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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-two healthy dogs were randomly divided equally into a control group (CG) and a treated group (TG). All were inflicted with severe smoke inhalation injury and pulmonary was demonstrated. The dogs in TG were treated with injection of shenmai zhusheye, ketoprofen, anisodamine, sodium aesculin, hydrocortisone succinate, vitamin C and E, penicillin, amikacin, oxygen inhalation and airway suctioning after injury. The results showed that the increase in extravascular lung water volume, lung edema shadow in x-ray films, elevation of lung vascular resistance, carbonemia, hypoxemia, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, dyspnea, dry and moist rales of the lungs, reduction of tidal volume, etc, were markedly improved in TG as compared with that of CG. It indicated that the pulmonary edema and lung dysfunction was markedly ameliorated in TG. The mortality was 19.1% in TG, which was significant lower than that of CG which was 47.6%.
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PMID:[Experimental study on combined treatment in smoke inhalation injury]. 181 46

Sodium nitroprusside was used in 18 children aged 1 to 13 years with clinical and hemodynamic signs of low cardiac output syndrome secondary to septic pancarditis, lung edema, thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches. Central and peripheral hemodynamics has been studied by impedance plethysmography prior to and during the first day of sodium nitroprusside infusion. A considerable improvement of hemodynamic parameters and the patients' conditions has been established. Effective dosages and indications for the drug use in children have been elaborated.
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PMID:[The use of sodium nitroprusside in the treatment of heart failure in critically ill children]. 186 66

Two cases from the intensive treatment practice are presented: Case I--a 43-year-old woman drawn out from a state of clinical death during chronic dialysis for chronic renal failure with importunate ultrafiltration to combat the severe pulmonary edema, which led to hypoxia and cardiac arrest with functionally affected hemodynamic parameters (central venous pressure), because of centrally placed a/v fistula. Case II--a 46-year-old woman with severe drug disease and extremely critical hypotonic hyperhydration and anasarca, treated also with ultrafiltration, enhanced sodium influx and intensive application of diuretics; for 24 hours a negative fluid balance was achieved (71191 ml) until finally a relative fluid-electrolyte equilibrium was reached.
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PMID:[2 cases from the practice of intensive treatment]. 194 11

Morphological and biochemical changes were observed in the pancreas and serum of rats after the intraperitoneal administration of selenomethionine, sodium selenite and methionine. Selenomethionine caused rapidly developing acinar cell necrosis. The first pathological changes were mitochondrial swelling and flocculent densities, and dilatation of cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum. Zymogen granules appeared disrupted only in disintegrated acinar cells. Signs of autodigestive pancreatic inflammation with fat necrosis, elevation of pancreatic phospholipase A2 and serum amylase activities, as well as pulmonary oedema were present. Sodium selenite caused similar histologic changes to those produced by selenomethionine, but no changes were seen after methionine administration. Destruction of pancreatic acinar cells by an intraductal oleic acid injection that resulted in exocrine atrophy did not prevent systemic selenomethionine toxicity. Our results show that selenomethionine causes pancreatic acinar cell necrosis and that intracellular transport and storage of digestive enzymes is not primarily altered by this chemical.
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PMID:Pancreatic acinar cell necrosis with intact storage of digestive enzymes in selenomethionine treated rats. 197 21

A spectrum of presentation of phaeochromocytoma in black South Africans is described. Ten patients were reviewed over a 9-year period. Sweating, headache, and palpitations were prominent symptoms in 9 patients; postural dizziness occurred in 5; gastro-intestinal symptoms in 7; diabetes in 3; and hypertension in all. One patient developed a phaeochromocytoma crisis, characterised by hypotension and pulmonary oedema, before operation. One woman presented in pregnancy. Urinary vanillylmandelic acid was elevated in 9 out of 10 subjects tested; plasma catecholamines were elevated in 6 out of 6 tested. Computed tomography detected 7 adrenal tumours and 3 paragangliomas. All patients were stabilised pre-operatively with alpha- and/or beta-receptor blockers. Intraoperative pressor crises were controlled with sodium nitroprusside, phentolamine, or magnesium sulphate infusions. At operation all tumours appeared benign, each was successfully removed, and the diagnosis confirmed on histological examination. There was no operative mortality. Two patients had residual hypertension. This study highlights the various challenges presented by this catecholamine-producing tumour.
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PMID:Phaeochromocytoma. A report of 10 patients. 199 41

The effects of acidosis and alkalosis on pulmonary gas exchange were studied in 32 pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized intact dogs after induction of oleic acid (0.06 ml/kg) pulmonary edema. Gas exchange was assessed at constant ventilation and constant cardiac output, by venous admixture calculations and by intrapulmonary shunt measurements using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) method. Metabolic acidosis (pH 7.20) and alkalosis (pH 7.60) were induced with HCl and Carbicarb (isosmolar Na2CO3 and NaHCO3), respectively. Hypercapnia was induced by adding inspiratory CO2, whereas pH was allowed to change (respiratory acidosis, pH 7.20) or maintained constant (isolated hypercapnia). Mean intrapulmonary shunt and pulmonary arterial minus wedge pressure difference, respectively, changed from 44 to 33% (P less than 0.05) and from 9 to 10 mmHg (P greater than 0.05) in metabolic acidosis, from 44 to 62% (P less than 0.001) and from 12 to 8 mmHg (P less than 0.01) in metabolic alkalosis, from 40 to 42% (P greater than 0.05) and from 13 to 16 mmHg (P less than 0.05) in respiratory acidosis, from 42 to 52% (P less than 0.05) and from 8 to 12 mmHg (P less than 0.01) in isolated hypercapnia. These results indicate that acidosis, alkalosis, and hypercapnia markedly influence pulmonary gas exchange and/or pulmonary hemodynamics in dogs with oleic acid pulmonary edema.
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PMID:Acid-base status affects gas exchange in canine oleic acid pulmonary edema. 201 14

This study was done to see if signal intensity in sodium images of edematous rat lungs made after iv administration of a negative intravascular contrast agent could serve as a measure of the edema fluid present. First, a method to produce a stable condition of hydrostatic pulmonary edema was developed and verified by CT. Second, dose-response curves for coated magnetite preparations were constructed by giving edematous rats varied doses of these preparations and measuring signal intensity changes of various organs by sodium MRI in a 31-cm-bore 1.9-T magnet. Third, rats were given varied levels of pulmonary edema followed by a constant dose of coated magnetite to eliminate the plasma sodium signal. Finally, coated magnetite particles of two sizes were administered to rats, and the differences in effects on signal from various organs were measured. Signal intensity of the lungs after magnetite correlated (r = 0.86) with extravascular lung water measured gravimetrically, suggesting that sodium MRI may be useful for measuring pulmonary edema fluid. Smaller particles appear to remain in the blood longer than larger particles.
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PMID:Sodium MRI with coated magnetite: measurement of extravascular lung water in rats. 204 41

The aims of this randomized study were (1) to determine if isoflurane is effective in controlling blood pressure during thoracic aortic cross-clamping, and (2) to compare its effects on hemodynamics and oxygen transport to those of sodium nitroprusside. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP group, n = 10) or isoflurane (ISO group, n = 10) was started 2 minutes before cross-clamping and was adjusted to maintain systolic arterial pressure as near as possible to preinduction values. The duration of thoracic aortic cross-clamping was 26 +/- 4 minutes in the SNP group and 30 +/- 4 minutes in the ISO group. Administration of isoflurance and sodium nitroprusside was stopped 2 minutes before unclamping. The same anesthetic technique using fentanyl, 6 micrograms/kg, flunitrazepam, 0.02 mg/kg, pancuronium, 0.1 mg/kg, and 50% N2O was used for all patients. At the time of clamping, either isoflurance (maximal expired concentration, 2.5% +/- 0.3%) or sodium nitroprusside (cumulative dose, 11.1 +/- 1.0 mg) was effective in maintaining the systolic blood pressure below 160 mm Hg, whereas the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure did not change. However, only SNP was able to bring the arterial pressure above the cross-clamp back to postinduction levels. During clamping, stroke index values were similar in both groups, but cardiac index increased only in patients receiving SNP. In both groups, at clamping and unclamping, PvO2 was higher than postinduction values, indicating that throughout the study the oxygen needs of the perfused area were adequately met. There was no evidence of acute left ventricular decompensation because pulmonary capillary wedge pressures did not abruptly increase, nor did pulmonary edema occur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparison of isoflurane with sodium nitroprusside for controlling hypertension during thoracic aortic cross-clamping. 213 64

The effect of pulmonary injury induced by aspiration of HCl on plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) level was examined in rats given a constant infusion of water and electrolytes. In addition, using specific antiserum against ANP, we investigated the physiological role of ANP in rats after HCl aspiration. Rats were housed individually in metabolic cages and were given a constant infusion of sodium solution via catheters chronically inserted into the jugular vein. Plasma ANP levels were elevated at 3 and 24 h after tracheal injection of 0.2 ml of 0.1 N HCl via the cricothyroid membrane. Urine volume and urinary sodium excretion increased during the first 24 h after acid aspiration. However, this increase was reduced by the injection of anti-ANP serum. Furthermore, the injection of anti-ANP serum resulted in a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in wet lung weight from a value of 0.74 +/- 0.06 (HCl aspiration with normal rabbit serum injection) to 0.83 +/- 0.07% of body weight. These results indicate that ANP plays a physiological role in the regulation of urinary water and sodium excretion after pulmonary acid injury and suggest that ANP elevated in plasma after pulmonary injury may prevent pulmonary edema with its diuretic action and/or some direct action on water movement in the lung.
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PMID:Release of ANP and its physiological role in pulmonary injury due to HCl. 213 26

A variant of hepatorenal syndrome occurring in patients with chronic congestive heart failure following an episode of cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and in the absence of hypotension, is described. This was observed in 13 patients during an eleven-year period. The clinical picture is characterized by hepatic injury and functional renal impairment. Increase of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels as high as 2100 IU; prolongation of prothrombin time; elevation of serum bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and potassium levels; decrease in urinary sodium excretion; and a normal urinary sediment are the salient laboratory abnormalities of this entity. Treated with conventional medication, the patients' course was fatal in 4 cases. When the splanchnic vasodilator dopamine was added to the patients' management, 5 of 9 patients recovered. Cardiogenic hepatorenal syndrome is a severe but potentially reversible complication of heart failure. The apparently beneficial effect of low-dose dopamine needs further evaluation.
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PMID:Cardiogenic hepatorenal syndrome. 224 92


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