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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary edema can be a complication of acute cocaine abuse. However, no one has ever reported pulmonary edema in a patient who stopped abusing the drug 2 weeks before surgery. This is a report of such a case.
Mil Med 1992 Jul
PMID:Post-operative pulmonary edema in a former cocaine addict. 152 75

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) is a rare entity manifested by pulmonary edema with normal pulmonary arterial pressures. NCPE has been described in children and recently reported in adults. Onset is rapid and late recognition or inappropriate treatment may lead to a fatal outcome. Most adult cases have been attributed to laryngospasm and generation of a large negative intrathoracic pressure causing transcapillary filtration. The majority of reported adult cases were at risk for Upper Airway Obstruction (UAO). This report describes three young, active duty men who developed this entity following routine uncomplicated surgical procedures. Intubations were uncomplicated and fluid management appropriate. No patient had risk factors for UAO. Early extubation with respiratory attempts against a closed glottis may be etiology for this complication.
Mil Med 1993 Apr
PMID:Post-extubation non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 847 40

Several reports during the past 15 years have described hyponatremia as a result of excessive water intake by athletes during endurance races. The high rates of fluid consumption have been attributed to the desire of athletes to prevent heat injury. The military has adopted guidelines for programmed drinking to maintain performance and minimize the risk of heat casualties. As military personnel increase their fluid intake, their risk of hyponatremia as a result of water overload increases. A potentially life-threatening complication is acute water intoxication. We report the first known death of an Army basic trainee as a result of acute water intoxication. The misinterpretation of his symptoms as those of dehydration and heat injury led to continued efforts at oral hydration until catastrophic cerebral and pulmonary edema developed.
Mil Med 1999 Mar
PMID:Death from hyponatremia as a result of acute water intoxication in an Army basic trainee. 1009 1

Hexachloroethane (HC) smoke, also known as white smoke, is an obscurant used in numerous military situations. Many adverse health effects are associated with the use of white smoke, some of which are potentially life threatening. Inhalation is the most frequent route of injury. Two deaths among U.S. Army personnel resulted from HC smoke exposure in 1988. As recently as 1997, a United Nations soldier in Bosnia died after an HC smoke canister was discharged in his tent. Injuries are predominantly pulmonary and range from cough and dyspnea to chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. In the case presented, a soldier developed pneumomediastinum after exposure to HC smoke. This is the first case reported in the literature of pneumomediastinum associated with HC smoke inhalation.
Mil Med 1999 Oct
PMID:Pneumomediastinum associated with inhalation of white smoke. 1054 33

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of acute pancreatitis in patients in whom hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) has been diagnosed. We retrospectively reviewed all patients with a diagnosis of HFRS at our institution from 1994 to 1998. The review included medical records, laboratory results, radiologic examinations, and one autopsy report. From 1994 to 1998, 13 patients received diagnoses of HFRS that were confirmed by serology. In 9 patients (69%), serum amylase, serum lipase, or both were assessed during hospitalization. Seven (78%) of the 9 patients had pancreatitis. Four (57%) of these 7 patients with HFRS and pancreatitis had associated pulmonary edema, and 1 patient had rhabdomyolysis. In our small retrospective case series, acute pancreatitis in patients with HFRS was much more common than previously recognized. Patients with HFRS and pancreatitis had increased morbidity. However, the treatment for the associated pancreatitis was conservative.
Mil Med 2001 Feb
PMID:Acute pancreatitis in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 1127 16

The use of chemical warfare agents, such as the pulmonary irritant gas phosgene, is a real and constant threat not only from belligerent nations but from terrorist groups as well. Phosgene is both easy and inexpensive to produce and as such is a potential candidate for use as a threat agent. Phosgene attacks the deep lung after inhalation and can severely compromise pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange, rendering the exposed individual incapacitated. If exposure is severe, death can ensure by asphyxiation secondary to pulmonary edema formation. This paper examines the effects on lung tissue in mice over 24 hours after exposure to the irritant gas phosgene. Exposure to phosgene produced respiratory acidosis by decreasing pH, partial pressure of oxygen, O2 saturation, and increasing partial pressure of carbon dioxide. Exposure to phosgene also induced temporal increases in lung tissue gravimetric parameters such as lung tissue wet weight/dry weight ratio, which is a positive indicator of pulmonary edema formation, and dry lung weight, an indicator of lung cellular hyperaggregation. Blood gases and pH tend to normalize within 24 hours, whereas gravimetric parameters remain increased. Temporal changes in these physiological indicators of lung injury may help to explain why past exposures to phosgene required lengthy hospitalization.
Mil Med 2001 Sep
PMID:Disruption of gas exchange in mice after exposure to the chemical threat agent phosgene. 1156 47

An Army trainee developed acute water intoxication, hyponatremia, pulmonary edema, and fatal cerebral edema. This is the first report of a fatality related to urine drug testing. This resulted from supervised excessive water ingestion in an attempt to induce a sufficient urine specimen for substance abuse testing. To avoid a similar preventable death in the future, we make several recommendations. These include limiting the volume of ingested fluid to eight ounces every 30 to 45 minutes, not to exceed 40 ounces, and providing a relaxed, reassuring environment when obtaining urine specimens for substance abuse detection.
Mil Med 2002 May
PMID:Fatal water intoxication of an Army trainee during urine drug testing. 1268 79

Exertional heat stroke is a medical emergency that uncommonly results in severe cardiac dysfunction. The military physician diagnosed a 19-year-old military recruit from an elite unit to have exertional heat stroke. Immediate treatment in the field with rapid ice water cooling and vigorous fluid administration resulted in pulmonary edema. Transthoracic echocardiography on admission to the emergency department revealed moderate reduction in left and right ventricular function. After treatment, within a few days, rapid myocardial recovery was noted and persisted after 6 months of follow-up. Possible mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in exertional heat stroke and treatment strategies are discussed. It is suggested that intravenous fluid administration to patients with suspected exertional heat stroke should preferably be done with appropriate hemodynamic monitoring and after cardiac dysfunction has been ruled out.
Mil Med 2003 Aug
PMID:Transient cardiac dysfunction and pulmonary edema in exertional heat stroke. 1294 45

Phosgene is a chemical widely used in the plastics industry and has been used in warfare. It produces a life-threatening pulmonary edema within hours of exposure, to which no specific antidote exists. This study aims to examine the pathophysiological changes seen with low tidal volume ventilation (protective ventilation (PV)) strategies compared to conventional ventilation (CV), in a model of phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Anesthetized pigs were instrumented and exposed to phosgene (concentration x time (Ct), 2,350 mg x min x m(-3)) and then ventilated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (tidal volume (TV) = 10 ml x kg(-1); positive end expiratory pressure, 3 cm H2O; frequency, 20 breaths x min(-1); fractional concentration of inspired oxygen, 0.24), monitored for 6 hours after exposure, and then randomized into treatment groups: CV, PV (A) or (B) (TV, 8 or 6 ml x kg(-1); positive end expiratory pressure, 8 cm H2O; frequency, 20 or 25 breaths x min(-1); fractional concentration of inspired oxygen, 0.4). Pathophysiological parameters were measured for up to 24 hours. The results show that PV resulted in improved oxygenation, decreased shunt fraction, and mortality, with all animals surviving to 24 hours compared to only three of the CV animals. Microscopy confirmed reduced hemorrhage, neutrophilic infiltration, and intra-alveolar edema.
Mil Med 2007 Mar
PMID:Protective ventilation strategies in the management of phosgene-induced acute lung injury. 1743 75

In response to questions about the safety of ephedra-based dietary products, ephedra-free products are now available. Many contain synephrine, a sympathomimetic amine with structural similarities to ephedra. We present a 22-year-old, previously healthy, African American male with sickle cell trait who developed rhabdomyolysis after ingestion of a synephrine-containing dietary supplement. The patient developed fatigue, dehydration, and myalgias while exercising. He developed severe rhabdomyolysis, with a peak creatine phosphokinase level of 2.8 million U/L, complicated by pulmonary edema, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and bilateral compartment syndromes in his lower extremities. He required prolonged hospitalization for hemodialysis, multiple wound debridements, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and physical therapy. He has permanent sensory and motor neurological deficits in his distal lower extremities. Military physicians should routinely inquire about the use of dietary supplements, educate patients about the potential adverse reactions associated with these agents, and encourage healthy diets and exercise for weight loss.
Mil Med 2007 Jun
PMID:A case of severe exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis associated with a weight-loss dietary supplement. 1761 52


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