Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although antiphospholipid antibodies are commonly detected in patients with HIV disease, the clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome are uncommon. The authors describe a woman with HIV and elevated antiphospholipid antibody levels who presented with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This case contradicts the general belief that these antibodies are not clinically significant in patients with HIV.
 ...
PMID:Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome manifesting as a deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in a patient with HIV. 1508 20

The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibody and several antibodies for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)/pulmonary embolism (PE) (n = 48), cerebral thrombosis (CT, n = 30), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 22), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP, n = 30). The presence of antibodies was examined by using the respective ELISA kits. LA was positive in 38.6% of patients with DVT/PE, suggesting that LA is one of the most important risk factors in DVT/PE. The highest prevalence of anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) IgG was in CT and SLE, followed by DVT, and none in ITP and healthy volunteers (control, n = 40), suggesting that it is related to thrombosis, particularly arterial thrombosis. The highest prevalence of anti-prothrombin (aPT) IgG antibody was in DVT, followed by CT and SLE, and none in ITP and the control, suggesting that it is related to thrombosis, especially venous thrombosis. The highest prevalence of antiphospholipid (aPL) IgG was in DVT, CT, and SLE, but 0% in ITP and control. On the other hand, aPL IgM, anti-annexin V IgG, and anti-annexin V IgM were positive in patients both with and without thrombosis, suggesting that they are not related to thrombosis. Our results indicated that among the anti-phospholipid antibodies, LA is the most sensitive marker for APS while anti-beta(2)GPI IgG, aPT IgG, and aPL IgG are risk factors for thrombosis. In particular, aPT IgG is a significant marker for DVT/PE.
 ...
PMID:High prevalence of anti-prothrombin antibody in patients with deep vein thrombosis. 1528 65

An 11-year-old girl developed proximal deep venous thrombosis and bilateral pulmonary embolism associated with antiphospholipid syndrome following chickenpox. She responded to prolonged anticoagulation therapy.
 ...
PMID:Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following chickenpox. 1547 79

We present a 15-year-old boy with massive venous thrombosis who was admitted to hospital with non-specific complaints. Transesophageal echocardiography and spiral computer tomography showed pulmonary embolism. A coagulation screen was performed to identify hypercoagulability. Lupus anticoagulant was detected and the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome was established. Therapeutic options in such condition are discussed and review of the relevant literature is presented.
 ...
PMID:[Venous thromboembolism in a 15-years old boy with antiphospholipid syndrome]. 1577 36

Making decisions about any modality of secondary prophylaxis in patients with venous thromobembolism (VTE) has to balance the risk of bleeding induced by anticoagulants against the benefit of reducing the risk of recurrent disease. It has to be kept in mind that the magnitude of risk is not only defined by the number of events per time period but also by the impact of the event on the fate of the patient. With standard intensity Vitamin K antagonists, the risk of bleeding is more closely related to comorbidities than to other factors, e.g. age. The risk of VTE recurrence differs largely between patient groups. The criterion of presence, or absence of a permanent or transient clinical trigger factor for the actual VTE episode has a greater impact than an abnormal result in thrombophilia testing. The standard period ofsecondary prophylaxis for proximal deep vein thrombosis and for pulmonary embolism is three to six months. The concept of prolonging this period for several months according to the risk of recurrence is seriously challanged by the observation that the prolongation period seems to delay recurrencies rather than truly avoiding them. For this reason, patients who clearly are threatened by recurrent episodes should receive indefinitive secondary prophylaxis. This is the case for cancer patients, patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome, and those who belong to families with severe and symptomatic protein C, protein S, or antithrombin deficiencies. Patients with recurrent VTE, with idiopathic VTE, or with combined thrombophilic conditions may only benefit from indefinitive secondary prophylaxis if the bleeding risk of the anticoagulant regimen under consideration is very low.
 ...
PMID:Secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. 1578 31

Myocardial infarction in a 24-year-old woman with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome - a case report. A case of a 24-year-old female patient with a secondary antiphospholipid syndrome is described. She had a history of pulmonary embolism occurring after miscarriage. One month later she was admitted to the hospital due to acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed distal occlusions in the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries. Angioplasty was not effective. She received thrombolysis, heparin and finally improved after administration of high doses of corticosteroids. She was discharged from hospital, however, died four weeks later. The treatment and complications of the antiphospholipid syndrome are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Myocardial infarction in a 24-year-old woman with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome -- a case report]. 1584 Nov 19

We retrospectively studied a large cohort of patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) from 4 different referral centers to analyze the clinical and serologic features and, specifically, to determine the number of patients going on to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or other autoimmune disease after long-term follow-up. The study included 128 unselected patients with primary APS who fulfilled the Sapporo International Criteria from 4 different tertiary hospitals in the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Spain. The patients had attended the referral centers between January 1987 and July 2001. We reviewed clinical and serologic characteristics according to a pre-established protocol. We used univariate analysis with the chi-squared or Fisher exact test and logistic regression to analyze possible factors related to the coexistence of SLE and APS. Ninety-seven female and 31 male patients fulfilled the criteria, with a median age of 42 +/- 12 years (range, 16-79 yr), and with a mean follow-up of 9 +/- 3 years (range, 2-15 yr). The main manifestations included deep vein thrombosis in 62 patients (48%), arterial thrombosis in 63 (49%) patients, pregnancy loss in 177/320 (55%) cases, and pulmonary embolism in 37 (30%) patients. Other clinical manifestations were migraine in 51 (40%) patients, thrombocytopenia in 48 (38%), livedo reticularis in 47 (37%), and valvular disease in 27 (21%). Serologic findings were anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) IgG positive in 110 (86%) patients, aCL IgM in 36 (39%), lupus anticoagulant in 71 (65%), antinuclear antibodies in 47 (37%), and positive Coombs test in 5 (4%) patients. During the follow-up and after a median disease duration of 8.2 years (range, 1-14 yr), 11 (8%) patients developed SLE, 6 (5%) developed lupus-like disease, and 1 (1%) developed myasthenia gravis. The remaining 110 patients (86%) continued to have primary APS. After the univariate analysis, a family history of lupus, the presence of Raynaud phenomenon, migraine, psychiatric features, multiple sclerosis-like features, hemolytic anemia, low C3 and C4, and Coombs positivity conferred a statistically significant risk for the subsequent development of SLE (p < 0.05). Only the presence of Coombs positivity had statistical significance (odds ratio, 66.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-2714; p = 0.027) after the logistic regression evaluation. The current study confirms that progression from primary APS to SLE or lupus-like disease is unusual, even after a long follow-up. Only 3 patients developed anti-dsDNA antibodies. The presence of a positive Coombs test might be a marker for the development of SLE in patients with primary APS.
 ...
PMID:Long-term follow-up in 128 patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome: do they develop lupus? 1601 Feb 7

Pulmonary capillaritis and alveolar hemorrhage are rare yet serious and life threatening complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Pulmonary manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are similar and include, apart from pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary capillaritis, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and respiratory insufficiency in patients with catastrophic APS. Herein, we described the radiological features of three patients with pulmonary and SLE-associated APS, manifested with pulmonary edema, capillaritis and alveolar hemorrhage. We observed that the radiological features of pulmonary APS shared close resemblance to those of pulmonary SLE. Based on these findings, we conclude that both entities are not only histologically, but also radiologically indistinguishable from each other, suggesting a mutual pathogenetic mechanism. This raises the question of whether some of the reported lupus pneumonitis cases in the past might be manifestations of APS rather than of SLE.
 ...
PMID:Acute pulmonary edema, capillaritis and alveolar hemorrhage: pulmonary manifestations coexistent in antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus? 1613 May 14

The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is associated with arterial and venous thrombosis. A young female with initial presentation of dyspnea and cough that lasted for days is reported. A computed tomographic scan of her chest and echocardiography showed features of thrombus formation over the right atrium, complicated with pulmonary thromboembolism. Antiphospholipid syndrome was diagnosed according to elevated activated partial thromboplastin time, high serum titers of anticardiolipin antibody, and the presence of intracardiac thrombus with pulmonary embolism. This thrombus was subsequently removed successfully with surgical intervention, and the patient's recovery was uneventful.
 ...
PMID:Antiphospholipid syndrome presenting as intracardiac thrombus with pulmonary embolism. 1619 33

In patients at risk for pulmonary emboli, consideration is often given to placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter to prevent propagation of a distal thrombus. However, long-term benefits remain controversial, and deep venous thrombosis and IVC thrombosis may result from the procedure itself. Whether a filter if beneficial or even detrimental in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is unclear. We reviewed clinical outcomes in 2 patients who had IVC filter placement years before the diagnosis of the APS and 1 who had a contraindication to anticoagulation. Recurrent pulmonary emboli were seen despite the presence of the filter. IVC pathology sometimes revealed thrombus both proximal and distal to the IVC filter. Pulmonary emboli in the APS may be secondary to deep venous thrombosis (DVT). They may also occur secondary to a cardiac source or in situ thrombosis in the pulmonary vessels. An IVC filter will not be of benefit if the heart or the lungs are the primary source for the emboli. It may also not protect against propagation of a more distal thrombus if collateral vessels develop around the filter or a thrombus is present on the proximal side of the filter. Recurrence of pulmonary emboli after a filter placement should alert the clinician to the possibility of a hypercoagulable state such as APS. Clinicians need to assess risks and benefits carefully before placing a permanent IVC filter in patients with APS. Whether a temporary or retrievable filter is safer in APS and more effective is unknown at the present time.
 ...
PMID:Recurrent pulmonary embolism despite inferior vena cava filter placement in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome. 1635 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>