Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We tested the hypothesis that nitrovasodilator repletion enhances tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) -induced pulmonary edema. Lungs were isolated from control guinea pigs or 4 h after the intraperitoneal injection of TNF-alpha (1.60 x 10(5) U/kg). In the control and TNF-alpha-injected lungs, the thromboxane mimetic U-46619 (155 pmol/min) caused increases in pulmonary capillary pressure (Ppc) and lung weight (delta W). In control lungs, the nitrovasodilator agonist S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP, 1 microM) attenuated the U-46619-induced increases in Ppc. In lungs injected with TNF-alpha, SNAP had no effect on Ppc and increased delta W. The peroxynitrite (ONOO-) scavenger urate (35 mM) prevented the TNF-alpha +SNAP-induced increases in Ppc and delta W. In addition, chemically synthesized ONOO- (4.0 mM) enhanced U-46619-induced increases in delta W. The data indicate that nitric oxide repletion enhances TNF-alpha-induced pulmonary edema, possibly via ONOO-.
 ...
PMID:Nitrovasodilator repletion increases TNF-alpha-induced pulmonary edema. 880 24

To investigate the role of posterior hypothalamus and central neurotransmitters in the pulmonary edema due to hypobaric hypoxia, rats were placed in a high altitude simulation chamber (barometric pressure-294.4 mmHg) for 24 h. Exposure to hypobaric hypoxia resulted in increases in mean arterial blood pressure, renal sympathetic nerve activity, right ventricular systolic pressure, lung wet to dry weight ratio and Evans blue dye leakage. There was a significant attenuation in these responses to hypobaric hypoxia (a) after lesioning posterior hypothalamus and (b) after chronic infusion of GABAA receptor agonist muscimol into posterior hypothalamus. No such attenuation was evident with the chronic infusion of the nitric oxide donor SNAP into the posterior hypothalamus. It is concluded that in hypobaric hypoxia, there is over-activity of posterior hypothalamic neurons probably due to a local decrease in GABA-ergic inhibition which increases the sympathetic drive causing pulmonary hypertension and edema.
 ...
PMID:Role of posterior hypothalamus in hypobaric hypoxia induced pulmonary edema. 2544 96