Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute, life-threatening complications of lung transplantation are common in all reported series. The clinical courses and images of 70 patients who underwent heart-lung (n = 5), bilateral sequential lung (n = 31), or single-lung (n = 38) transplantation were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty-five acute, life-threatening complications occurred in 26 patients (37%) within 3 months after transplantation. Nine deaths occurred as a result of these complications for a mortality rate due to acute complications of 13%. The deaths were a result of bleeding (n = 4), sepsis (n = 2), severe acute rejection and adult respiratory distress syndrome (n = 1), multiorgan failure (n = 1), and diffuse alveolar damage and respiratory failure (n = 1), a distribution of causes similar to those in other reported series. Specific diagnoses that can be made with imaging include hemothorax, lung torsion, pneumomediastinum, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, bronchial anastomotic dehiscence, lung collapse, paralysis of the diaphragm, and sternal dehiscence.
 ...
PMID:Acute, life-threatening complications of lung transplantation. 946 Jan 7

The problem of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the aged impends on 14% of the adult population in the Slovak Republic and it often involves people who are still effectively active. It is now generally known that a person ill with his heart is never too old to benefit from the stratification of his/her cardiovascular risk. In clinical practice it is possible to suggest to use the combination of non-invasive methods as the first step in basic stratification of risk in the aged (Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiographically assessed ejection fraction of the left ventricle, ergometric test). Regarding the prevention of SCD it is necessary to teach the patients at risk to distinguish the symptoms of the impending collapse/SCD. After myocardial infarction, also in the aged, the therapy by acetylosalicylic acid, Beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors is indicated. There are fewer contraindications to this therapy than it has been presented until now. Antiarrhythmic drugs class I are not to be used. Also in the aged, regarding the prevention of tachycardiac SCD, the most prospective antiarrhythmic drugs are amiodaron and sotalol. The attention should be paid also to other factors in coincidence with sudden cardiac death that can be influenced by therapy (consequential antiischaemic therapy, homeostasis of the internal environment, early cardiostimulatory therapy of bradycardiac disturbances of rhythm, optimal timing of surgical therapy of valvular defects if indicated, prevention of pulmonary embolism, etc.). In the aged it is necessary to create a wider space in the field of invasive cardiological therapy. In general it is possible to state that the knowledge on etiopathogenetic stratification and specific characteristics of prevention and therapy of SCD in the aged are limited. This fact only emphasizes the inevitability to concentrate on the research in this area.
 ...
PMID:[Sudden cardiac death in the aged]. 947 34

The right atrium and the right ventricle of fifty-five patients were imaged with transesophageal echocardiography during fifty-nine total knee arthroplasties performed with cement and the use of general anesthesia. The patients ranged in age from thirty-two to eighty-three years (mean, 65.5 years). Cardiopulmonary parameters were measured with use of hemodynamic monitoring systems, such as pulse oximeters, pulmonary artery catheters, and radial artery catheters. In addition, a femoral vein catheter was inserted on the side of the operation in ten of the fifty-five patients. Showers of echogenic material traversing the right atrium, the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery after the tourniquet was deflated were observed to various degrees in all patients and lasted three to fifteen minutes. The mean peak intensity occurred within thirty seconds (range, twenty-four to forty-five seconds) after the tourniquet was released. The mean mixed venous oxygen saturation (and standard error of the mean) decreased (from 83+/-0.9 to 72+/-1.5 per cent) and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increased (from 20+/-1.0 to 27+/-1.0 millimeters of mercury [2.67+/-0.13 to 3.60+/-0.13 kilopascals]), compared with the values before the tourniquet was released, in all patients. The pulmonary vascular resistance index increased after release of the tourniquet (to a maximum of 328+/-29 dyne.s.cm(-5).m2; p = 0.00002) only in the patients who had echogenic material that was at least 0.5 centimeter in diameter. Clinical pulmonary embolism developed postoperatively in three patients; all three had had echogenic particles that were more than 0.5 centimeter in maximum diameter on imaging. Blood aspirated from one of the pulmonary artery catheters and from five of the ten femoral vein catheters demonstrated fresh venous thrombus. Histological evaluation of the aspirates failed to demonstrate fat, marrow, or particles of polymethylmethacrylate. Surgeons should consider acute pulmonary embolism as a diagnosis when evaluating a patient who has hemodynamic collapse during total knee arthroplasty performed with cement.
 ...
PMID:Emboli observed with use of transesophageal echocardiography immediately after tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty with cement. 953 Dec 7

An 80 year old patient with known interstitial pneumopathy of unknown etiology was hospitalized because of acute onset and rapid deterioration of dyspnea at rest within days. A foregoing neurologic investigation including CT and EEG because of prior syncopes and cramp attacks had not revealed pathologic findings. Thorax X-ray at admission showed homogenous loss of transparency on the left side, calcified basal plaques on both sides and prominent central pulmonary vessels with jumping caliber. A punctate of the leftsided pleural effusion revealed lymphocytic exsudate, normal pH, low glucose and an elevated LDH. The patient died shortly after a collapse at a bowel visit and pulmonary embolism was suspected in accordance to results from arterial blood gas analysis, ECG and chest X-ray. Neurologic symptoms could be explained by recurrent pulmonary embolism. Pleural plaques together with the punctate suggested a malignant etiology. A mesothelioma was taken into consideration, although there were no anamnestic reports on an exposition to asbestos. Autopsy revealed almost complete central embolism of the left pulmonary artery with acute cor pulmonale thus confirming the clinical suspicion. The embolus showed components of different ages of origin. Besides bronchitic and emphysematous alteration histology of the pulmonary tissue revealed interstitial and septal fibrosis with focal tissue consolidation. In one giant cell a typical asbestos body was found (in 1 out of 10 sections). In spite of missing information on an exposition to asbestos an abnormally high exposition must be taken into consideration because of the finding of an asbestos particle in relation to the amount of tissue studied. Apart from interstitial fibrosis asbestos may also cause consolidation of pulmonary tissue. Histology of plaquelike lesions revealed mesothelioma of fibrous type. This finding supports the suspicion that a major part of the pulmonary lesions was due to exposition to asbestos.
 ...
PMID:[Central lung embolism in chronic interstitial pneumopathy]. 960 19

A 38-year-old female is described, who was admitted with increasing respiratory distress, cough and visible blood stasis in the jugular veins. The most likely diagnosis in this young women taking oral contraceptives was pulmonary embolism, however, a ventilation-perfusion lung scan was normal. Echocardiography showed a dilated right ventricle and increased systolic pulmonary pressure. Despite administration of oxygen and intravenous heparin the patient died in circulatory collapse before further investigations could be initiated. Post-mortem examination revealed diffuse adenocarcinoma of the stomach (linitis plastica) with metastasis to local lymphnodes, lymphangiosis carcinomatosa of the liver, pancreas and spleen and tumour cell masses within the lumen of small pulmonary arteries leading to variable occlusions of the vessels. Fibrocellular intimal proliferation was found, leading to further obstruction and increased resistance to flow through the pulmonary vascular bed and to subacute cor pulmonale.
 ...
PMID:Lethal pulmonary hypertension in a young woman caused by unrecognized haemangiosis carcinomatosa. 962 64

Two patients had fatal fat pulmonary embolism during bipolar hip endoprosthesis. Two women, 71-year-old and 76-year-old, with femoral neck fracture underwent bipolar hip endoprosthesis under combined lumbar epidural/general anesthesia. Soon after the placement of bone cement and a femoral stem with a bipolar endoprosthesis in the femoral shaft, the patients developed circulatory collapse. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation did not restore adequate circulation and the patients died 3.5 hours and 1 hour thereafter, respectively. Pathological examination revealed the presence of fat particles within the entire pulmonary arteries, arterioles and capillaries. Main cause of the present pulmonary fat embolism may be an increase in the intramedullary pressure during cement pressurization and femoral stem placement. Anesthetists have to be aware of occurrence of this serious syndrome during bipolar hip endoprosthesis. For earlier detection of this serious complication we recommend to monitor central venous pressure and pulmonary artery pressure in patients undergoing bipolar hip endoprosthesis.
 ...
PMID:[Pulmonary fat embolism during bipolar hip endoprosthesis]. 985 98

Mechanical thrombectomy of a large central thrombus in massive pulmonary embolism is a new option for the treatment of this serious condition. The special mechanical devices designed to fragmentize a blood clot include the Arrow-Trerotola percutaneous thrombolytic device (PTD), the use of which in the pulmonary arteries has not yet been reported. The case of massive embolism into the left pulmonary artery with subsequent collapse is to demonstrate the immediately clinically successful treatment using the PTD. Our initial experience with the PTD shows that its use is a safe and quick procedure.
 ...
PMID:Mechanical thrombectomy of massive pulmonary embolism using an Arrow-Trerotola percutaneous thrombolytic device. 986 88

From 1970 through 1986, a total of 18,104 Charnley low-friction arthroplasties were performed; of these, 122 deaths occurred from pulmonary embolism within 1 year of surgery. Diagnosis was confirmed by postmortem examination in 71% of cases. The exact time of the onset of the complication was recorded in 90 cases. In 74 (82%) cases, the time of collapse occurred during the 7-hour period from 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM, and in 16 (18%) cases, it occurred in the 17-hour period from 4:00 PM to 9:00 AM. The patient's activity at the time of collapse was recorded in 73 cases. Sixty (82%) were mobile, 3 were in the bathroom, and 10 (14%) were in bed. Sixty-six (70.2%) patients died within 1 hour of the onset of symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Fatal pulmonary embolism after total hip arthroplasty: diurnal variations. 986 1

Case report on a 72 year old female patient presenting with collapse and progressive dyspnea. X-ray of the chest showed a marked enlargement of the heart extending to the right. Echocardiography revealed an impressive displacement of the heart chambers to the left caused by a large aneurysm (11 x 5 x 5 cm) located anteriorly and medially from the right heart communicating with the right atrium. Pronounced compression of the basal part of the right ventricle was present. Within the aneurysmatic cavity several highly mobile thrombi and extensive spontaneous echo contrast were demonstrated. On magnetic resonance imaging and right heart angiocardiography the aneurysm was visualized as well. Coronary angiography revealed a marked curved displacement of the right coronary artery to the left side. Perfusion lung scanning suggested bilateral segmental pulmonary embolism proven by digital substraction angiography. With long-term oral anticoagulation the patient remained symptom-free during follow-up of now more than four years.
 ...
PMID:[Large right atrial aneurysm: rare cause of recurrent pulmonary embolism]. 988 83

A 32-year-old female is described, who was admitted with symptoms of severe right heart failure. The most likely diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was excluded. Echocardiography and left-right catheterisation confirmed the diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension. A possible mediator in the process of PPH could be the appetite suppressants she had taken for some months after her second pregnancy. Before further pharmacologic tests could be performed the patient died in circulatory collapse. Postmortem pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PPH by the presence of narrowed pulmonary arterioles, media hypertrophy, thrombotic lesions and normal surrounding pulmonary parenchyma. The literature on primary pulmonary hypertension is revised with special emphasis on diagnosis and treatment algorithms.
 ...
PMID:Primary pulmonary hypertension with fatal outcome in a young woman and review of the literature. 1021 74


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>