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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient experienced episodic pulmonary edema accompanying nocturnal angina pectoris. The symptoms were provoked at cardiac catheterization by atrial pacing. Simultaneous onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, and sudden appearance of a large V wave in the pulmonary artery wedge pressure contour confirmed acute mitral valve regurgitation. Rapid reversal of these changes after nitroglycerin administration supported "papillary muscle dysfunction" as the explanation for these hemodynamic changes.
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PMID:Severe papillary muscle dysfunction substantiated by atrial pacing during cardiac catheterization. 40 54

The experience of a group of nine men employed in a manufacturing plant, who developed attacks of illness during the course of working with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is reported. The cause was presumed to be the inhalation of fumes from PTFE-contaminated cigarettes. Eight of the nine employees reported chest pain, shortness of breath, and cough. One had documented pulmonary edema. In view of the potential seriousness of the respiratory complications reported by use and by others we raise the question whether "polymerfume fever" is an adequate or appropriate term to apply to the human inhalation reaction to pyrolysis products of PTFE. Under some conditions of PTFE use, special precautions need to be taken, in addition to those usually recommended, to prevent exposure of to this substance.
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PMID:Pulmonary problems associated with the use of polytetrafluoroethylene. 90 44

Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy using the Inoue balloon was performed in seven pregnant women between May 1990 and November 1991. The mean age of the group was 31.5 years (range 28-35 years). The mean gestation time was 29 weeks (range 20-38 weeks). All patients presented with severe symptoms; two had a recent history of pulmonary oedema, the rest exhibited marked shortness of breath, and mild exercise and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. All were in sinus rhythm. Two patients had previously undergone closed mitral valvulotomy five and 14 years before their recent hospitalization. Echocardiographic examination revealed severe mitral stenosis, with the mitral valve area being less than 1.2 cm2 in all but one patient. None of the patients had left atrial thrombi or mitral regurgitation as seen on two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Four patients (two with restenosis) had severe lesions of the subvalvular apparatus with thickening and marked shortening of the chordae, as assessed by echocardiography. Successful percutaneous mitral valvulotomy was completed in all seven patients using 25-28 mm Inoue balloons. There was one, transient maternal complications. Fetal complication did not occur. It is concluded that percutaneous, transseptal, mitral balloon valvulotomy during pregnancy with the Inoue balloon is a safe procedure, which can be recommended for suitable clinical cases.
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PMID:Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy with the Inoue balloon for severe mitral stenosis during pregnancy. 134 30

Upper respiratory and pulmonary complications of cocaine addiction have been increasingly reported in recent years, with most of the patients being intravenous addicts, users of freebase, or smokers of "crack." The toxicity of cocaine is complex and is exerted via multiple central and peripheral pathways. Recurrent snorting of cocaine may result in ischemia, necrosis, and infections of the nasal mucosa, sinuses, and adjacent structures. Pulmonary complications of cocaine toxicity include pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhages, pulmonary barotrauma, foreign body granulomas, cocaine related pulmonary infection, obliterative bronchiolitis, asthma, and persistent gas-exchange abnormalities. Respiratory manifestations are nonspecific and include shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, hemoptysis, and chest pains. Severe respiratory difficulties have been reported in neonates of abusing mothers. In the absence of a cocaine-abuse history, it may be difficult to recognize the etiological role of cocaine, especially in the absence of needle tracks pointing to previous intravenous drug abuse and/or negative toxicology.
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PMID:Respiratory complications of cocaine abuse. 158 7

A 63 year old woman developed progressive shortness of breath, pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory failure and died from pulmonary fibrosis 45 years after thoracic fistulography with Thorotrast. Bouts of acute respiratory failure occurred with features of noncardiogenic pulmonary oedema. Lung tissue obtained by biopsy and at necropsy showed abundant radioactive particles of thorium dioxide in the lungs. The particles were congregated in the walls of blood vessels and in perivascular fibrous zones, consistent with a causal role of Thorotrast in the development of lung fibrosis. It is suggested that the fibrosis was due to the combined effects of alpha radiation on the interstitial perivascular zones and of recurrent pulmonary oedema due to endothelial damage.
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PMID:Lung fibrosis induced by Thorotrast. 225 23

The clinical features of 304 patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without hypertension were studied retrospectively. This inner city population consisted of 172 (57%) males and 132 (43%) females; 155 (51%) patients were black, 88 (29%) Hispanic, and 61 (20%) white by self-identification. Hypertension (greater than or equal to 160/95 mmHg) was present on admission in 46% (139) of patients. Typical ischaemic chest pain was the most common presenting symptom and occurred with a similar frequency in patients with and without hypertension. However, the group with hypertension consisted of proportionately more females than males, more frequently had previously diagnosed hypertension and congestive heart failure, and more often presented with shortness of breath and pulmonary oedema. The racial distribution, mean ages, prevalence of angina, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes, smoking, family history of cardiovascular disease, type of myocardial infarction, peak creatinine phosphokinase, plasma cholesterol, and mortality rates were similar in both groups. Thus, female sex, history of hypertension, history of congestive heart failure, and pulmonary oedema characterised patients with compared to those without hypertension. These findings suggest that the higher mortality rate observed in hypertensives during follow-up after myocardial infarction may be due, at least in part, to more severe underlying left ventricular dysfunction.
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PMID:Atypical myocardial infarction and hypertension: an inner city experience. 233 76

Three cases of high altitude pulmonary edema (Hurtado's disease) are described. The onset of the symptoms occurred within 72 hours after arrival from the sea level. Their main clinical features were dry cough, shortness of breath, tachycardia, progressive dyspnea and weakness. Rales and obstructive bronchial signs were detected on chest auscultation. Treatment included oxygen administration, diuretics and bed rest, with satisfactory clinical evolution within four days. Hurtado's disease is a form of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, increased pulmonary vascular pressure and permeability are, probably, the main factors in its development. It has been suggested that both factors could a be consequence of hypobaric hypoxia.
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PMID:[Pulmonary edema in high altitude]. 248 89

The clinical features of an inner-city population of 304 patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (MI) with and without typical chest pain, were studied retrospectively. This population consisted of 172 men and 132 women; 155 (51%) were black, 88 (29%) hispanic, and 61 (20%) white, by self-identification. Typical ischemic chest pain was the presenting symptom in 85% (258); 15% (46) presented with nonchest symptoms, most frequently shortness of breath, abdominal pain, and dizziness. But the frequency of such nonchest symptoms was similar in both groups. When patients were grouped by the presence or absence of chest pain, the proportions of those without chest pain were significantly higher for blacks (22.7%) than hispanics (9.1%, P = 0.001) or whites (4.9%, P less than 0.01). Patients without chest pain also had higher admission systolic (P less than 0.01) and diastolic (P less than 0.01) blood pressures and more frequent histories of congestive heart failure (P less than 0.05), and more often presented with pulmonary edema (P = 0.001) than those with chest pain. Both groups were similar in age, sex, history of hypertension, and presence of hypertension on admission, defined as greater than or equal to 160/95 mmHg, prevalence of diabetes, history of smoking, previous MI, type of MI, history of angina, and mortality rates. Patients without chest pain were characterized by black race, history of congestive heart failure, elevated blood pressure and pulmonary edema than those with typical ischemic chest pain. Thus significant delays in the diagnosis and treatment of this important clinical entity may be reduced by alerting clinicians to these features and by educating selected patient groups.
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PMID:Clinical features of patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting with and without typical chest pain: an inner city experience. 252 Aug 50

We present a rare case of aortitis syndrome associated with dilatation of aorta and coarctation-like effect due to the intraluminal flap formation originated from dissected wall of the aorta. A 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of shortness of breath, palpitation and cough. On admission, her physical status showed congestive heart failure and hypertension of upper extremities and hypotension of lower extremities. Bruits were audible over the neck, the anterior chest and the back. Serological studies showed active inflammation. Chest X-ray film showed upper mediastinal widening, cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema. Aortitis syndrome was strongly suggested by these clinical findings, so that prednisolone therapy was started on 3rd hospital day. Special examinations were performed several days later when inflammatory changes showed a tendency to improve. Chest CT scan, RI angiography and MRI studies showed an aneurysmal dilatation from the ascending aorta to the mid-thoracic aorta. Aortography demonstrated a flap at the terminal portion of this aneurysmal dilatation and grade II (Sellars) aortic regurgitation. There was a pressure difference of 80 mmHg between the parts abutting cranial and caudal sides of the flap. A surgical operation was, then, performed to correct the pressure difference. The dissected wall was extruded toward the aortic lumen creating a flap (2 cm in length). This flap was resected and an artificial graft was inserted. Histologically, the flap consisted of adventitia, media and intima.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of aortitis syndrome which presented coarctation of aorta due to intraluminal flap formation in the middle of the thoracic aorta]. 272 9

The chest radiographs of 71 patients who had chest pain or shortness of breath following the smoking of highly potent "crack" cocaine were retrospectively evaluated. Nine patients had abnormal findings on radiographs as follows: atelectasis or localized parenchymal opacification in four, pneumomediastinum in two, pneumothorax in one, hemopneumothorax in one, and pulmonary edema in one. Radiographic detection of these abnormalities was important in the clinical management of these patients. This spectrum of findings is presented with a discussion of the pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible.
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PMID:Chest pain and dyspnea related to "crack" cocaine smoking: value of chest radiography. 274 26


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