Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the South-Western part of Norway, lambs of the Old Norwegian short tailed breed (Spael) and crosses with the Dala breed sometimes develop an Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) shortly after they have been moved onto lush aftermath grazings from mountain pastures. This article covers the symptoms and pathoanatomical findings in lambs affected with ARDS (Table I). The lambs acquired ARDS 18-72 hours after change of pasture. Heavy dysphne, frothing at the mouth, elevated temperature (greater than 41 degrees C), tachycardia, urination and ruminal atony were striking symptoms (Table II). In the early phase of the disease the lambs were often in a tranquil state, depressed, sometimes atactic, and it seemed that they went into the overt dysphneic phase on exposure to physical stress. Morbidity was 1.4%, mortality 36%. Post mortem findings included frothy contents in the airways, heavy congestion and oedema in the lungs which also had emphysematous areas, subepicardial petechiae, varying degree of mottling of the myocardium, and also varying degree of paleness and spottyness of renal cortices. The lungs showed extensive focal alveolar and interstitial emphysema, septal congestion, alveolar oedema, partial collapse, and accumulations of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in vascular beds. Later, fibrillar material was found in the alveoli, alveolar macrophages accumulated, and interalveolar septa thickened because of increased fibromuscular tissue and mononuclear cells (Fig. 1, A-D). Alveolar epithelial hyperplasia was not seen in any stage. Four lambs were moderately infected with lungworms (D. filaria), three in the prepatent, one in the patent phase. Histopathological changes in other organs included granular degenerations of myocardial threads, and development of a glomerulonephritis and focal interstitial nephritis (Fig. 1, E-F). This disease entity (ARDS) in lambs seems to be unknown in literature. The disease is compared with other known diseases in ruminants. Etiology is so far unknown. Possibilities of sudden ruminal histamine formation coinciding with a hypersensitivity reaction is discussed.
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PMID:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in lambs. Clinical and pathoanatomical investigations. 656 10

We have reviewed our experience in the management of myeloma patients who present with features of severe renal impairment, to examine the role of intensive treatment of the renal failure, and to assess the role of renal biopsy. Between March 1983 and August 1991, 16 patients, who were subsequently diagnosed as having myeloma, presented to the Department of Renal Medicine for investigation of renal failure; nine with symptoms of uraemia and seven with pneumonia, bone pain, emphysema, or ischaemic heart disease. Renal biopsy was performed on 14 patients. Eleven patients had myeloma cast nephropathy, two of whom had concurrent hypertensive nephropathy, two patients had light chain deposition disease, and one patient had interstitial nephritis. Renal function improved in six patients with aggressive rehydration, but three of them subsequently required dialysis. In all 11 patients required dialysis, two short-term and nine long-term. Seven patients were given conventional melphalan and prednisolone and nine patients received VAMP as induction cytotoxic chemotherapy. Five of the VAMP sub-group received interferon alpha 2b as maintenance therapy. The median renal survival was five months (range 0-36 months) and median overall survival was 20 months (range 1-54 months). We conclude that intensive treatment, including dialysis, in myeloma patients with renal failure may result in survival durations approaching those of unselected myeloma patients, and a significant proportion will enjoy a reasonable quality of life.
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PMID:Intensive treatment of renal failure in patients with myeloma. 773 18

The most striking feature observed in this study is the extensive variation of the serum in relation to its proteins. It was found that in certain diseases the globulin fraction is markedly increased, whereas the total protein of the serum may be normal, or may fall far below normal in amount. The diseases in which an increase in the globulins takes place may be grouped as follows: (1) cardiac diseases associated with decompensation and serous effusions, (2) pulmonary or respiratory affections of inflammatory or non-inflammatory origin (pneumonia, emphysema, polycythemia), (3) diabetes mellitus, and (4) parenchymatous nephritis. In the serum of chronic parenchymatous nephritis the increase in the globulin content is most pronounced and may constitute nearly all the protein, or as much as 95 per cent. The globulin content of serum is normal or diminished in the following diseases: (1) simple achylia gastrica (short duration), (2) tuberculosis, (3) diabetes insipidus, and (4) chronic interstitial nephritis. Other ingredients of the sera analyzed showed variations which cannot be definitely classified; but in a general way it appears upon careful analysis that an accumulation of water and salt occurs in those diseases in which the globulin fraction of the blood serum is increased.
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PMID:A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF BLOOD SERUM. 1986 8

A 73-year-old male metalworker was admitted to our hospital with a 3-year history of progressive dry cough. Chest high-resolution computed tomography revealed emphysematous changes and reticular lesions, which is referred to as combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Surgical lung biopsy specimens revealed unclassified interstitial pneumonia, including a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern and usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. Two years after his first admission he developed rapid progressive renal dysfunction with an elevated level of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (428 EU). A renal biopsy specimen revealed interstitial nephritis and glomerulonephritis. Consequently, microscopic polyangiitis preceded by CPFE was diagnosed. Despite transient exacerbation of renal involvement, his general condition remained mostly stable during a 2-year period of corticosteroid treatment. He ultimately died from severe pneumococcal pneumonia associated with acute lung injury.
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PMID:Microscopic polyangiitis preceded by combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. 2623 23

In Argentina there is little information about diseases that affect exotic ungulates and the health risks that they pose to native wildlife, livestock, and humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of red deer ( Cervus elaphus) in the Nahuel Huapi National Park and surrounding areas in Patagonia, Argentina. During three consecutive hunting seasons, necropsies were performed on 101 red deer, and tissues were examined histologically. The most common lesions were those associated with hepatic and pulmonary parasites. Fasciola hepatica was observed in 15 red deer and was associated with cholangiohepatitis (8%) and/or cholangitis (10%). Dictyocaulus sp. (likely Dictyocaulus eckerti) was associated with interstitial pneumonia (5%), bronchitis (5%), pulmonary emphysema (13%), and bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia (13%). Other findings included Sarcocystis spp. cysts in the myocardium (89%) associated with interstitial, focal, lymphoplasmacytic myocarditis (8%); periportal lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis (8%); hepatic centrilobular necrosis (6%); lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis (25%); and follicular hyperplasia in mediastinal, prescapular, and prefemoral lymph nodes (86%). Our report of lesions caused by endemic parasites of livestock in free-ranging exotic red deer in Patagonia sets the foundation for a health-monitoring and -surveillance system of wildlife in this region, which is essential for the sustainable management of threatened Argentinean native fauna.
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PMID:A SURVEY OF PARASITE LESIONS IN WILD RED DEER ( CERVUS ELAPHUS) FROM ARGENTINA. 2979 Dec 94