Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034065 (pulmonary embolism)
 14,979 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a case of a 67-year-old woman with a history of cerebral infarction and pulmonary embolism that presented with chest pain. Subsequent evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and occult DVT, and imaging revealed a rare congenital absence of the infra-renal portion of the inferior vena cava, with lower extremity venous drainage diverted via an ascending lumbar vein. Associations between congenital absence of the inferior vena cava and thrombosis are discussed.
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PMID:Multiple and recurrent systemic thrombotic events associated with congenital anomaly of inferior vena cava. 1605

Antithrombotic medication can be performed by means of heparins (non-fractionated heparin, low molecular heparins) or the pentasaccharide Fondaparinux as well as with oral vitamin K antagonists. The use of a low molecular heparin is initially recommended for the sake of practicability and safety in case of patients suffering from deep venous thrombosis of the leg and pelvis with subsequent long-term oral medication using a vitamin K antagonist (Marcumar) for anticoagulation. The most frequent indications for long-term anticoagulation are deep leg and pelvis thromboses, pulmonary embolism with atrial fibrillation, artificial prosthetic valves and open oval foramen with ischaemic cerebral infarction. In case of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation it is expedient to initiate permanent anticoagulation according to a risk score. For the purpose of controlling oral anticoagulation it is recommended to employ the INR value in place of Quick's value because these data are better comparable. In case of atherothrombotic diseases secondary prevention will always indicate administration of a thrombocyte aggregation inhibitor. In such cases acetylsalicylic acid is recommended as the standard preparation.
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PMID:[Patient with antithrombotic medication. Which do bleedings or preoperative?]. 1644 57

A-76-year-old woman consulted for open biopsy for a pulmonary mass. Thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as nonspecific inflammation. On the first postoperative day (POD1), the patient lost consciousness transiently. Eleven hours after the first stroke, the patient experienced a second stroke together with hypoxia. Pulmonary perfusion scan on POD2 showed multiple perfusion defects, and the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism (PE). Thrombolitic therapy was started. Neurological symptoms didn't improve, and cerebral angiography on POD3 showed delayed perfusion in superficial veins. The patient was diagnosed with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy had been continued, and the patient was found to have hemorrhagic cerebral infarction on POD11. After persistent therapy, the patient was discharged on POD120. Although both PE and CVT are rare complications after thoracic surgery, we must consider these complications in patients undergoing thoracic operations including thoracoscopic surgery.
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PMID:Pulmonary embolism and cerebral venous thrombosis after thoracoscopic surgery for benign pulmonary disease. 1900 60

A 24-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a painless mass on the left side of his neck. Ultrasonography detected right testicular tumor and computerized tomography scanning revealed a left supraclavicular lymph node mass and bulky retroperitoneal lymph node mass. He initially underwent right high orchiectomy, combination chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for advanced testicular non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. Six years later, late relapse was detected in the lung. After complete remission of the lung metastasis with chemotherapy, the serum alpha-fetoprotein began to increase because of superior vena caval thrombus extending into the right atrium. Emergency surgical excision was performed successfully using extracorporeal circulation to prevent pulmonary embolism and the resected specimen pathologically revealed adenocarcinoma interpreted as teratoma malignant transformation. Adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin were administered for subsequent slight elevation of serum F-human chorionic gonadotropin beta, resulting in successful normalization again. Later, he suddenly died of cerebral infarction without any evidence of recurrence 138 months after his initial presentation. We report herein an extremely uncommon case of advanced testicular germ cell tumor with development of superior vena caval thrombus extending into the right atrium.
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PMID:[Tumor thrombus arising from the superior vena cava and extending into the right atrium in a patient with advanced testicular germ cell tumor]. 1958 74

Although the causes of stroke are diverse, thromboembolism due to a mobile aortic thrombus is rare. We describe a surgical case of acute massive pulmonary embolism after critical cerebral infarction associated with a mobile ascending aortic thrombus in a 52-year-old woman. Concomitant surgical removal of the aortic thrombus and pulmonary embolectomy was performed successfully, and the patient has been stable without recurrent thromboembolic complications after 18 months of follow-up.
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PMID:Acute pulmonary embolism after cerebral infarction associated with a mobile thrombus in the ascending aorta. 2001

A 41-year-old woman, who had no thrombotic risk factors and past history except congenital scoliosis, underwent central venous catheterization (CVC) before correction of the scoliosis. When internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization using the anatomical landmark technique failed, CVC under ultrasound guidance was tried. As a consequence, thrombosis and hypoplasia of the right IJV were incidentally detected by ultrasonography. Central venous catheters were then successfully placed in other veins under ultrasound guidance. Also, after examinations to rule out the possibility of pulmonary embolism and to clarify the causes of the IJV thrombosis, the patient was found to have protein S deficiency. CVC under ultrasound guidance should be recommended to prevent the failure of cannulation and complications such as thromboembolism in patients who could possibly have anomalies of vessels as a result of anatomical deformities caused by severe scoliosis, even if patients do not have thrombotic risk factors such as a history of central catheter insertion or intravenous drug abuse, cancer, advanced age, cerebral infarction, and left ventricular dysfunction. Also, if venous thrombosis is found in patients without predisposing risk factors, one should ascertain the cause of the hypercoagulable state, for example protein S deficiency, and perform appropriate treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism.
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PMID:Internal jugular vein thrombosis associated with venous hypoplasia and protein S deficiency revealed by ultrasonography. 2193 86

We describe a case of a 56 year old man with no previous medical history who presented with sudden onset dyspnoea, expressive dysphasia, and right arm sensory loss and paresis. A diagnosis of bilateral pulmonary embolism and transient cerebral ischaemic attack was confirmed by CT pulmonary angiogram and MRI. Paradoxical embolism through an occult patent foramen ovale (PFO) was subsequently proven by contrast echocardiography. This case highlights a number of short and long-term management conundrums, that to date are incompletely addressed by clinical trials. These include timing of anticoagulation in patients with both venous thromboembolism and cerebral infarction, and the risk:benefit ratio of surgical closure of patent foramen ovale.
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PMID:Dyspnoeic dysphasia: a series of unfortunate events. 2211 Nov

A pulmonary embolism and cerebral infarction are the second and third most common acute cardiovascular diseases after a myocardial infarction. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are important clinical challenges. In this case, a fatal pulmonary embolism and extensive cerebral infarction caused cardiac arrest during spinal anesthesia for total hip replacement surgery. Transesophageal echocardiography indicated a pulmonary embolism and brain CT showed large area of acute infarction at right middle cerebral artery territory. Pulmonary CT angiogram revealed massive pulmonary embolism findings. This paper reviews this case and suggests other preventive modalities.
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PMID:Fatal pulmonary embolism and coincidental cerebral infarction after spinal anesthesia -A case report-. 2222 Feb 31

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is a very important cause of cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, and repeated pregnancy losses in women. We present an extremely rare case of a 44-year-old man with antiphospholipid syndrome who collapsed and died suddenly. At autopsy, he was found to have both cerebral and myocardial infarction. In all young patients with cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, recurrent miscarriages, and unexplained low platelet count, one must consider the strong possibility of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
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PMID:Evolution of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. 2294 Sep 20

The substrate of paradoxic embolization is a patent foramen ovale allowing right-to-left passage of embolic material. A thrombus in transit entrapped by a patent foramen straddling an atrial septal aneurysm is an exceedingly transient condition rarely documented on imaging studies. We present the case of a 67-year-old man with acute pulmonary embolism and concomitant cerebral infarction found to have a large thrombus traversing a patent foramen ovale. Intraoperative real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography allowed accurate spatial characterization of the thrombus and correlated closely with surgical findings. It provided more realistic intraoperative guidance compared with conventional two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.
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PMID:Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography of a thrombus entrapped by a patent foramen ovale. 2300 15


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