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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Radionuclide diagnostic imaging is an important adjunct to the diagnosis and treatment of several conditions that present to the emergency department. The emergency physician should be able to properly apply these tests. A normal radionuclide perfusion lung scan can reliably rule out pulmonary embolism. The use of the radionuclide ventilation lung scan may help interpretation of a perfusion lung scan that is of intermediate probability for pulmonary embolism. A radionuclide venogram of the lower extremities is both sensitive and accurate for detecting the presence of deep venous thrombosis. A radionuclide testicular scan is invaluable in the workup of the acute scrotum, as long as the test is available in a timely manner and the diagnosis has not been established by another means. A multiple-gated acquisition cardiac scan can help make the diagnosis of cardiac contusion after other causes of cardiac instability have been corrected. The renal radionuclide scan is useful in the workup of obstructive uropathy, especially if intravenous pyelography is contraindicated. The hepatobiliary nuclear scan is able to help differentiate acute cholecystitis from other causes of right upper quadrant pain. Proper and timely use of these tests can prevent serious sequelae from a missed diagnosis, and in some cases eliminate the need for invasive tests, dangerous treatment, or even exploratory surgery when it is unwarranted.
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PMID:Emergency radionuclide scans. 351 91

Children with cancer are at increased risk of life-threatening emergencies, either from the cancer itself or related to the cancer treatment. These conditions need to be assessed and treated as early as possible to minimize morbidity and mortality. Cardiothoracic emergencies encompass a variety of pathologies, including pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, massive hemoptysis, superior vena cava syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. Abdominal emergencies include bowel obstruction, intussusception, perforation, tumor rupture, intestinal graft-versus-host disease, acute pancreatitis, neutropenic colitis, and obstructive uropathy. Radiology plays a vital role in the diagnosis of these emergencies. We here review the clinical features and imaging in pediatric patients with oncologic emergencies, including a review of recently published studies. Key radiological images are presented to highlight the radiological approach to diagnosis. Pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, and pediatric radiologists need to work together to arrive at the correct diagnosis and to ensure prompt and appropriate treatment strategies.
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PMID:Pediatric oncologic emergencies: Clinical and imaging review for pediatricians. 3080 80