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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To refine 1974 results on venous thrombosis and oral contraceptives (OCs) from a prospective study begun in 1968 comparing 23,000 women using OCs with 23,000 controls, women with known preexisting conditions relevant to thrombosis were excluded. Rates in each contraceptive category (users, ex-users, and controls) were indirectly standardized for age, parity, cigarette consumption, and social class. The relative risk (users to nonusers) of deep vein thrombosis was 4.17; for superficial vein thrombosis, it was 2.41. For other thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, trends were similar but the differences were not significant. Rates of ex-users did not differ significantly from the controls, implying no persistent risk after OC use ends. Superficial thrombosis correlated significantly with age, parity, and estrogen dose and progesterone content of OCs, but deep vein thrombosis did not. The risk of superficial thrombosis was significantly increased in users and nonusers with severe varicose veins, and increased with the severity; no significant relationship was found with deep vein thrombosis.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1978 Jul
PMID:Oral contraceptives, venous thrombosis, and varicose veins. Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study. 70 53

Combined oral contraceptives (OCs) have been implicated with an increased risk of a number of illnesses, particularly vascular conditions such as stroke, ischemic heart disease, venous thrombosis, and peripheral vascular disease. This study assessed the balance of risk of serious illness among a cohort of OC users followed for up to 28 years. Data from the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study were examined to determine the rate of such conditions during 335,181 woman-years of observation for ever-users and 228,727 woman-years for never-users. The rates were standardized for age, parity, social class, and smoking. Results of the study indicated that in comparison with never-users, ever-users had a small increased risk of any serious disease. Ever-users had an excess risk of cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary embolism, and venous thromboembolism, and reduced risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer. The increased risk was seen only in younger women; by the age of 50, ever-users had the same risk as never-users. The risk appeared to be confined to women using OCs containing 50 mcg or more of estrogen. In conclusion, past users of higher-dose OCs can be reassured that the small increased risk of serious disease seen during current use does not persist after stopping and that latent effects do not appear later in life. Currently available OCs containing less than 50 mcg of estrogen, accompanied by the progestogen, levonorgestrel, or norethisterone acetate, do not appear to be associated with an increased net risk of serious disease.
Br J Gen Pract 1998 Oct
PMID:The risk of serious illness among oral contraceptive users: evidence from the RCGP's oral contraceptive study. 1019 18

Pulmonary embolism (PE) after lung resection has a high mortality rate, and it is one of the most severe complications after lung resection. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential. We present a case of severe PE after left pneumonectomy for lung cancer. Computed tomography angiography was useful for confirming the diagnosis of PE. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was used to treat the embolism, and the patient was discharged on the seventh day. LMWH is an effective and safe agent for the treatment of PE after pneumonectomy and may reduce the need for surgery. It may be used as an initial procedure. Secondary severe complications, including hemorrhage and subsequent empyema, may be avoided with the use of LMWH.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007 Jul
PMID:Low-molecular-weight heparin for treatment of submassive pulmonary embolism after pneumonectomy. 1767 57

A-76-year-old woman consulted for open biopsy for a pulmonary mass. Thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as nonspecific inflammation. On the first postoperative day (POD1), the patient lost consciousness transiently. Eleven hours after the first stroke, the patient experienced a second stroke together with hypoxia. Pulmonary perfusion scan on POD2 showed multiple perfusion defects, and the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism (PE). Thrombolitic therapy was started. Neurological symptoms didn't improve, and cerebral angiography on POD3 showed delayed perfusion in superficial veins. The patient was diagnosed with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy had been continued, and the patient was found to have hemorrhagic cerebral infarction on POD11. After persistent therapy, the patient was discharged on POD120. Although both PE and CVT are rare complications after thoracic surgery, we must consider these complications in patients undergoing thoracic operations including thoracoscopic surgery.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008 Nov
PMID:Pulmonary embolism and cerebral venous thrombosis after thoracoscopic surgery for benign pulmonary disease. 1900 60

Although the causes of stroke are diverse, thromboembolism due to a mobile aortic thrombus is rare. We describe a surgical case of acute massive pulmonary embolism after critical cerebral infarction associated with a mobile ascending aortic thrombus in a 52-year-old woman. Concomitant surgical removal of the aortic thrombus and pulmonary embolectomy was performed successfully, and the patient has been stable without recurrent thromboembolic complications after 18 months of follow-up.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009 Dec
PMID:Acute pulmonary embolism after cerebral infarction associated with a mobile thrombus in the ascending aorta. 2001

Aneurysm of the azygos vein is rare. We describe the case of a 51-year-old nonsmoking woman with a posterior mediastinal mass caused by a giant azygos vein aneurysm with subtotal thrombosis. Surgical resection of the azygos vein was offered to our patient as a treatment option owing to theoretical risks of rupture and pulmonary embolism. After taping the azygos vein proximally and distally, the aneurysm was resected with video-assisted thoracoscopy. Approximately 30 cases have been reported in the literature to date. Dynamic computed tomography and a videoassisted approach were useful for the diagnosis and treatment for this abnormality.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010 Apr
PMID:Resection of an azygos vein aneurysm with thrombosis. 2040 18

A 50-year-old man presented to a nearby hospital with loss of consciousness. Investigation revealed thrombus formation at the tricuspid valve. Due to suspected pulmonary embolism, the patient underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography during which he went into a shock with sudden drop in functional oxygen saturation (SpO(2)). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was introduced for cardiovascular and respiratory support, and he was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. The patient was treated by surgical thromboembolectomy and was dismissed from the hospital without major complications. We have experienced a case where ECMO was successfully used for cardiovascular and respiratory support, serving as a bridge therapy between hospitals.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010 Jun
PMID:Successful usage of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge therapy for acute pulmonary embolism between hospitals. 2054 58

Cardiobacterium hominis, a member of the HACEK group of organisms, is a rare cause of endocarditis. We report a case of infective endocarditis caused by C. hominis in a male child who had undergone right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene conduit for tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia. Two days before admission, the patient suffered from exertional shortness of breath. Right ventricular hypertension was confirmed and RVOT stenosis was suspected based on the echocardiography findings. A CT scan revealed vegetation above the cusp of the conduit. An emergency operation was performed to avoid a pulmonary embolism due to large friable vegetation. C. hominis was cultured from the blood and the vegetation, prompting a diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis. The patient was discharged after a 6-week course of intravenous ceftriaxone therapy.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011 Jun
PMID:Infective endocarditis in a child caused by Cardiobacterium hominis after right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction using an expanded tetrafluoroethylene conduit. 2167 12

A 35-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with prolonged high-grade fever. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple pulmonary infiltrations in both lungs, suggesting septic emboli. Echocardiography revealed patent ductus arteriosus and mobile large vegetations in the pulmonary artery. Because of uncontrollable infection and the imminent possibility of massive pulmonary embolism, he underwent transpulmonary surgical closure of the ductus and resection of the vegetations under hypothermic circulatory arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass. We report a rare case of open heart surgery in a patient with pulmonary infective endarteritis associated with patent ductus arteriosus.
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011 Aug
PMID:A case of pulmonary infective endarteritis associated with patent ductus arteriosus: surgical closure under circulatory arrest. 2185 May 83

Catatonic patients often experience prolonged inactivity and dehydration, thus being prone to venous stasis leading to life-threatening thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE). When this occurs, the prescription of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), actually irreplaceable in most life-threatening cases, remains controversial essentially due to an increased risk for PE and cerebral haemorrhage, with timing clinical decisions being as crucial as difficult to take. We report the case of a catatonic patient affected by malnutrition, deep venous thrombosis, severe pressure ulcers and septic syndrome resulting from previous untimely management, successfully treated with 16 well-tolerated ECT applications upon intensive supportive care. Although anecdotal, cases like this remind the relevance of early ECT to reduce the risk for potentially life-threatening complications due to prolonged catatonic inactivity, especially to those clinicians substantially disregarding this practice.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry
PMID:A case of deep venous thrombosis following protracted catatonic immobility recovered with electroconvulsive therapy: the relevance for an early intervention. 2193 19


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