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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In experimental and clinical use, Ethibloc in combination with 40% glucose preinjection has proven to be of major advantage in tumor embolization. However, its low radiographic contrast is a limiting factor in monitoring its vascular distribution and venous propagation. Various contrast media were tested in order to enhance this contrast in laboratory and animal experiments. Normal rat kidneys (N = 96) and renal tumors, induced by Dimethylnitrosamine (N = 66) were tested as in previous studies. Ethibloc-N was produced by substituting Lipiodol for poppy seed oil which is an ingredient of the original Ethibloc. This proved to be the only embolization medium that combined the excellent properties of the original Ethibloc with increased contrast. All other embolization media tested resulted in new complications such as under-or overembolization and pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:Experimental study of the effectiveness of capillary embolization using contrast-enhanced Ethibloc. 632 44

The use of percutaneous transcatheter hepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization in the treatment of primary liver cancer has become increasingly popular in recent years. The authors employed this method, using a combination of cisplatin, mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil, and ethiodized oil (Lipiodol) or absorbable gelatin sponge in 30 patients with huge liver cancers (diameter range, 5.6-12.0 cm) as a preliminary treatment before liver resection. Significant tumor regression occurred after this treatment, converting these tumors into resectable lesions that were excised successfully later. Before surgery, chemoembolization was done once every 4-6 weeks. The patients underwent 1-5 treatment sessions (mean, 2.9) and then waited 1-4 months (mean, 2.4 months) before undergoing surgery. Alpha-fetoprotein levels decreased to normal in seven patients. The tumor diameters were reduced by 31.6 +/- 15.2% (2.3 +/- 1.2 cm) and the percent tumor necrotic area ranged from 40-100%. Adhesions of the tumor to the diaphragm and thickening of the hepatoduodenal ligament and gallbladder wall were the primary operative findings, but they did not significantly complicate the surgery. There was one postoperative death from acute pulmonary embolism. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 88.89%, 77.03%, and 77.03%, respectively. Although these patients still are being followed to assess their long-term survival, this treatment appears promising for patients with advanced huge liver cancers who hitherto have been denied surgery on grounds of unresectability.
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PMID:Experience with liver resection after hepatic arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. 838 Jan 23

The case of a child with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma that did not respond to systemic chemotherapy is presented. Three courses of chemoembolization (hepatic arterial chemoembolization) were given, with partial tumor response. The hepatic artery was cannulated via the femoral artery using the Seldinger technique. Arteriography was performed, and chemoembolization suspension (cisplatin + doxorubicin + mitomycin mixed with Lipiodol) was injected. After the third hepatic arterial chemoembolization, the patient developed fatal pulmonary oil embolism. Hepatic arterial chemoembolization seems to be a useful method for treatment of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma cases, which can induce responses, even in metastatic patients refractory to standard systemic chemotherapy. However, it may result in pulmonary embolism, which is a potentially fatal complication. In children, Lipiodol should be used as an embolizing material and cytostatic carrier with extreme care. Consideration should be given to replacing it with other materials, including albumin or collagen.
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PMID:Pulmonary embolism: a fatal complication of arterial chemoembolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. 1622

Lymphoscintigraphy has introduced with the great advantage for diagnostic imaging of the lymphatic flow disorders. Lymphoscintigraphy can be performed in patients of any age, including neonates, and even in patient in critical conditions. The procedure is quite simple, and it needs only subcutaneous injection of small amounts of radiotracers. From subcutaneous tissue the radiotracer is taken by the lymphatic vessels and gives off energy in the form of gamma radiation detected by a gamma camera. Radiotracers rarely cause the allergic reaction and can be administered to the patients with allergy to iodine contrast media. Comparing with the Lipiodol, radiotracers cannot cause pulmonary embolism; therefore, it is safe for the patients with respiratory dysfunction. The objective of this article is to describe the indication, technique, equipment, pitfalls, safety, and effectiveness of lymphoscintigraphy for imaging of the lymphatic flow disorders.
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PMID:Lymphoscintigraphy for Imaging of the Lymphatic Flow Disorders. 2799 22