Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carbon-laden macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage have been noted to be associated with a history of crack smoking. We report herein the finding of carbon-laden macrophages in four cytological preparations of pleural fluid from two crack smokers. The etiology of the two patients' pleural effusions differed; neither had a bronchopleural fistula. Patient 1 had AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and Kaposi's sarcoma of the right lung with an associated bilateral pleural effusion. Patient 2 was HIV seropositive, had pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis A, B, and C, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism, and bilateral pleural effusions, the latter of which were probably due to cardio-pulmonary dysfunction. An additional two crack smokers with pleural effusions due to malignancy, one primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma and the other metastatic melanoma, did not have carbon-like material in their pleural fluid cytology. We hypothesize that intracellular accumulation of carbonaceous material in the lung parenchyma and pleural space occurs when normal clearance mechanisms are overwhelmed.
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PMID:Carbon-laden macrophages in pleural fluid of crack smokers. 859 15

The array of the clinicopathologic spectrum related to HIV infection continues to increase and present new challenges to physicians caring for HIV-infected patients. Recent literature is encumbered with reports of various abnormalities consistent with a hypercoagulable state leading to thromboembolic complications. The coexistence of HIV/AIDS-related illnesses, such as malignancies, opportunistic infections, or autoimmune diseases, as well as drug therapy, may also predispose HIV-infected patients to thromboembolic disease. A case report of a 39-year-old man with Kaposi sarcoma who developed pulmonary embolism is presented, along with a review of the literature.
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PMID:Thromboembolism associated with HIV infection: a case report and review of the literature. 1096 11