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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 9/94 and 3/96 volume reduction was performed on 29 patients by a median sternotomy or videoendoscopic approach. Perioperative mortality occurred in three patients. The residual volume decreased within the first month from preoperative 308.8 +/- 13.4% of predicted (%p) to 217.9 +/- 12.7%p (p < 0.05). FeV1 significantly improved to 37.9 +/- 4.6%p after 3 months, versus 23.5 +/- 1.8%p preoperatively (p < 0.05). Intrinsic PEEP substantially decreased from 6.69 +/- 0.91 cm H2O preop to 0.93 +/- 0.28 cm H2O initially after surgery (p < 0.005). This was paralleled by the work of breathing: 1.78 +/- 0.2 J/l preoperatively versus 0.77 +/- 0.04 J/l postoperatively (p < 0.005). In conclusion, VR is a safe and successful option for patients with pulmonary emphysema, who show signs of marked hyperinflation.
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PMID:[Surgical technique and results of bilateral volume reduction in patients with pulmonary emphysema]. 910 96

Emphysema is caused by exposure to cigarette smoking as well as alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. It has been estimated to cost the National Health Service (NHS) in excess of 800 million pounds per year in related health care costs. The challenges for Critical Care nurses are those associated with dynamic hyperinflation, Auto-PEEP, malnutrition and the weaning from invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation. In this paper we consider the impact of the pathophysiology of emphysema, its effects on other body systems as well as the impact acute exacerbations have when patients are admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.
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PMID:The pathophysiology of emphysema: considerations for critical care nursing practice. 1690