Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pneumomediastinum usually occurs after esophageal or chest trauma. Subcutaneous cervical emphysema as a presentation of non-traumatic colonic perforation following colorectal cancer or diverticulitis, is very rare. We report a case of a patient with rectal cancer who developed a diastatic cecum retroperitoneal perforation with a secondary pneumomediastinum and cervical emphysema. The patient was in treatment with a neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy for a low rectal cancer. Treatment consisted in an emergency right hemi-colectomy with ileostomy and performance of distal colonic fistula. The Authors discuss the occurrence of pneumomediastinum and cervical emphysema complicating rectal cancer, pointing out ethiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. The importance of performing a diverting colostomy when neoadjuvant chemotherapy is scheduled in patients with stenotic rectal cancer, although not clinically occluded.
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PMID:Subcutaneous cervical emphysema and pneumomediastinum due to a diastatic rupture of the cecum. 2688 4

We present a case of Fournier's gangrene secondary to rectal cancer that was managed with perineal reconstruction using a posterior thigh flap after debridement and tumor resection. A 67-year-old man was admitted with disturbed consciousness as well as hip and right thigh pain. His perineal and gluteal skin was necrotic. CT revealed subcutaneous emphysema that had spread from the rectum to the gluteal region and right thigh. We diagnosed him with Fournier's gangrene, and then removed the necrotic tissue and constructed a sigmoidostomy. A diagnosis of rectal cancer was later confirmed. Fifty-nine days after the initial operation, a laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed. The perineal defect was repaired using a posterior thigh flap with the gluteus maximus. There were no postoperative complications, and the patient was discharged ahead of schedule. We concluded that the use of a posterior thigh flap is a good choice for perineal reconstruction, because it is simple to perform, can cover a large area, and has a low risk of infection.
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PMID:[Use of a Posterior Thigh Flap with the Gluteus Maximus for Perineal Reconstruction - A Case of Fournier's Gangrene with Rectal Cancer]. 2813 43

Crepitus happened into the soft tissue is indicated subcutaneous emphysema. Subcutaneous emphysema of leg without trauma was likely to diagnose gas gangrene or gas-forming myonecrosis (GFM) at emergency department (ED). On the other hand, abdominal fatal condition with gas from the gut may spread to the leg should be considered a different diagnosis. We report a case of critically ill patient who presented to the ED with initial features suggestive of necrotizing fasciitis with gas gangrene of left leg. Assessment and further intervention revealed subcutaneous emphysema of leg secondary to a perforation of rectum associated with previous anastomosis site for rectal cancer surgery. Subcutaneous emphysema of the leg rarely happened secondary to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract and has often created serious diagnostic problems which may lead to mortality. Consequently, prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment is imperative. Physicians and surgeons should be aware of this condition that could be fatal but curable by early intervention.
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PMID:Acute Onset of a Swollen Leg With Crepitus: A Complication With Rectal Perforation. 3299 27