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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of massive pulmonary embolism at a patient with undetected atrial defect is reported. The authors discuss the difficulties of establishing a proper diagnosis when the right heart pressure is not raised and when a large emboliser is well tolerated. Angiography confirmed the diagnosis and the patient was successfully treated with embolectomy followed by ligation of the inferior vena cava.
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PMID:[Atypical pulmonary embolism associated with inter-auricular communication]. 2 10

In a study involving 217 patients who had undergone thoracotomy, the authors noted 85 complications in 77 patients with a mortality of 2.5 per cent. Respiratory complications were the most common but never ended in death. By contrast, cardiac complications are the most severe. The absence of mortality of respiratory origin is certainly the result of regourous pre-operative selection based upon overall and separate pulmonary function studies. The great rarity of pulmonary embolism is related to routine postoperative preventive heparin therapy.
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PMID:[Early complications after pleuro-pulmonary surgery. Study based on 217 operated patients]. 2 25

A study of partial CO2 ductance has been performed in patients under assisted ventilation. The authors propose methods for simultaneous measurement of paCO2, PAECO2, PECO2 and PICO2. This methodology is used in patients presenting different conditions accounting for respiratory resuscitation: barbiturate poisoning with healthy lungs, bronchial stasis, acute lung involvement, obstructive bronchopneumopathy and pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:[Determination of global diffusion of CO2 and its partial components under assisted respiration. Technical problems and practical value in respiratory resuscitation]. 2 53

Thrombolytic therapy is aimed at dissolving thrombi. Streptokinase (SK) and urokinase (UK) are currently used in France but their mode of action has not been completely elucidated, which renders the establishment of therapeutic protocols and the choice of doses difficult. This treatment has a certain number of contraindications which must be strictly respected. The effectiveness of SK and UK in high doses has been demonstrated, in particular in pulmonary embolism and acute arterial obstruction of the limbs, but there is a risk of haemorrhage, whilst UK in moderate doses is usually well tolerated but has yet to prove its effectiveness in randomised double blind trials. Laboratory control has been simplified but it is essential not to forget the importance of clinical monytoring. Finally, drugs have recently been used in association with thrombolytics and more particularly the administration of plasminogen or defibrinating agents before or after thrombolytics.
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PMID:[Thrombolytic treatment (theoretical basis, therapeutic protocols, monitoring)]. 3 Nov 15

Fifty-two deep venous thromboses and 35 pulmonary emboli were treated by Streptokinase administered in accordance with a standard protocol. Radiological examinations revealed total lysis of clots in 22 cases, partial lysis in 42 and failure in 23. The latter more commonly involved venous clots than pulmonary emboli. Early treatment was more effective (21 total lyses out of 22) than late treatment. However, in venous thrombosis, late treatment may give partial lysis and free important venous junctions. With standard treatment, lysis was biologically correct in 70 p. 100 of cases. It was inadequate in 20 p 100 of cases and nil in 10 p. 100 of cases. The results could thus have been improved by treatment established and adjusted in the light of laboratory results. The extent of the thrombosis played an important role. Total lysis was obtained in 9 out of 10 cases of localised deep venous thrombosis. In pulmonary embolism there was an average gain of approximately 30 p. 100 in obstructed surface area. However, in these latter cases, it is important to take into account not only the pulmonary surface area obstructed but also the origin of the clots.
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PMID:[Streptokinase in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism]. 3 Nov 16

Despite scientific advances in obstetrics, maternal mortality is still a serious problem in many countries. This paper analyzes the causes of maternal mortality in Kaplan Hospital since its opening in 1954 up to 1976. 27 women died during this period; total number of deliveries was 63,997. The period was divided into 3: 1954-61, with a mean number of deliveries of 2386 per year; 1962-71, with a mean number of deliveries of 2308 per year; and 1972-76, with a mean number of deliveries of 4244/year. Maternal mortality for the 1st period was 4.9/10,000; in the 2nd, 4.3/10,000 and in the last, 3.0/10,000. Confidence limits based on the Poisson distribution method was used to test for statistical significance. Causes of direct maternal death included: 1) vascular accidents (amniotic fluid embolism and disseminated intravascular clotting) which accounted for almost 1/3 of all cases; 2) infection; 3) EPH gestosis or toxemia of pregnancy; 4) hemorrhage; and 5) anesthesia. Indirect causes of death included cardiac cases, followed by pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular andirenal diseases, in decreasing order of importance. Older age and parity did not affect incidence of obstetric deaths. This report indicates a definite decline in maternal mortality for the 3 periods. The decline was attributed to liberal use of better antibiotics, emphasis on aseptic techniques, better antenatal care and well-equipped operating theaters. Nevertheless, vascular accidents remain the major direct cause of maternal deaths. Further research should be done on vascular accidents and its prevention; a healthy respect for the use of ceasarian sections may also be helpful in reducing further maternal deaths.
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PMID:Maternal mortality in an Israeli hospital: a review of 23 years. 4 62

Airflow obstruction is not a clinical entity. The presence of obstruction has to be documented, at least by a timed forced vital capacity. Consequently, information must be sought about the quality and severness of the functional disturbance (pathogenesis, reversibility by medication, follow-ups). Because of the great number of possible irritants and responses, the differentiation of bronchial and extrabronchial obstruction is of great importance for the elderly patient (bronchitis plus emphysema?). The impact of other disorders on the bronchi is being discussed (e.g. pulmonary embolism, left heart failure). These considerations should be part of the routine before therapy is being initiated.
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PMID:[Bronchial obstruction in the aged--symptom or diagnosis? (author's transl)]. 4 12

Pulmonary embolism has a high incidence in old patients and is often not recognized. In most cases the embolism is of unknown origin, although the deep venous system of the lower extremities is involved in almost 95%. The diagnostic procedure consists of evaluation of clinical symptoms and findings. ECG and chest X-ray are often not conclusive. Confirmation of the diagnosis is possible by ventilation-perfusion scanning of the lung. Pulmonary angiography is of no value in the elderly patient, because of the lack of consequences. Besides local therapy of a thrombosis, therapy consists of administration of heparin, while oral anticoagulation should be used only with precaution. The efficacy of platelet aggregation inhibiting substances remains to be determined. The main point are prophylactic measures in patients with risk factors or in high risk situation.
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PMID:[Pulmonary embolism in the elderly patient (author's transl)]. 4 13

Nine cases of untreatable tumour in which radical surgery was employed palliatively are presented. Three hemipelvectomies for recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma were performed. In one case, death occurred postoperatively, probably as a result of pulmonary embolism. One patient survived for 8 months, while the other is still alive after three years. Of two cases in which interscapulothoracic disarticulation was performed, survivals of 9 and 5 months were observed in subjects with fibrosarcoma in a mastectomy site and recurrent sarcoma of the humerus with ling metastases. Survival to 7 months was obtained in a case of sarcoma of the maxilla, while three patients with squama cell cancer of the mouth floor, chondrosarcoma of the mandible and botryoid sarcoma of the tonsillar fossa are still living after periods of 10 months to 2 yr. Though devoid of schematic indications, palliative demolition surgery can be considered in borderline cases where the operative risk is not high. Irrespective of "quantity", the "quality" of life remaining to the patients can be made compatible with the psychophysiological limits of the human personality.
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PMID:[Palliative demolitive surgery]. 4 19

10 percent glycerol was given for 6 days to 30 patients who had had acute ischaemic cerebral infarction, and the results were compared with those obtained after treating 31 similar patients with dexamethasone (16 mg. per 24 hours for 6 days). 1 patient treated with glycerol died of haemoglobinuria and acute renal failure. 6 patients treated with dexamethasone died--3 from cerebral oedema and 3 from non-neurological complications (pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and aspiration pneumonia). Improvement was significantly greater in the glycerol group after 8 and 15 days. No improvement was noted using either glycerol or dexamethasone in 7 patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.
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PMID:Controlled trial of glycerol versus dexamethasone in the treatment of cerebral oedema in acute cerebral infarction. 4 27


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