Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary sling (PS) is a congenital condition in which the left pulmonary artery (LPA) arises from the right pulmonary artery (RPA), forming a sling around the trachea causing tracheal compression. The incidence is not so rare as initially thought. Symptoms of severe airway obstruction often begin in the newborn or young infant. Echo-colour-Doppler may reveal the PS but emphysema can mask the typical findings. Deviation of fluid-filled lungs may be detected prenatally. Chest radiographs show unusual air distribution, deviation of heart and mediastinum and altered tracheobronchial angles. Bronchography and bronchoscopy demonstrate the high incidence of associated tracheal anomalies such as cartilagenous rings and long tracheal stenosis. Anterior oesophageal indentation is not always seen in the oesophogram. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) reveal the PS, but cautious interpretation is necessary because of different levels of the anomalous LPA. PS and associated cardiovascular malformations can be clearly detected by angiography. Associated extrathoracic anomalies are common. Early diagnosis and therapy of PS is mandatory and consists of reimplantation of the LPA into the pulmonary trunk and division of the ligamentum arteriosum. The postoperative course may be cumbersome necessitating bronchological interventions. Tracheal resection may be necessary but restenosis is frequent. A one-stage repair has been proposed in such cases and was successfully done in a few reported cases. Relief of respiratory obstruction is often complete when there are no associated tracheobronchial anomalies. Late postoperative course is favourable but respiratory obstructive attacks may occur with decreasing incidence over time and tracheal growth.
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PMID:Pulmonary sling: morphological findings. Pre- and postoperative course. 789 51

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) may lead to complications such as dysphagia, hoarseness, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, vocal cord palsy, dural tears with leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, haematoma, and oesophageal and vascular injuries. Hypopharyngeal injury in the early postoperative period is a rare, but life-threatening, problem. We present a patient with dyspnoea who developed subcutaneous emphysema in the early postoperative period after an iatrogenic hypopharyngeal injury following ACDF. These complications prolonged the postoperative course of the patient. The role of careful surgical intervention, and anticipation of potential complications, has been emphasized, especially when surgical exposure of the anterior spinal canal above C(4) is required.
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PMID:Hypopharyngeal injury leading to subcutaneous emphysema after anterior cervical discectomy and artificial cervical disc placement. 2047 37

A 30-year-old male presented with sudden diminution of vision, orbital pain, diplopia, and swelling of the eyelid of the right eye after blowing his nose within three days after a blunt ocular trauma. His best-corrected visual acuities were 6/10 in the right eye and 10/10 in the left eye. Anterior segment and fundus examination were normal bilaterally. Limitation of upward ocular motility was noticed in the right eye. Diplopia was detected in both upward and downward motilities. Intraocular pressures were 21 mmHg in OD and 16 mmHg in OS. Hertel exophthalmometry measurements were 21 mm for the right eye and 19 mm for the left eye. The direct computerized tomography image displayed the inferior orbital wall fracture and orbital emphysema in the right orbit. Prophylactic antibiotherapy was applied. The patient was advised not to blow his nose. He had no complaints on the third day after the trauma. Follow-up examinations showed no ophthalmological complications.
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PMID:[Traumatic orbital emphysema: a case report]. 2229 15