Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We used a single-pass multiple tracer technique to measure cardiac output, extravascular lung water (EVLW) and lung vascular [14C]urea permeability-surface area (PSu) in 14 patients with acute respiratory failure and pulmonary edema. All patients had increased EVLW, but EVLW in the 10 surviving patients (0.26 +/- 0.06 SE ml/ml total lung capacity [TLC]) was not significantly different from that in the five patients who died (0.22 +/- 0.05). EVLW did not correlate with intravascular pressures or with alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (A-aDO2). PSu was lower in surviving patients (0.50 +/- 0.16 SE ml/s X liter TLC) than in patients who died (3.44 +/- 0.36; P less than 0.05) and also lower than in previously reported data in patients with normal PSu. PSu correlated significantly with A-aDO2. Serial studies showed that PSu returned from a low value toward normal in a patient who survived but remained high in a patient who died. We conclude that the amount of edema in the lungs measured by indicator methods was not the principal determinant of either the magnitude of oxygenation defect or survival in the patients studied. We interpret the low PSu in surviving patients as decreased surface area and infer that the ability of the lung circulation to reduce perfusion of damaged and edematous areas was important in preserving oxygenation. A high PSu, presumably reflecting perfusion of areas with increased permeability, was a sign of especially poor prognosis. Multiple tracer techniques for measuring lung vascular PSu may help to define the pathogenesis and to evaluate therapies of acute lung injury in humans. Such measurements may be a more useful clinical tool than measurements of lung water in patients with acute respiratory failure and pulmonary edema.
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PMID:Correlation of oxygenation with vascular permeability-surface area but not with lung water in humans with acute respiratory failure and pulmonary edema. 687 50

This report describes a case of paraquat poisoning, treated with continuous positive airway pressure. After an initial phase of acute respiratory failure with diffuse pulmonary edema, we observed radiologically a complete clearing of both lungs, associated with an aspect of overdistension. Surprisingly, FRC was above normal, as was total quasi static compliance. The patient died on the 15th day, with intractable hypoxemia. Pathologic analysis revealed large zones of parenchyma with overdistended airspaces, explaining the emphysematous-like aspect of the lungs. We propose that the attempts to increase lung volume with CPAP, at an early phase of diffuse epithelial disorganization, may have, partially at least, dilated the remaining distal airspaces.
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PMID:PEEP-induced airspace overdistension complicating paraquat lung. 704 28

Extensive pneumonias are usually implicated as the sole cause for acute respiratory failure complicating severe neutropenia in hematologic malignancies and are often fatal. We report study of 11 patients investigated and treated in intensive care unit, using transtracheal aspiration, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) via face mask and granulocyte transfusions Two groups of patients emerged from this study. The first group with immediately diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, positive blood cultures, negative tracheal cultures, marked improvement in hypoxemia during CPAP, benefits from granulocyte transfusion without impairment in ventilatory status and may be considered as non-hemodynamic pulmonary oedema. The second group with localized pulmonary infiltrates, negative blood cultures and positive tracheal culture, slight improvement in hypoxemia during CPAP, gets no benefit from granulocyte transfusion, with additional impairment in ventilatory status and may be considered as acute extensive pneumonias.
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PMID:[Acute pulmonary infiltrates in hematologic malignancies in aplasia (author's transl)]. 704 38

The case of a patient who developed severe acute respiratory failure during therapy for salicylate intoxication is described. The individual with aspirin overdose is at risk for this complication because of the potential for treatment modalities to cause or worsen lung edema initiated by the effects of salicylates on the pulmonary capillary bed.
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PMID:Acute respiratory failure during therapy for salicylate intoxication. 722 50

When a parturient develops clinical and roentgenographic evidence of pulmonary edema during labor or delivery, the obstetric staff often concludes that iatrogenic overhydration or left ventricular failure is the cause. This impression may be reinforced by increased central venous pressure measurements. Although acute respiratory failure (ARF) (non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema) is well described in the medical and surgical literature, the diagnosis is rarely, if ever, made in the obstetric patient unless aspiration pneumonitis is suspected. Unfortunately the usual historic and clinical findings do not differentiate ARF from cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The diagnosis of ARF is based on the finding of pulmonary edema in the absence of an elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. As invasive cardiovascular monitoring is not usually part of the obstetrician's armamentarium, many cases of ARF may be mislabeled and mistreated as cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Four illustrative cases are presented.
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PMID:Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and invasive cardiovascular monitoring. 724 45

A 36-year-old man developed extreme shortness of breath after injecting "freebase" cocaine intravenously. Clinical and radiographic evaluation confirmed acute pulmonary edema, and blood gas studies substantiated acute respiratory failure. Despite vigorous therapy, the patient died three hours after admission. When cocaine use causes death, generally it is by respiratory collapse. Although the post-mortem finding of pulmonary edema after cocaine use has been reported, to our knowledge, this is the first reported death due to clinical pulmonary edema after the intravenous use of freebase cocaine.
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PMID:Fatal pulmonary edema following intravenous "freebase" cocaine use. 725 60

The possibility that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition might favorably inhibit the development of animal adult respiratory distress syndrome models was investigated in two groups of dogs; one group was pretreated with indomethacin 3 mg/kg. Both groups received oleic acid 0.15 mg/kg. Measurements of gas exchange and hemodynamics were performed every hour for 5 hours following embolization. Severe pulmonary edema developed in both groups. The indomethacin pretreated group responded similarly to the control group; there was no difference in the 5 hour course of Pa02 (p = .34), P(A-a)02 (p = .21) or QS/QT (p = .99). Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition did not favorably influence the immediate development of acute respiratory failure following oleic acid.
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PMID:Failure of indomethacin to prevent or ameliorate oleic acid pulmonary edema in the dog. 741 46

Acute respiratory failure that is unresponsive to medical treatment requires ventilatory support. Non-invasive treatment with a nose or face mask is an alternative to endotracheal intubation in awake and cooperative patients. In patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) increases cardiac output. CPAP-treatment is also effective in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure and oxygenation difficulties, but in these conditions pressure or volume-cycled positive pressure ventilation with a mask as an interface often has more to offer. The method reduces the need for endotracheal intubation and hence the time spent by the patient in the intensive care unit, but the need for personnel resources is equal. Possible clinical problems are skin erosions on the bridge of the nose due to pressure from the mask, and systemic hypotension.
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PMID:[Use of a mask as an alternative to endotracheal intubation in acute respiratory failure]. 777 Aug 28

A 69-year-old woman suddenly suffered massive hemoptysis and was admitted to the hospital. The test of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies was negative. Chest radiograph showed diffuse infiltrative shadows similar to those of lung edema in the both lung fields. The patient's condition worsened gradually during the next 3 weeks, with repeated massive hemoptysis. Steroid pulse therapy had limited effects on the progressive respiratory failure, and the patient died. Autopsy showed alveolar hemorrhage and macrophages containing haemosiderin. Immunofluoresence microscopy showed no deposits of immunoglobulin in the kidney. Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis of adult onset with acute respiratory failure is rare in Japan.
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PMID:[A case of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis of adult onset]. 785 79

Endoscopic injection of sclerosing agents is a strategy for control of esophageal varix bleeding. Five percent solution of ethanolamine oleate(EO) has been used as sclerosing agent. It is well known that intravascular injection of oleic acid induces acute respiratory failure in animal models. However, EO-induced noncardiogenic pulmonary edema has not been reported in human. We report a case of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema developed after therapeutic trial of EO as sclerosing agent for esophageal varix.
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PMID:A case of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema by ethanolamine oleate. 786 88


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