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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To help differentiate pulmonary embolism from other lung diseases, we measured the degradation products of fibrinogen and fibrin and soluble fibrin complexes in normal control subjects and patients with pulmonary embolism, lung cancer, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, asthma, and several miscellaneous disorders. A separate group of patients, who were suspected of having pulmonary embolism but had negative pulmonary angiography, were also tested. Many nonthromboembolic lung diseases frequently were associated with positive fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products or soluble fibrin complexes, but those with high positivity rates for one test tended to have low rates for the other test. Both fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products and soluble fibrin complexes were positive in 55 per cent of patients with pulmonary embolism but only in 4 per cent with nonthromboembolic conditions (P less than 0.001), in 7 per cent of patients with negative pulmonary angiography (P less than 0.001), and in none of the normal subjects (P less than 0.001). Both tests were negative in only 3 per cent of patients with pulmonary embolism but in 35 per cent of nonthromboembolic diseases (P less than 0.005), 54 per cent of those with negative pulmonary angiography (P less than 0.001), and 79 per cent of normal control subjects (P less than 0.001). The combination of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products and soluble fibrin complexes is more valuable than either test alone in the diagnostic separation of thromboembolic from nonthromboembolic pulmonary diseases.
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PMID:Use of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products and soluble fibrin complexes for differentiating pulmonary embolism from nonthromboembolic lung disease. 97 20

Thirty patients with spondylitis were treated by decompression of the cord (31 operations). The spondylitis was tuberculous in 28 of septic unspecific aetioloty in two cases. The results with respect to the neurological symptoms were complete recovery in 24 cases, imcomplete recovery in four cases, and failure in three cases, or in ten per cent. Transthoracic anterior decompression was found to be the safest and quickest way to obtain restitution. Out of the ten patients treated by this method, nine recovered completely. One post-operative death from pulmonary embolism occurred. One patient died because of adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal tuberculosis which could not be diagnosed during life. There were no other serious complications attributable to the operative interventions.
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PMID:Paraplegia in spondylitis: results of operative treatment. 117 13

We investigated 110 cases, selected at random out of the total of 1876 autopsies performed in the Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histology at the University of Ferrara-Arcispedale Santa Anna on patients who had died at the hospital during 1983-87. Clinical data were taken from 'necropsy request forms' filled in by clinicians and from medical records. We then evaluated the extent of agreement and disagreement, expressed as underdiagnosis (false-negative) and overdiagnosis (false-positive), between the clinical and pathological records with regard to primary disease and to cause of death. Agreement between the diagnoses was 81% for primary disease and 58% for cause of death. The diagnoses of neoplastic, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases showed the closest agreement. Among the neoplasms, those of the liver, gall-bladder, pancreas, retroperitoneal space and prostate were most often overlooked in clinical diagnoses. We had conflicting results for cancer of the lung and of the colon-rectum, for which there was a high level of agreement, but also a large number of false-positive cases and cases in which they were found by chance at autopsy. For cerebrovascular diseases, false-negative and false-positive diagnoses were seen most often for cause of death. With regard to cardiovascular diseases, a relatively uniform distribution was found for myocardial infarction among the three categories, and a high rate of agreement was found for pulmonary embolism. Of all diseases, bronchopneumonia was associated with the highest percentage of false-negative diagnoses for cause of death. Our data on digestive diseases show the strongest agreement on diagnosis of primary disease in relation to cirrhosis of the liver; a high rate of agreement on cause of death was confirmed for alimentary bleeding. Active tuberculosis was detected only at autopsy. We conclude that autopsy is a valid tool for investigation, despite the availability of sophisticated diagnostic techniques.
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PMID:Correlation of clinical diagnosis with autopsy findings. 185 55

The radiological manifestations of asbestos-related visceral pleural changes are described. Generally, visceral pleural reactions follow the mesothelial cells response to various injurious substances, including asbestos, and even saline. The changes are nonspecific. They may occur subsequent to pleural reactions associated with many conditions, which include tuberculosis, viral pleurisy, malignancy and lymphoma, lupus, or rheumatoid-induced effusions, cardiac failure, and pulmonary embolism, among other etiologies. The failure to absorb the fibrinous exudate on the visceral pleural surface can lead to the development of diffuse fibrosis of the serosal surface, interlobar pleural thickening, localized pleural filaments (strands), subpleural wedge, and lenticular-shaped masses, and could be the forerunner of lobular atelectasis (pseudotumor) formation. Some of the features are recognized on posteroanterior chest radiographs and the counterparts corroborated with the use of routine and high-resolution computed tomography studies.
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PMID:Radiological features of asbestos-related visceral pleural changes. 200 21

Hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may occur in up to 17% of cases. The vast majority of the cases are secondary to bacterial, tuberculosis or opportunistic infections. Also uremia, pulmonary embolism and lung hemorrhage must be considered. The majority of the above referred entities are usually alarming events in any patient with SLE. In contrast, we describe a patient with inactive SLE, who developed hemoptysis secondary to Paragonimus sp., which was treated "easily" with praziquantel. Fluke infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis in SLE.
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PMID:Paragonimiasis: an infrequent but treatable cause of hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus. 231 24

This study is an analysis of the reasons for hospitalisation for respiratory diseases in 1985 in the eleven departments of pneumology (SP) and departments of Internal Medicine (SMI) in the public hospitals in Paris. As well as epidemiological data systematically gathered on the discharge of the patients the number of stays for respiratory diseases, the mean duration of stay (DMS), sex, age and place of residence of the patients were studied. 59 diagnostic codes were considered as covering the overall pattern of respiratory pathology (OMS) classification at 3 levels 9th revision). Amongst those 24 were regrouped into 7 pathological groups considered as characteristic of the discipline of pneumology: asthma, chronic airflow obstruction (BPCO), malignant tumours of the respiratory tract, pulmonary embolism, respiratory infections, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. There were 30,877 inpatient stays for respiratory disease identified, representing 6.6% of all hospitalisations in the medical service of the public hospitals. 41.1% of stays were in SP and 24% in SMI. 78% of the stays in SP were for respiratory diseases against 10-15% in SMI. In SP asthma represented an average of 11% of all hospitalisations for respiratory disease, BPCO was 13%, cancer 35% and pulmonary embolism 4%, sarcoidosis 2%, respiratory infections 8% and tuberculosis 8%; great variation were noted according to the different units which enabled a hospital profile to be identified and which gave the general orientation of a particular service. In SMI this profile was different: there was a smaller percentage of cancer cases and a higher level of infectious disease. The mean stay was shorter in SP than in SMI (10.4 v 13.8 days) for respiratory cases overall and whatever pathology that was studied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hospitalizations for diseases of the respiratory system at public assistance hospitals in Paris in 1985]. 260 16

Thrombophlebitis is defined as thrombotic inflammation of a previously healthy superficial vein, varicophlebitis as that occurring in varicosities. The latter appears responsible for the majority of thrombotic venous occlusions. In contrast to venous thrombosis, the thrombotic involvement of deep veins, thrombophlebitis usually resolves without sequel and, in general, thrombophlebitis nor varicophlebitis are associated with the risk of pulmonary embolism. The clinical presentation of thrombophlebitis is that of a tender, hardened superficial vein which, in the presence of inflammation, may be very painful. The lower extremities are most frequently involved. Differential diagnostic considerations include bacterial cellulitis and lymphangitis. The cause of thrombophlebitis, which is rare without precipitating factors, may be a mechanical lesion such as kinking of the vein or trauma to the wall of the vein as well as other primary disease such as auto-immune afflictions, endangiitis obliterans or malignancy; in particular, with localization in the area of the rump, with concomitant occurrence in various regions or extending phlebitis, paraneoplastic syndromes and hemoblastoses should be ruled out. Rarely, phlebitis may be associated with tuberculosis and syphilis. Thrombophlebitis may be caused iatrogenically by improper application of chemical substances which cause damage to the venous walls as well as by indwelling catheters or cannulas. This form can progress to sepsis and pulmonary embolism may be incurred. Varicophlebitis, in contrast, accounts for about 90% of all cases of phlebitis and can be regarded as a typical late complication of varicosities in the superficial venous system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of thrombophlebitis and varicophlebitis]. 268 Aug 51

Twenty-six cases of excavated pulmonary masses are reported. In 18 cases malignancy was proven by transparietal needle aspiration. A false-negative result was due to the needle being introduced too centrally and bringing pus, whereas the tumour was an epidermoid carcinoma. The seven non-malignant lesions consisted of abscess in 4 cases, tuberculosis in 1 case and pulmonary embolism in 2 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the technique were similar to those observed in large series of transparietal needle aspiration of solid masses. Using thin needles and extemporaneous cytology reduced the number of complications: haemothorax 6 percent, haemoptysis 0.4 percent. The authors conclude that in excavated pulmonary masses transparietal needle aspiration provides a diagnosis of malignancy when the radiological and clinical courses and bronchial fibroscopy are inconclusive. Transparietal needle aspiration avoids the need for other investigations, such as exploratory thoracotomy, thereby reducing the cost of diagnosis.
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PMID:[Transthoracic puncture and excavated pulmonary lesion. Diagnostic contribution and value of the extemporaneous cytologic test]. 271 26

Mean values for serum angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (SACE), determined spectrophotometrically in 648 subjects, using the synthetic substrate hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine, and expressed in units per milliliter, were: controls, 11.11 +/- 3.97 (n = 89); lung cancer, 6.50 +/- 3.26 (n = 87); tuberculosis of the lung, 8.93 +/- 4.60 (n = 68); pulmonary sarcoidosis, 21.18 +/- 14.93 (n = 48); pneumonia, 9.81 +/- 6.83 (n = 52); fibrosis, 11.18 +/- 8.26 (n = 34); diabetes mellitus, 10.90 +/- 7.51 (n = 29); ischemic heart disease, 8.98 +/- 6.19 (n = 42); pulmonary embolism, 13.20 +/- 3.91 (n = 5); and lymphomas, 11.66 +/- 5.44 (n = 36). The lowest values for SACE (5.92 +/- 1.95) were observed in 7 patients with pulmonary metastases. No relationship could be found between SACE and other laboratory parameters, nor between the enzyme activity in men and women. Evidence suggests that low SACE activity is often associated with extrapulmonary cancers of various organs. Levels were significantly decreased in cancer of the lung and pulmonary metastases and significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in sarcoidosis compared with other diseases, suggesting that SACE activity may be of value in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer of the lung.
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PMID:The value of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme determinations in malignant and other diseases. 299 Jul 99

Twenty-three patients with massive and recurrent hemoptysis were examined with angiography. Particular attention was directed to the internal mammary arteries. Specific causes for the bleeding were tuberculosis (n = 9), aspergilloma (n = 8), bronchiectasis (n = 1), primary systemic amyloidosis (n = 1), congenital and acquired pulmonary venous obstruction (n = 2), chronic pulmonary embolism (n = 1), and bilateral congenital pulmonary artery stenosis (n = 1). Eleven of these 23 patients were treated with systemic arterial embolization, and immediate cessation of bleeding occurred in nine. The recognition of the numerous collateral vessels and anastomoses of the internal mammary arteries is essential for successful percutaneous embolization for hemoptysis. The authors outline these various pathways and collateral vessels.
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PMID:Control of hemoptysis: systemic angiography and anastomoses of the internal mammary artery. 339 55


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