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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Background. Primary pulmonary artery sarcomas are very rare and their histologic type, called leiomyosarcoma, is even rarer. Case Report. A 64-year-old woman presented with progressive weakness, fatigue, malaise, and dyspnea, and a marked elevation of pulmonary artery pressure was admitted. She was initially diagnosed with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that lobulated heterogeneous left hilar mass extended to precarinal and subcarinal space. MRI demonstrated a polypoid lesion at trunk with extension to left main pulmonary artery and its first branch. She was operated, a yellowish-shiny solid mass in pulmonary trunk was seen intraoperatively, and pulmonary endarterectomy was performed. Her tumor was pathologically diagnosed as pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma. She died 3 months later after one chemotherapy course. Conclusion. Initially, the patient underwent surgery due to pulmonary embolism but, during the operation, the observed mass increased the probability of pulmonary artery neoplasm. Clinicians must consider pulmonary artery sarcoma when making the differential diagnosis for patients with pulmonary arteries masses. In addition to clinical prediction scores and CT and MRI findings to identify the patients with pulmonary artery sarcoma, PET scanning is the diagnosis of choice in differentiating embolism and neoplasm and is strongly recommended in these patients.
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PMID:Pulmonary Hypertension due to a Pulmonary Artery Leiomyosarcoma: A Case Report. 2360 29

Soft-tissue sarcomas are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin. Patients with metastatic disease have a median survival of about 10 months. Doxorubicin, an anthracycline, is often used to reduce tumour volume, but it does not prolong overall survival. Pazopanib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor already marketed for kidney cancer, is now licensed for the treatment of certain metastatic soft-tissue sarcomas when chemotherapy fails or when the disease progresses despite adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. Clinical evaluation of pazopanib in this setting is based on a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 369 patients whose tumours had progressed despite at least one line of chemotherapy, based on an anthracycline. In this trial, pazopanib did not provide a statistically significant increase in overall survival. The median survival time was about 12 months. A statistically significant increase in median progression-free survival was observed (4.6 versus 1.6 months, an increase of 3 months), based mainly on radiological criteria. Pazopanib did not improve quality of life. The adverse effect profile includes cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders, and palmoplantar erythrodysaesthesia. Serious adverse effects are frequent. Other life-threatening adverse effects observed in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma include pneumothorax (especially in case of pulmonary metastasis), heart failure, venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and hypothyroidism. In practice, given its lack of any proven impact on overall survival and its excessive toxicity, the use of pazopanib is not justified. It is better to focus on appropriate symptomatic care in order to preserve these patients' quality of life.
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PMID:Pazopanib and soft-tissue sarcomas. Too toxic. 2386 45

Following a brief introduction covering the clinical signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension (PH), its most recent classification into six groups, and the computed tomography (CT) features common to all forms of PH, this paper illustrates the typical patterns that can be found on chest radiography and CT in rare causes of PH. We present and compare with the existing literature our personal series of cases of rare forms of PH, found in the following diseases: veno-occlusive disease, pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis, non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism (tumour embolism and carcinomatous lymphangitis, talcosis, hydatid disease), pulmonary artery sarcoma, neurofibromatosis, sarcoidosis, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Rare forms of PH show low incidence and prevalence, and are, therefore, poorly recognised. Their diagnosis is a challenge for clinicians, pathologists, and radiologists, and any additional knowledge about the CT findings may help the diagnosis in the case of patients affected by PH of unknown origin.
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PMID:Rare causes of pulmonary hypertension: spectrum of radiological findings and review of the literature. 2423 82

Primary myofibroblastic sarcomas of the pulmonary artery are very uncommon, but early detection is critical. Common clinical symptoms include shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and syncope. Patients diagnosed with a pulmonary tumor have a high risk of fatal pulmonary embolism. In this case study, we identified and diagnosed pulmonary artery myofibroblastic sarcoma in a young man by its imaging and pathologic characters. Surgery to excise the tumor was successfully performed and the operation was considered to have improved his prognosis. Postoperative examinations did not show any evidence of residual tumor, recurrence, or metastasis in the lungs or cardiac tissue. Based on the results of this case study, we concluded that the imaging and pathologic features of primary pulmonary artery myofibroblastic sarcoma can assist physicians in making a prompt diagnosis and an immediate surgical and treatment plan to greatly improve prognosis.
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PMID:A rare case of primary pulmonary artery myofibroblastic sarcoma--imaging and pathologic features. 2436 Jun 30

In this report, we present a case of spindle cell sarcoma of the pulmonary artery diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the youngest reported case of pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) to date. PAS is frequently confused for pulmonary embolism; in this case, echocardiographic findings allowed for differentiation between pulmonary embolism and solid tumor.
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PMID:Transthoracic echocardiographic assessment of spindle cell sarcoma of the pulmonary artery in a child. 2460 27

Pulmonary artery sarcoma is a rare disease with poor prognosis that has not been reported in Hong Kong. Its clinical and radiological presentation frequently mimics pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis is usually delayed until surgery, which is the treatment option that provides the best survival. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is an effective non-surgical technique for lymph node staging of lung cancer and diagnosis of mediastinal lesions via bronchoscopy. Here we discuss a case of pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed by this method, the second one in the literature, which serves to illustrate its potential use for early and minimally invasive diagnosis of the condition. Although such aspiration is a safe procedure, tissue sampling of extravascular extensions is advisable wherever possible.
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PMID:Pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. 2471 69

We present a rare case of pulmonary intimal sarcoma mimicking pulmonary embolism in a 40-year-old woman. Although extremely rare, these tumors must be considered in patients who present inappropriate imaging findings that suggest embolism. Chest computed tomography is the modality of choice to determine the extent of the tumor. We present a female patient with suspected embolism that was in fact found to be an endothelial sarcoma of the pulmonary arteries.
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PMID:Pulmonary intimal sarcoma: a rare differential diagnosis for arterial filling defects on a chest CT. 2477 2

Pulmonary artery sarcomas (PAS) are rare tumors with a poor prognosis. They are often misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism (PE) leading to futile anticoagulation treatment and delay in proper diagnosis. We present a case of a patient who was initially misdiagnosed and anticoagulated for presumed pulmonary embolism. Progressive symptoms and additional imaging led to the diagnosis of intimal pulmonary artery sarcoma for which he underwent surgical resection. This case serves as a reminder to consider pulmonary artery sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of patients with dyspnea and filling defects on CT pulmonary angiogram offering the potential for resection prior to metastasis.
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PMID:Unresolved pulmonary embolism leading to a diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma. 2492 84

60-year-old female who complained of severe dyspnea was admitted with a diagnosis of massive pulmonary embolism. An emergency operation was undertaken due to right side heart failure. Under extracorporeal circulation with beating heart, large, white and smooth surface mass which was originated from right pulmonary artery was removed. Pathology of the mass showed low differentiated sarcoma. No evidence of other primary lesion by positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) suggested primary pulmonary artery sarcoma. We scheduled total resection of the right lung, however postoperative CT showed large mass occupying from right pulmonary artery to main pulmonary trunk. Palliative chemo radiation therapy was introduced. Pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking pulmonary thromboembolism is so malignant that the diagnosis and treatment should not be delayed.
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PMID:[Bilateral pulmonary artery occlusion due to primary pulmonary artery sarcoma; report of a case]. 2513 32

Primary sarcomas that arise from major blood vessels are exceedingly rare, and some of the published cases have been autopsy reports. Most patients are adults. We report a case of pulmonary artery sarcoma in a 77-year-old man who presented with acute onset of dyspnea. Magnetic resonance imaging of the chest revealed a large mass within the pulmonary trunk and its main branches. Because massive pulmonary embolism was suspected, both anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapies were initiated. The patient responded poorly to these therapies, which then necessitated resection of both the mass and the pulmonary valve. A bioprosthetic porcine valve replaced the native valve, and we reconstructed the right ventricular outflow tract with a Dacron patch. Histopathologic examination revealed a high-grade sarcoma with focal myogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was discharged from the hospital on postoperative day 7. He was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and radiation and continued to show no evidence of disease. The diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma should be suspected in patients who present with manifestations of pulmonary embolism, especially when there is no evidence of deep venous thrombosis and poor response to anticoagulant therapy. Multimodal therapy can provide prolonged survival.
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PMID:Pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking pulmonary embolism. 2542 85


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