Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is highly toxic to the lungs, heart and blood vessels causing pulmonary edema, shock and arrhythmias. There is massive focal myocardial damage resulting in raised cardiac enzymes. This study included 92 patients of proven ALP poisoning. The age varied between 20-50 years and the majority (74) were females. Clinical manifestations were nausea and vomiting (92), dyspnea and palpitation (72 each), cyanosis (54), hypotension (32) and shock (46) etc. Cardiac arrhythmias were present in 80 cases and hypermagnesemia in 78 patients. Mean serum magnesium level (1.95 +/- 0.18 mE/l) was significantly (p less than 0.01) raised compared to mean magnesium level in control subjects (1.62 +/- 0.26 mEq/l). Hypermagnesemia results from myocardial and liver damage and to our knowledge has not been described in the literature. Of 92 cases studied, 66 died, 60 of whom died within 24 hours of ALP ingestion. Treatment is supportive.
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PMID:Hypermagnesemia following aluminum phosphide poisoning. 202 69

Aluminium phosphide (ALP) a major suicidal agent in the developing countries is freely available as grain fumigant. It is highly toxic to lungs, heart and blood vessels causing pulmonary oedema, shock and arrhythmias. There is massive focal myocardial damage resulting in raised cardiac enzymes. Clinical manifestations were nausea and vomiting (32), dyspnoea and palpitations (25 each), cyanosis (12), hypotension (12) and shock (15). Cardiac arrhythmias were present in 28 cases and hypermagnesaemia in 13 patients. Mean serum magnesium level (1.95 +/- 0.2O, mEq/L) was significantly raised compared to mean magnesium level in control subjects (1.62 +/- 0.23 mEq/L). Hypermagnesaemia occurs due to myocardial and liver damage. Out of 32 cases studied, 22 died 18 within 24 hours of ALP ingestion. Thirty two cases of ALP were studied.
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PMID:Cardiovascular manifestations of aluminium phosphide intoxication. 238 68

Aluminium phosphide is a poison being extensively used all over the world as a preservative of foodgrains. Its lethal effects on human beings are being increasingly seen. We report our experiences with 15 cases seen in a period of 2 years. All these patients had severe toxic effects such as shock, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary oedema and renal failure. Seven patients survived. Early recognition and management of this poison is essential.
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PMID:Aluminium phosphide poisoning. 340 67

1. Eight cases of phosphine poisoning following ingestion of aluminium phosphide tablets for suicidal attempt are described. The mean age of the patients was 23 years (range 14-25). 2. The clinical picture consisted of gastritis, altered sensorium and peripheral vascular failure in all cases, cardiac arrhythmia (3), jaundice and renal failure (1 each). Six patients died, the mean hospital stay was 19 h (range 4-72). 3. Post-mortem examination was performed in two patients, revealing pulmonary oedema, gastrointestinal mucosal congestion, petechial haemorrhages on the surface of liver and brain. Histopathological changes included pulmonary oedema, desquamation of the lining epithelium of the bronchioles; vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, dilatation and engorgement of hepatic central veins, sinusoids and areas showing nuclear fragmentation. 4. The clinical picture of aluminum phosphide poisoning is described and precaution in the distribution and use of this pesticide recommended.
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PMID:Acute phosphine poisoning following ingestion of aluminium phosphide. 341 Apr 83

Twenty-eight specimens obtained either from organ bundles in the body cavities of intact mummies, from damaged mummies, or from isolated canopic jars were examined for tissue identification and histopathologic study. The methods of rehydration and fixation were optimized by application to 40 dehydrated modern samples before studies of mummified tissue were undertaken. The tissue of origin could be definitely identified in 24 of the 28 specimens. Even small fragments obtained from isolated canopic jars proved suitable for histologic study. Six lung specimens were selected for more detailed study. All six showed focal deposition of anthracotic pigment. Electron diffraction and electron microprobe analysis of one of the small, polarizable crystals associated with the anthracosis indicated a mineral content of silica, aluminum, and iron. Two specimens showed focal areas of calcification consistent with old mycobacterial disease. Other histopathologic findings included evidence of pulmonary edema, emphysema, and pneumonia.
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PMID:Tissue identification and histologic study of six lung specimens from Egyptian mummies. 354 13

This case study reports our clinical and laboratory investigation of the accidental death of a pregnant rural woman related to phosphine exposure from stored grain fumigated with aluminum phosphide (AIP3) pellets. Environmental data (housing proximity to fumigated grain and meteorologic conditions at the time) coupled with clinical data (tachycardia and the rapid development of pulmonary edema with no antecedent clinical abnormalities) suggested possible toxicant effects. Gross and microscopic autopsy findings demonstrated pulmonary edema. Because phosphine generated from the phosphide is highly reactive and unstable, our laboratory strategy for this investigation focused on the quantitative analysis of aluminum (AI) in blood, gastric contents, and in lung tissue to test the possibility of fumigant intoxication. We recovered 713 ng/ml Al from blood (normal laboratory range 2 to 42 ng/ml). Laser mass spectral analysis of lung tissue demonstrated high concentrations of Al in alveolar macrophages (> 200 ppm) with little or no Al in adjacent lung tissue. Control lung tissue from an urban autopsy case matched by age, sex, and smoking habits showed no demonstrable Al. We conclude that Al may be a useful marker for AIP3 exposure.
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PMID:Investigation of a fatality from nonoccupational aluminum phosphide exposure: measurement of aluminum in tissue and body fluids as a marker of exposure. 808 90

We report a case of severe hemorrhagic cystitis complicating high-dose cyclophosphamide (CY), total body irradiation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Supportive care with i.v. hydration, platelet transfusions, continuous bladder irrigation and aluminum irrigation of the bladder was ineffective and the patient developed multiple complications from hemorrhagic cystitis. His condition became critical with persistent bleeding, pulmonary edema and acute renal failure. These problems resolved following successful simple cystectomy and ileal conduit. The patient did not develop any acute or chronic complications following surgery. He is alive with a good quality of life and in third remission after receiving salvage chemotherapy 14 months after his transplantation.
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PMID:Successful treatment of severe hemorrhagic cystitis with cystectomy following matched donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. 1108 92

The authors present a child with an accidental cervical medullo-cerebellar impaling by an aluminum rod. Careful planning for safe removal of the rod as well as vigilant attention to early cardiac instability and flash neurogenic pulmonary edema were paramount to her successful recovery. This patient illustrates that it is possible to survive impaling of the brainstem but it requires both innovation and collaboration by multiple specialists across different departments. The value of well coordinated and collaborative neuro surgical intensive care is demonstrated in this young girl's nearly complete recovery from the accident.
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PMID:Acute and critical care management of a pediatric patient with medullo-cerebellar impaling. 1956 11

Aluminium (Al) is the most widely distributed metal in the environment. It is commonly used in daily life, which provides easy exposure to human. The exposure to this toxic metal occurs through air, food, and water. The clinical spectrum of poisoning varies depending on the dosage and duration of consumption. Acute exposure to Al is highly toxic to lungs, heart, and blood vessels causing pulmonary edema, shock, and arrhythmias. Chronic exposure to aluminium is associated with behavioral, neurologic, and hematologic changes. Some epidemiologic studies have shown poor performance in cognitive tests and a higher prevalence rate of neurologic symptoms for workers occupationally exposed to aluminium. Although there are several reports about ventricular tachycardia in case of acute poisoning, there is no report about chronic poisoning. In this report, we presented a 20-year-old man who had recurrent ventricular tachycardia.
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PMID:Aluminium-induced ventricular tachycardia. 2279 26

Vaccination against the type III secretion system of P. aeruginosa is a potential prophylactic strategy for reducing the incidence and improving the poor prognosis of P. aeruginosa pneumonia. In this study, the efficacies of three different adjuvants, Freund's adjuvant (FA), aluminum hydroxide (alum) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), were examined from the viewpoint of inducing PcrV-specific immunity against virulent P. aeruginosa. Mice that had been immunized intraperitoneally with recombinant PcrV formulated with one of the above adjuvants were challenged intratracheally with a lethal dose of P. aeruginosa. The PcrV-FA immunized group attained a survival rate of 91%, whereas the survival rates of the PcrV-alum and PcrV-CpG groups were 73% and 64%, respectively. In terms of hypothermia recovery after bacterial instillation, PcrV-alum was the most protective, followed by PcrV-FA and PcrV-CpG. The lung edema index was lower in the PcrV-CpG vaccination group than in the other groups. PcrV-alum immunization was associated with the greatest decrease in myeloperoxidase in infected lungs, and also decreased the number of lung bacteria to a similar number as in the PcrV-FA group. There was less neutrophil recruitment in the lungs of mice vaccinated with PcrV-alum or PcrV-CpG than in those of mice vaccinated with PcrV-FA or PcrV alone. Overall, in terms of mouse survival the PcrV-CpG vaccine, which could be a relatively safe next-generation vaccine, showed a comparable effect to the PcrV-alum vaccine.
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PMID:Efficacy comparison of adjuvants in PcrV vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. 2837 May 21


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