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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of controlled respiration as treatment in 20 patients with complicated myocardial infarction are presented. The clinical indications to this method of treatment included: shock, pulmonary oedema refractory to treatment, recurrent ventricular fibrillation and respirator failure following cardiac arrest. An indication for the use of this method is a drop in PaO2 below 70 mm Hg despite breathing 30% oxygen. Neuroleptanalgesic drugs were administered routinely while the patient was on the respirator. In all cases at least two prognostically unfavourable clinical signs were found. A correlation was observed between the clinical result and hypoxaemia after breathing 100% oxygen.
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PMID:The use of respirators in patients with complicated myocardial infarction. 106 64

It is reported on the results of the treatment with artificial ventilation in 20 patients with complicated myocardial infarction. As indicating sign a decreased arterial PO2 (lower than 70 Torr at an respiration of 50% O2 in the respiration air) was considered. Further references to clinical indications were depression of the breathing centre, severe pulmonary oedema, shock and life-threatening therapy-resistent disturbances of the rhythm. The long-term successes of the treatment with controlled respiration showed a clear dependence on the severity of the cardiac lesion and the general condition of the patient. In 10 cases only a transient improvement could be achieved. Three patients survived.
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PMID:[The clinical significance of controlled artificial respiration in patients with acute myocardial infarct]. 119 86

The levels of kininogen, prekallikrein and kininase activity in the plasma of 54 patients with myocardial infarction were studied. It was demonstrated that in acute myocardial infarction (during the first two days after its onset) the level of kininogen and that of prekallikrein decreased simultaneously. After two weeks of the disease both these parameters returned to the values obtained in healthy controls. No correlation was observed between the degree of fall of kininogen and prekallikrein levels on the one hand, and the extent of myocardial infarction, on the other. Complications of myocardial infarction in the form of shock and pulmonary oedema affected only the level of kininogen which decreased, while they were without effect on prekallikrein. Kininase activity was reduced in all cases of myocardial infarction and did not change for two weeks. It seems likely that the biological activity of kinins in myocardial infarction may rise owing to their inadaequate breakdown by kininase.
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PMID:Changes in the plasma kinin system in patients with myocardial infarction. 120 57

In intensive therapy units, especially in guarded wards for coronary diseases, the lethality in acute myocardial infarction could be reduced by ca. 50%. However, these favourable results are nowadays of importance for the patients concerned only then, when the diagnosis myocardial infarction or the tentative diagnosis infarction are made in a short period and already prehospitally adequate measures are begun. The following measures are in the centre of prehospital care: Immediate home visit when a suspicion of infarction is present, immediate hospitalisation into an in-patient facility, alleviation of pain, immediate treatment of complications (disturbances of cardiac rhythm, shock, pulmonary oedema, cardiac arrest), prevention of disturbances of the cardiac rhythm. According to the modern knowledge is to be assumed that about 50% of the patients with infarction undergo a premonitory stage which lasts for hours, days or weeks. It is possible that here develop concrete approaches to an infarction prophylaxis. In the first place there are an increase of frequency, intensity and duration of the attacks of angina pectoris, insufficient responsiveness to nitrangin, provocation of the attacks by slight causes and changes of the ECG as they are typical for the inner layer and outer layer ischaemia and the so-called rudimentary infarction. The treatment of the preinfarction process should immediately be begun, at best under clinical conditions.
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PMID:[Preinfarct and prehospital care of myocardial infarction]. 121 38

The authors found acute circulatory insufficiency (cardiac asthma, pulmonary edema or cardiogenic shock in 26.2 per cent of the patients among the followed up 1400 patients with myocardial infarction. Insufficiency is more frequently met among women (36 per cent) while among men it is 22 per cent and grows with age advancing of the patients. A substantial number of the patients with acute circulatory insufficiency were admitted to the hospital in grave states, and failed to be affected by the complex therapeutic approach, and 62 per cent of them died. Total mortality rate in all 1400 patients is 28 per cent and in the patients without circulatory insufficiency- 13 per cent. In spite of the fact that of serious morphological picture was established in the deceased with acute circulatory insufficiency- the authors find it necessary to apply the following in the patients with acute myocardial infarction: simultaneity in the performance of diagnostic and therapeutic measures; attempt to detect the "signal signs" of the acute circulatory insufficiency as early as possible, and effective treatment with inclusion of new methods, offered by the modern science.
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PMID:[Acute circulatory insufficiency in the early phase of myocardial infarct: its frequency, clinical forms and the outcomes with 1400 patients]. 122 20

Epidemiologic investigations have provided a portrait of the potential candidate for coronary heart disease. This is important because studies of the evolution of coronary disease in the general population reveal that it is a common disease that frequently attacks without warning, can be silent in its most dangerous form and can present with sudden death as the first symptom. Progress in identifyin- persons in jeopardy and the factors needing correction makes it theoretically possible to interrupt the chain of factors that eventuate in this disease. Coronary disease does not really begin with crushing chest pain, pulmonary edema, shock, angina or ventricular fibrillation, but rather with more subtle signs like a poor coronary risk profile. The risk factors can be treated quantitatively as ingredients of a cardiovascular risk profile and their joint effect estimated. An efficient practicable set of variables for this purpose is a casual blood test for cholesterol and sugar, a blood pressure determination, an electrocardiogram and a cigarette smoking history. With this set of variables the risk of coronary heart diseases can be estimated over a 30-fold range and 10 percent of the asymptomatic population identified in whom 25 percent of the coronary disease, 40 percent of the occlusive peripheral arterial disease and 50 percent of the strokes and congestive heart failure will evolve. The periodic use of the electrocardiogram at rest and after exercise in persons with a poor risk profile can demonstrate persons with asymptomatic ischemic cardiomyopathy due to advanced coronary artery disease. Most cases of angina pectoris or myocardial infarction represent medical failures; the conditions should have been detected years earlier for preventive management. About 30 percent of patients with infraction will shortly experience new angina, have an annual death rate of 4 percent and a fourfold increased risk of sudden death. Reinfarction will occur at an annual rate of 6 percent, and half the recurrences will be fatal. Congestive heart failure must be expected at 10 times and strokes at 5 times the rate found in the general population. Although no major innovations are required to identify candidates for coronary disease and to estimate their risk, we have much to learn about motivating changes in behavior to control risk factors. Approaches to prevention of coronary heart disease include public health measures to alter the ecology in favor of cardiovascular health, preventive medicine directed at highly vulnerable candidates and hygienic measures initiated by an informed public in its own behalf.
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PMID:Some lessons in cardiovascular epidemiology from Framingham. 124 56

In order to trace the changes in blood oxygenation and disturbances of the acid-base equilibrium in myocardial infarction, investigations were carried out in 136 patients aged 39-83 years. The values of blood oxygenation and the acid-base status were determined on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day of the disease, and then after one, two and three to four weeks. Besides this, in 38 patients determinations were performed 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the onset of the disease. The determinations were careied out with a micro-Astrup unit "Radiometer". It was demonstrated that hypoxaemia is very frequent complication of myocardial infarction since it appears in about 60% of cases of uncomplicated infarction. The intensity of hypoxaemia is greatest after 2-3 days. The intensity and duration of hypoxaemia depend on the clinical course of myocardial infarction. The most intense and longest persisting hypoxaemia was seen in patients with shock and/or acute left-ventricular failure. In nearly 25% of cases hypoxaemia was present even six months after the onset of the disease. Slight metabolic acidosis was observed on the 1st day of the disease in 37% of the cases, while severe metabolic acidosis was present in patients with shock and pulmonary oedema. Compensated metabolic acidosis was found in 50-60% of the cases during one year after myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Blood oxygenation and disturbances of the acid-base equilibrium in myocardial infarction. 126 Dec 72

The observation was conducted in 96 patients with micro-focal myocardial infarction who developed recurrences within the acute or subacute period (up to 2 months). In 47 patients the secondary infarction was of a micro-focal nature, in 49 -- macro-focal. Recurrence of micro-focal infarctions was observed predominantly in aged patients with a long history of angina pectoris who have had repeated myocardial infarctions earlier. Recurrent macro-focal myocardial infarctions were more often noted in younger patients with a brief coronary history, their primary infarction having been of a micro-focal nature. In both groups of patients congestive cardiac insufficiency and pulmonary oedema were often noted. Cardiogenic shock was mainly seen in those with relapses of macro-focal myocardial infarction. Recurrent microfocal myocardial infarction was often characterized by the development of rhythm and conductivity disorders and high mortality rate, especially when the recurrence was of a macro-focal type.
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PMID:[Micro-focal myocardial infarct with a relapsing course]. 127 27

The aim of the study was to assess the clinical course of myocardial infarction complicated by atrioventricular conduction disorders. The patient group consisted of 155 subjects, 117 men and 38 women, aged 31-91 (mean = 61 years). Analysis included the type and frequency of AV conduction disorders with respect to the infarct site and size, the presence of complications, therapy used with particular consideration of temporary electrical stimulation. AV conduction disorders were found in 15.8% of patients with myocardial infarction. They were found significantly more frequently in those with the inferior myocardial infarction. The patients with the infarction complicated by AV conduction disorders showed more extensive myocardial necrosis, with the degree of the block correlating with the infarct size, more frequent occurrence of such complications as cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema. Despite the use of electrical stimulation the mortality rate in the myocardial infarction complicated by complete AV block was high, reaching 50.7%.
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PMID:[Assessment of clinical course of myocardial infarction complicated by atrioventricular conduction disorders]. 130 66

Overall 342 patients with small-focal myocardial infarction were analyzed for hospital complications and for outcomes during one- and four-year observation periods in groups with different magnitudes of the T parameter. The latter one is the negative T wave on the ECG computed similarly to the Z. L. Dolabchian's index for Q and R waves on days 1-2 and 28 of myocardial infarction. The use of the T parameter allows predicting the most frequently occurring complications during the hospital observation period and recurrent myocardial infarction and cardial death during the period indicated. In the acute stage, the magnitudes of the T parameter from 1 to 24 conventional units are predictors of the complications: lung edema, cardiogenic shock, rhythm disorders, myocardial infarction relapses, particularly in able-bodied men. If the T parameter amounts from 78 to 648 conventional units in the acute stage and on day 28, this suggests a high risk of repeated myocardial infarction and cardial death for one- and 4-year observation periods in accordance with materials of the "Myocardial Infarction Register" program in Novosibirsk.
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PMID:[The prognosis of the course and outcome of small-focus myocardial infarct depending on the T-index values on the ECG based on data from the Novosibirsk Myocardial Infarct Registry program]. 152 59


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