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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Abnormal radionuclide phlebograms were found in 65 patients in whom simultaneous-perfusion lung scintigrams and phlebograms were performed. All these patients were on adequate treatment with heparin for deep venous thrombosis. In 28% of the cases, the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made because they had abnormal perfusion lung scans with normal chest radiograph and clinical symptoms of pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:Incidence of pulmonary embolism in deep venous thrombosis. 67 70

The iliac compression syndrome is caused by impaired venous drainage of the left leg, secondary to compression or stricture of the left iliac vein at, or just before, its junction with inferior vena cava. Serious potential complications are deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, venous congestion, and the resultant incapacity. Nine patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed by iliac phlebography are described. Iliac pressure determinations were made in 7 patients. Four patinets underwent resection, and retroplacement of the right iliac artery behind the left iliac vein. The operative results were good. This rare syndrome should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral venous disease, as it can be treated in the early stages. If it is left untreated, there is a risk of pulmonary embolism or incapacitating peripheral vascular disease.
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PMID:The iliac compression syndrome. 69 50

To refine 1974 results on venous thrombosis and oral contraceptives (OCs) from a prospective study begun in 1968 comparing 23,000 women using OCs with 23,000 controls, women with known preexisting conditions relevant to thrombosis were excluded. Rates in each contraceptive category (users, ex-users, and controls) were indirectly standardized for age, parity, cigarette consumption, and social class. The relative risk (users to nonusers) of deep vein thrombosis was 4.17; for superficial vein thrombosis, it was 2.41. For other thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, trends were similar but the differences were not significant. Rates of ex-users did not differ significantly from the controls, implying no persistent risk after OC use ends. Superficial thrombosis correlated significantly with age, parity, and estrogen dose and progesterone content of OCs, but deep vein thrombosis did not. The risk of superficial thrombosis was significantly increased in users and nonusers with severe varicose veins, and increased with the severity; no significant relationship was found with deep vein thrombosis.
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PMID:Oral contraceptives, venous thrombosis, and varicose veins. Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study. 70 53

We applied the standard treatment with streptokinase to 52 cases of deep venous thrombosis and 35 cases pulmonary embolism. Angiography demonstrated total lysis of the clot 22 times, partial lysis 42 times, and no lysis 23 times. The absence of lysis was more frequent in venous clots than in pulmonary clots. Early treatment was more effective, achieving complete lysis in 21 of 22 cases. Nevertheless, in deep venous thrombosis, late treatment can result in partial lysis and set an important venous junction free. With the standard treatment, the biologic controls showed good lysis in 75% of the cases, insufficient lysis in 15%, and no lysis in 10%. The extent of the thrombosis is an important point. The clot was totally lysed in 9 of 10 cases of localized deep venous thrombosis. In patients with pulmonary embolism, about 30% of the obstructed surface is cleared. Nevertheless, in such cases we must take into consideration not only the nonperfused pulmonary area, but also the venous starting point of the clot.
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PMID:Treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism by streptokinase. 72 63

Fifty acute SCI patients are reviewed retrospectively for incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and the problems encountered in the diagnosis. The possible role of some risk factors in triggering thromboembolism and the consequent implications in anticoagulant therapy are discussed.
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PMID:Experience with the management of thromboembolism in patients with spinal cord injury: Part I. Incidence, diagnosis and role of some risk factors. 73 16

Fibronogen labelled with I125 iodine has been used as an epidemiological tool to study deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in Lusaka, Zambia. Twenty highly selected patients were studied; data was complete in 18. Six were positive. None had clinical evidence of DVT and pulmonary embolism. However the results, which should be interpreted with much caution, remain to be confirmed and their clinical significance determined.
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PMID:Diagnosis of venous thrombosis using 125 I-fibrinogen in Zambia. 75 1

28 prospective, controlled, randomised studies on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in surgical patients on dextran 70 prophylaxis are analysed. In all patients the diagnosis had been established by objective methods (fibrinogen test, phlebography, autopsy). In patients undergoing hip surgery (11 studies, mainly fractures of the upper end of the femur) the reduction in the number of DVT under dextran prophylaxis is the more evident the longer after operation phlebography is carried out. Coumarin and dextran prevention are equally effective. In 3 studies where diagnosis by the fibrinogen test was established during the first postoperative week only, no significant effect of dextran can be shown; there is no difference between the effect of dextran, coumarin or small doses of subcutaneous heparin. The effectiveness of dextran prophylaxis in reducing the DVT rate in general surgery (4 papers) is not clear, though 7 studies show that the number of fatal PE is reduced more than fivefold (p less than 0.0005). In patients on dextran prophylaxis, the incidence of DVT is equal to that in patients on coumarin prophylaxis before major gynecological surgery (4 papers). On postoperative initiation coumarin is significantly less effective than dextran. 2 further studies show that dextran is significantly effective as compared to controls and that there is no difference between dextran and heparin prophylaxis. Out of 1932 control patients 36 died of fatal PE verified at autopsy. Only 8 PE were seen in the group of 2011 patients receiving dextran prophylaxis (p less than 0.005). The effectiveness of dextran 70 corresponds to that of small doses of subcutaneous heparin. Dextran prevention is more effective in women than in men. Dextran prophylaxis is simple to carry out, has few contraindications, only rarely causes complications and is already effective during operation.
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PMID:[The value of dextran 70 in the prevention of thromboembolism in general surgery, orthopedics, urology and gynecology. A review of the literature]. 76 76

One hundred and ten female patients, over the age of 60, with intertrochanteric or transcervical fractures were included in a controlled, randomized, clinical trial investigating the value of low dosage heparin in the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis. There were 50 completed pairs. Eight (16 per cent) deep vein thromboses occurred in the heparinized group compared with 23 (46 per cent) deep vein thromboses in the control group. The incidence of pulmonary embolism was also reduced. The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis was made on clinical grounds, supplemented by phlebography and autopsy. There was no difference in the wound hematoma or infection rate. The heparin was commenced on admission to hospital and it is suggested that in this group of patients low dosage heparin prophylaxis should start on admission and not wait until surgery.
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PMID:The value of low dosage heparin for the prophylaxis of thromboembolism in patients with transcervical and intertrochanteric femoral fractures. 78 46

Postoperative deep vein thrombosis has been demonstrated in four out of seven (57%) unselected patients undergoing homograft cadaveric renal transplantation, with pulmonary embolism in one. The diagnosis being made by using the combined 125I-fibrinogen and Doppler ultrasound techniques. The late onset of the deep vein thrombosis may be due to the heparin given interoperatively and postoperatively which acted as a prophylactic agent.
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PMID:Deep vein thrombosis after renal transplantation. 78 59

Detailed analysis of the clinical data and autopsy material of 100 consecutive renal transplant recipients revealed significant thromboembolic disease in 25 patients and a total of 41 complications. In six of them, thromboembolism was associated with sepsis. Nine patients died (20% of total number of deaths) due to a primary thromboembolic event. The incidence of pulmonary embolism was 14%; myocardial infarction, 3%; cerebrovascular disease, 4%; renal artery thrombosis, 2%; renal vein thrombosis, 3%; thrombophlebitis/deep vein thrombosis, 13%; and miscellaneous, 2%. The incidence of thromboembolism was higher in patients older than 40 years of age (P = .02) and during the earlier months after transplantation. We summarize the general incidence and mortality related to thromboembolism and discuss the factors predisposing the graft recipient to thromboembolic disease. Prevention and therapy of this complication should decrease the morbidity and mortality in graft recipients and enhance the success of renal transplantation.
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PMID:Thromboembolic disease in renal allograft recipients. What is its clinical significance? 78 76


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