Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 76-year-old man was referred to our hospital with complaints of productive cough, dyspnea and peripheral cyanosis. The chest X-ray film indicated the pulmonary emphysema and acute bronchitis, but no abnormal intracardiac calcification. The electrocardiogram revealed a peaked P-wave, complete left bundle branch block, and ventricular premature contraction. Chest tomography demonstrated abnormal intracardiac calcium deposition in the right heart region. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed the tricuspid annular calcification in the postero-lateral portion, showing a synchronous movement with tricuspid annular motion throughout the cardiac cycle. The size of calcification was 10 x 14 mm. The tricuspid valve showed no significant regurgitation. Left ventricular dilatation, associated with mild mitral regurgitation and impairment of systolic function (EF = 49%) was revealed by echocardiography. Serum examination revealed positive in Wassermann reaction. This case of tricuspid annular calcification might be caused by atherosclerotic degenerative change related to the aging process, or by an unknown mechanism related to pulmonary emphysema.
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PMID:[A case of tricuspid annular calcification]. 179 47

We developed two methods for determining the regional distribution of (1) RV/TLC and air trapping during forced expiration and (2) the ratio or pulmonary blood volume to blood flow. 1) The regional distributions of RV/TLC and air trapping ratio: A.T.R. (air trapping caused by forced expiration) were measured in respiratory disease cases and normal subjects using Xe-133 gas. In normal subjects, RV/TLC gradually decreased from the apex to the base of the lung. A.T.R. was very low in all lung fields. In chronic emphysema (CPE), both RV/TLC and A.T.R. were much higher than the value in normal subjects at the highly diseased areas. In contrast, in case of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), RV/TLC remained within the normal range and A.T.R. was increased considerably in the diseased regions. These results suggest that airway obstruction occurs only during the forced expiration in DPB. 2) The regional distribution of the ratio of pulmonary blood volume to blood flow (tau p) were measured in a normal subject and a case of mitral regurgitation. In both subjects, the distribution of 1/tau p consisted of three zones: upper, middle and lower. The distribution of 1/tau p was constant in the middle zone, but, in the upper and lower zones, it decreased in proportion to the distance from the middle zone. In the case of mitral regurgitation, the middle zone shifted to the apex. Applying the results to the lung perfusion model proposed by West, it was suggested that these phenomena might reflect the increase of the pulmonary venous pressure and the perfusion disorder in the lower lung.
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PMID:[Limitation of RI imaging in evaluating lung function test--development of new methods]. 261 82

Transesophageal echocardiography has been proven to be of particular value in all patients with transthoracic echocardiograms of low quality related to pulmonary emphysema, obesity and chest deformation as well as in intensive care unit patients. Similarly, transesophageal Doppler echocardiography is of particular value in all cases in which the transthoracic Doppler, due to methodological problems, is of limited value. Mitral regurgitation can be detected and quantified and flow direction described. Only in 12/25 patients with mild, 11/12 patients with moderate and 5/8 patients with severe insufficiency was regurgitation detected by transthoracic echocardiography as compared to transesophageal echocardiography with which the lesion was consistently detected. In two patients with severe and clinically-inapparent mitral regurgitation related to papillary muscle rupture, the diagnosis was established only by the transesophageal approach in an emergency situation. Atrial septal defects were detected in 8/15 patients and the size of the defect analyzed. With transesophageal Doppler echocardiography, the relation of left-to-right and right-to-left shunts could be described. In 7/16 patients with aortic dissection, true and false lumen were differentiated by analysing the flow pattern within both lumina. In 9/16 patients differentiation was enabled through delineation of the false lumen which was filled with thrombotic material. Detection of aortic regurgitation and tricuspidal regurgitation is possible but analysis of flow patterns is difficult because flow direction is nearly orthogonal to the ultrasound beam. First attempts to quantify cardiac output have been performed. For the future, transesophageal color flow Doppler mapping appears to be a most promising method.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of the transesophageal Doppler echocardiography]. 330 69

Combined lung volume reduction and mitral valve reconstruction was performed in a 66-year-old man with end-stage emphysema and severe mitral regurgitation. Quality of life, pulmonary function, 6-minute walk, echocardiographic degree of mitral regurgitation, and New York Heart Association heart failure classification all improved substantially. A lung volume reduction operation can safely be combined with complex cardiac operations for patients with disabling dyspnea of a multifactorial nature.
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PMID:Combined lung volume reduction and mitral valve reconstruction. 980 Aug 49