Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amrinone, an inotrope with vasodilating properties, is of potential use in managing the right ventricular failure and pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by massive pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, to determine the hemodynamic effects of amrinone in a canine model of massive PE, autologous blood clot was infused into ten dogs (eight treated and two control animals) in an amount sufficient to decrease mean systemic arterial pressure (MAP) by at least 25 percent. This resulted in an increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) from 13.4 +/- 3.7 mm Hg to 44.4 +/- 4.8 mm Hg (p less than 0.01), a decrease in MAP from 122 +/- 9.5 mm Hg to 35.6 +/- 9.8 mm Hg (p less than 0.01), and a decrease in cardiac output from 2.73 +/- 0.834 L/min to 1.22 +/- 0.61 L/min (p less than 0.01). Amrinone was administered in an initial bolus of 0.75 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 7.5 micrograms/kg/min, which resulted in significant hemodynamic improvement in all subjects, with a fall in MPAP to 35.3 +/- 5.1 mm Hg (p less than 0.01), an increase in MAP to 98.1 +/- 31.1 mm Hg (p less than 0.01), and an increase in cardiac output to 2.01 +/- 0.7 L/min (not significant) at 5 min. Cardiac output continued to increase to 2.56 +/- 0.16 L/min (p less than 0.01) at 35 min. We conclude that amrinone alleviated pulmonary hypertension, systemic hypotension, and low cardiac output in a canine model of massive PE.
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PMID:Hemodynamic effects of amrinone in a canine model of massive pulmonary embolism. 162 67

Amrinone is a new positive inotropic agent available in oral and intravenous preparations. Twelve patients with Stage III cardiac failure of ischaemic (6 cases), myocardial (5 cases) or valvular (1 case) origin, were treated with oral amrinone. The protocol included a complete clinical, radiological and biochemical work-up, an exercise stress test, cardiac catheterisation and echocardiography before entering the trial. The patients underwent clinical examination, stress testing and echocardiography at the 4th, 8th and 12th week of treatment with 300 mg daily of amrinone. Two patients had to be withdrawn from the trial because of thrombocytopaenia; one patient deteriorated and eventually died of pulmonary embolism. There was a marked improvement in the 8 patients who achieved the trial, with an average gain of 40 watts on exercise testing, a mean reduction of 16 mm Hg in diastolic pulmonary pressures, and an increase of 11 p. 100 in EF and velocity of circumferential fibre shortening. Four additional patients were given intravenous amrinone (1 cc/kg relayed with an infusion of 1 ng/kg/min). Ventricular end-diastolic pressures fell by 9 mm Hg and cardiac index rose by 1.02 1/min/m2. Tolerance was good with no arrhythmic complications or significant variations in mean arterial pressure or heart rate. Although certain reserves have to be made with regards of tolerance of oral amrinone, the drug would seem to be useful and effective in the intravenous form. Further studies are under way.
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PMID:[Effects of amrinone administered orally and by injection in heart failure]. 389 92