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Enzyme
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Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
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Target Concepts:
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (
emphysema
)
11,506
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Cocaine use, often not recognized, is a frequent cause of consultation in the emergency room or by primary care physicians. The use of cocaine causes numerous cardiovascular and pulmonary side effects. In this context, the occurrence of a pneumothorax represents a specific complication, often misunderstood by primary care physicians. We describe here three cases of patients who suffered from subcutaneous
emphysema
and pneumothorax after taking cocaine and emphasize the importance of always keeping in mind the possibility of illicit
substance use
in such cases, especially among young and healthy patients.
...
PMID:[Cocaine use and pneumothorax]. 2093 3
This study aimed to identify patterns of health concerns associated with long-term use of cannabis and tobacco individually, as well as in combination. We recruited 350 adults aged 40 or over who smoked cannabis but not tobacco (cannabis-only group, n=59), smoked both cannabis and tobacco (cannabis/tobacco group, n=88), smoked tobacco but not cannabis (tobacco-only group, n=80), or used neither substance (control group, n=123). Participants completed a survey addressing
substance use
, diagnosed medical conditions, health concerns relating to smoking cannabis/tobacco, and general health (measured using the Physical Health Questionnaire and the Short Form 36). Several significant differences were found among the four groups. With regard to diagnosed medical conditions, the three smoking groups reported significantly higher rates of
emphysema
than did the control group (ps<.001). However, all members of the cannabis-only group diagnosed with
emphysema
were former regular tobacco smokers. Total general health scores, general health subscales, and items addressing smoking-related health concerns also revealed several significant group differences, and these tended to show worse outcomes for the two tobacco smoking groups. Findings suggest that using tobacco on its own and mixing it with cannabis may lead to worse physical health outcomes than using cannabis alone.
...
PMID:Health outcomes associated with long-term regular cannabis and tobacco smoking. 2350 Nov 36
The use of cocaine causes numerous cardiovascular and pulmonary side effects. In this context, the occurrence of a pneumomediastinum represents a specific complication, often misunderstood by primary care physicians. We describe here on case of patient who suffered from subcutaneous
emphysema
and pneumomediastinum after smoking "crack". We emphasize the importance of always keeping in mind the possibility of illicit
substance use
in such cases, especially among young and healthy patients. A short observation period with outpatient follow-up is appropriate in the majority of patients. Invasive procedures have a low yield and should be based on a high degree of clinical suspicion for esophageal rupture or bronchial tree laceration.
...
PMID:[Spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to inhalation of crack]. 2465 22
Background:
Nitrous oxide (N
2
O) is used worldwide for analgesia and anesthesia. It is also used for recreational purposes by some people. N
2
O can have major side effects (myeloneuropathy, delusions,
emphysema
) when used to excess. In France, N
2
O is available as an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO). Its
substance use
disorder potential is monitored by the French Monitoring Centre for Addiction (CEIP-A) network. Our objective is to provide an overview of the
substance use
disorder potential of N
2
O in general, and of EMONO in particular.
Methods:
This paper is based on a systematic review of the literature for case reports involving N
2
O use disorder and on CEIP-A network cases involving EMONO use disorder. We characterized use disorder in accordance with DSM-5 (
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition
) criteria. Furthermore, we considered data relating to medical history, age, gender, and N
2
O consumption habits.
Results:
We identified 59 cases of N
2
O use disorder in the literature and 17 cases of EMONO use disorder from the CEIP-A network. More than 90% of the cases used N
2
O in larger quantities and for longer than intended. Conversely, more negative as opposed to positive cases have been documented regarding tolerance and failed attempts to reduce usage.
Conclusions:
A specific profile of
substance use
disorder starts to emerge from all the cases studied here. Furthermore, we identified another way N
2
O use disorder can appear: through exposure for medical purposes.
...
PMID:Nitrous oxide: What do we know about its use disorder potential? Results of the French Monitoring Centre for Addiction network survey and literature review. 3091 1
