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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) may result in various different pulmonary manifestations. Thus radiology may reveal pleuritis, pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema or cor pulmonale. Pulmonary function tests may disclose restrictive or obstructive disturbances frequently, as well as alveolar hypoventilation and impairment of diffusion. Relevant exemplary cases are discussed on the basis of chest X-rays and the results of clinical and pulmonary function tests. MCTD has a predilection for the pulmonary system and the diagnosis, course and treatment of this severe disease are largely determined by the pulmonary lesions.
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PMID:[Examples of pulmonary changes in patients with collagen diseases]. 236 27

The objective of this study was to describe the pulmonary abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). The study included 41 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for MCTD and showed abnormal findings on high-resolution CT. The presence, extent, and distribution of various high-resolution CT findings were evaluated. The predominant abnormalities included areas of ground-glass attenuation (n = 41), subpleural micronodules (n = 40), and nonseptal linear opacities (n = 32). Other common findings included peripheral predominance (n = 40), lower lobe predominance (n = 39), intralobular reticular opacities (n = 25), architectural distortion (n = 20), and traction bronchiectasis (n = 18). Less common findings included honeycombing, ill-defined centrilobular nodules, airspace consolidation, interlobular septal thickening, thickening of bronchovascular bundles, bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, and emphysema. Pulmonary involvement of MCTD is characterized by the presence of ground-glass attenuation, nonseptal linear opacities, and peripheral and lower lobe predominance. Ill-defined centrilobular opacities were uncommonly seen.
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PMID:Pulmonary involvement in mixed connective tissue disease: high-resolution CT findings in 41 patients. 1129 11

Pneumomediastinum has been described as a rare complication of connective tissue diseases. Here, we report four cases of pneumomediastinum: three of which are associated with dermatomyositis and one with mixed connective tissue disease. All our patients had interstitial lung disease. The first case of dermatomyositis described below was complicated by epidural emphysema (pneumorrhachis) in addition to pneumomediastinum. Pneumorrhachis is reported in many isolated case reports and series in the setting of asthma, pneumothorax, blunt chest trauma, etc. Less than 10% of pneumomediastinum cases develop this complication and vast majority of cases resolve spontaneously. The mechanism behind this has been postulated to be the passage of air through the intervertebral foramen. Others suggest entrapment of air which dissects between paraspinal soft tissues and along the vascular and nerve sheaths into the epidural space. This is the first ever reported case of epidural emphysema in connective tissue disease to the best of our knowledge.
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PMID:Pneumorrhachis and pneumomediastinum in connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease: case series from a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. 2144 75