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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The outcomes of treatment of 386 victims with abdominal trauma and fractures of the long tubular bones were studied. The authors systematized the typical complications developing after the trauma, both on the part of the injured organs of the abdominal cavity and true pelvis and the fractures of the long tubular bones. This allowed the developed complications to be divided according to time into early, late, and sequelae of trauma. The early complications of injuries to the organs of the abdomen and true pelvis are as follows: suppuration of postoperative wounds, postoperative wound dehiscence with or without eventration, recurrent intracavitary hemorrhage, progressing local peritonitis, incompetence of anastomoses, intestinal obstruction, abdominal abscesses and infiltrates, abscesses and infiltrates in the true pelvis, intestinal paresis, large hematomas, phlegmons of the anterior abdominal wall. The late complications are: sluggish wounds of the anterior abdominal wall, formation of ligature fistulas, postoperative ventral hernias, suppuration of intraorganic and interstitial hematomas, subclinical forms of sepsis and sepsis, thrombophlebitic complications, chronic venous insufficiency, persistent wounds, and other complications. The sequelae of injury to the organs of the abdominal cavity and true pelvis are: intestinal fistulas, functional intestinal disorders, gastric disease, the dumping syndrome, cicatricial changes of the anterior abdominal wall, posttraumatic disease, venous insufficiency, pneumosclerosis, chronic pneumonia, pulmonary emphysema, chronic vascular insufficiency, etc. The early complications in fractures of long tubular bones in the group of studied patients: suppuration of osteomuscular wounds, recurrent displacement of bone fragments, bone necrosis in open type IIIC, IIID fractures, gangrene of the limb consequent upon crushing of skin and subcutaneous tissue, subluxations, secondary subluxations of limbs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Classification of complications of combined injuries of abdominal organs and long tubular bones in traffic accidents]. 146 78

Laparoscopy is reviewed in this keynote lecture of the 1st annual meeting of the American Association of Gynecological Laparoscopists in Las Vegas, Nevada, November 1972. The pneumoperitoneum may produce pressure on the inferior vena cava and stomach and cause splinting of the diaphragm leading to impaired ventilation, reduction in venous return to the heart, and possible regurgitation of stomach contents. Absorption of carbon dioxide may cause a rise of partial pressure of carbon dioxide with associated cardiac arrhythmias. All of these problems are controlled or prevented by a general anesthetic with intubation by a cuff tube, good muscle relaxation, and controlled ventilation by a respirator. Laparoscopy may be used to determine intact ectopic pregnancy and study female sterility, early endometriosis, acute salpingitis, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, small uterine or other masses, and primary and secondary amenorrhea. Surgical uses include puncture and/or aspiration of ovarian cysts or tubo-ovarian cysts, removal of foreign bodies, resection of adhesions, tubal sterilization, and ventrosuspension of uterus. Contraindications include difficulty in establishing an adequate pneumoperitoneum; acute peritonitis, ileus, or intestinal obstruction; and inadvisability of penumoperitoneum or Trendelenburg position. Laparoscopy can diagnose the extent and nature of pelvic and abdominal cancer and evaluate treatment. Reported complications with laparoscopy include puncture of vessels, perforation of intra-abdominal viscus, parietal or omental emphysema, cardiorespiratory embarrassment, and effects of high-pressure gas injections. A woman infertile due to absent or useless oviducts but with a healthy uterus and at least 1 healthy functioning ovary could seemingly be assisted through recovery of oocytes via laparoscopy, fertilization and cleavage of the ovum in vitro, and finally embryo transfer into her uterus. The first 2 steps have already been accomplished for women.
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PMID:Gynecological laparoscopy. 426 3

A review of anaesthesia for gynaecologic laparoscopic surgery is given. Special criteria are needed for selection of patients, choice of anaesthesia and intraoperative monitoring. The cardiovascular and respiratory system are affected by tension from the pneumoperitoneum, absorption of CO2 and Trendelenburg position. Gas insufflation can provoke venous gas embolism, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium and subcutaneous emphysema. The introduction of laparoscopic instruments may result in unintentional injuries to intra-abdominal organs. The possibility that the procedure may have to be converted to open laparotomy needs to be considered. Bowel burns may result in perforation, peritonitis and sepsis. Laparoscopy is contraindicated in patients with serious cardiac disease, extensive bowel adhesions or intestinal obstruction. General anaesthesia with muscle paralysis, tracheal intubation and controlled ventilation is the preferred technique in these cases. Short acting anaesthetics are preferred in day case laparoscopy. Central neural blockade or infiltration anaesthesia supplemented with sedation and analgetics can be used for short laparoscopic procedures. The electrocardiogram, noninvasive arterial pressure monitor, airway pressure monitor, intra-abdominal pressure monitor, pulse oximeter and CO2 monitor are used routinely. Antiemetics and analgetics may be needed postoperatively.
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PMID:[Anesthesiological aspects of laparoscopy in gynecological surgery]. 799 2

Partial gastrectomy for benign ulcer disease may influence future risk of death, eg, through changes in life-style or metabolism. To reveal such possible long-term effects, we analyzed a population-based cohort of 6459 patients operated on from 1950 through 1958 and followed through 1985. We found a lower overall mortality than in the general Swedish population (standardized mortality ratio = 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.97). Mortality was decreased among those with duodenal ulcers, Billroth II operations, and older age at operation but increased as time passed after operation. Mortality was significantly (P < 0.05) increased from tuberculosis, alcoholism, emphysema, stomach ulcer, intestinal obstruction, gallbladder or biliary disease, suicide, and accidental falls but decreased from ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Preoperative selection of healthy patients and the probable increased prevalence of risk factors for ulcer disease (smoking, alcoholism, and lower socioeconomic status) in this cohort explain most of these findings. Apart from intestinal obstruction, gallbladder or biliary tract diseases, and tuberculosis, the surgical procedure did not appear to increase mortality beyond one year after operation.
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PMID:Mortality among patients with partial gastrectomy for benign ulcer disease. 831 16

Gastric emphysema is a benign condition in which air from non bacterial sources accumulate within the wall of the stomach. This pathology is usually associated with gastric and, or small bowel obstruction. A case report of gastric emphysema is presented, together with a pertinent review of the literature.
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PMID:Gastric emphysema simulating perforated hollow viscus: case report and review of literature. 958 Mar 84

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) insertion became the preferred technique for facilitating enteral nutrition in children unable to take adequate caloric intake orally once its advantages over the standard Stamm gastrostomy became apparent. It has taken longer for some of its limitations and shortcomings to be recognized. Problems encountered during PEG insertion include: inability to enter the stomach with the trocar, oesophageal laceration, colonic perforation, gastro-colo-cutaneous fistula, peritonitis, subcutaneous emphysema, external migration of inner flange, wound infection, peristomal excoriation, symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux requiring later fundoplication, intestinal obstruction and haemorrhage. Many of these complications can be avoided by attention to technique.
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PMID:Limitations of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in facilitating enteral nutrition in children: review of the shortcomings of a new technique. 1057 51

Surgical emphysema of abdominal and thoracic wall, along with features of intestinal obstruction, has not been reported as a complication of strangulated femoral hernia. We report a 31-year-old woman with such a presentation.
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PMID:Strangulated femoral hernia presenting as parietal wall emphysema. 1636 70

We sought to evaluate the clinical feasibility and mid- to long-term effects of laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion before myomectomy in the treatment of uterine myomas. A total of 566 patients with uterine myoma were treated by laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion before myomectomy from October 2001 through July 2007. Mean blood loss was 88.2 +/- 52.7 mL (95% CI 82.7-93.8). The highest postoperative temperature was 37.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C, and the postoperative morbidity was 5.7% (32/566). Number of days to the return of bowel movement was 1.9 +/- 0.5d and in hospital stay after surgery was 7.7 +/- 2.5d. Complications included 2 instances of subcutaneous emphysema, 1 of vaginal bleeding, and 3 of mild intestinal obstruction. At a median of 26.3 months (range 6-69 months) of follow-up, the rate of myoma recurrence was 3.0% (15/517), uterus volume reduction was 48.9%, and correction of menstruation abnormality was 97.1% (502/517). Laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion before myomectomy can expand myomectomy indications with better results.
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PMID:Laparoscopic uterine artery occlusion combined with myomectomy for uterine myomas. 1843 9

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by mutations on the CFTR gene. This leads to defective chloride channels on epithelial cell membranes and causes various disorders of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts.As a result, all exocrine glands produce a viscous secretion, leading to pulmonary symptoms such as chronic cough, secretion retention, recurring infections as well as bronchiectasis and obstructive lung emphysema. Gastrointestinal effects include exocrine and often also endocrine pancreatic insufficiency with chronic diarrhea and maldigestion syndrome as well as pancreoprivic diabetes mellitus; biliary cirrhosis occurs in 10% of cases. Additional effects include reduced fertility in women and infertility in men.Life-threatening complications include bleeding from the bronchial arteries, pneumothorax, and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), previously known as meconium ileus equivalent. Treatment requires rapid diagnosis and should be carried out in experienced centres, since the mortality rate can otherwise be up to 50%.
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PMID:[Emergencies in adult mucoviscidosis patients]. 2252 65

A previously well 18-year-old male presented with a 3-day history of vomiting, abdominal pain and increasing neck swelling. X-rays demonstrated both pneumomediastinum and cervical surgical emphysema and initial efforts were centred upon excluding Boerhaave syndrome (vomiting-induced oesophageal rupture). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and contrast CT scans excluded breech of the oesophagus but did, however, confirm dilated small bowel. Over the days, his condition did not improve, repeat CT demonstrated worsening small bowel dilatation and he eventually underwent laparotomy on day 5 of his admission. This revealed a high-grade obstruction in the right iliac fossa (presumably from a previous appendicectomy). Following adhesiolysis, he made a full recovery from both small bowel obstruction and surgical emphysema.
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PMID:Vomiting-induced surgical emphysema and pneumomediastinum: a self-remitting or life-threatening condition? 2270 74


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