Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe mitral stenosis of rapid onset and progression was observed in a patient with infective endocarditis superimposed upon mild rheumatic mitral valvular stenosis. This severe stenosis resulted from large vegetations impinging upon the mitral valve orifice. Preoperative studies indicating mitral stenosis with vegetations and pulmonary edema were followed by emergency mitral valve replacement, which was sucessful.
 ...
PMID:Acute mitral valvular obstruction from infective endocarditis: echocardiographic diagnosis and report of the second successfully treated case. 44 78

Thirty patients with mitral stenosis were examined according to the Bakulev-Damir classification during right heart catheterization at rest, with loading and during the rehabilitation period. The relationships found between the extent of the resistance at rest and the character of the degree of its changes at loading, reflecting the stenosis evolution, provide grounds for the differentiation of four stages, four substages resp., in its classification, namely: Second A substage with sinus rhythm, without included protective reaction of a. Pulmonalis periphery at rest, with markedly manifested peripheral vasodilation with loading. Second B substage with sinus rhythm, protective reaction of a. Pulmonalis periphery at rest included to a lesser degree, excluded loading, with a following manifested vasodilation. Second C substage with absolute arrhythmia, included to a lesser degree protective reaction of a. Pulmonalis periphery at rest, excluded with loading, with a following slighter vasodilation. Second D substage with sinus rhythm, included protective reaction at a. Pulmonalis periphery at rest, considerably intensified with loading. The extent and dynamics of the rest of the values studied are followed up in the separate stenosis substages aiming at their complete hemodynamic characterization. The pathogenetic mechanism of the pulmonary edema in the second stenosis stage is analyzed, not rarely conditioning the clinical pardox "minor stenosis of mitral valve with menacing pulmonary edemas".
 ...
PMID:[Hemodynamic classification of 2d-stage mitral stenosis]. 65 32

Severe pathological changes in the cardiac valves are often observed at an early age in children in the developing countries. Mitral stenosis is best managed by closed commissurotomy. However, mitral insufficiency, aortic insufficiency and tricuspid lesions may lead to life-threatening hemodynamic effects which necessitate valve replacement. This differs from experience in the developed countries where surgery for rheumatic valvular disease is limited to the adult. Our experience includes 33 children aged 5 to 16 years. Twenty-four children underwent single valve replacement, eight had two valves replaced and one had triple valve replacement. All were classified Grade IV or late Grade III (New York Heart Association). Four children had to be operated on despite known rheumatic activity. Two children in shock and pulmonary edema underwent emergency operation. There were two hospital deaths and eight late deaths. Patients have been followed for up to eight years. Twenty children are now classified as Grade I and lead completely normal lives and the remaining three are classified as Grade II. Postoperative catheterization studies have documented improvement from severe preoperative hemodynamic changes to near normal values at rest after operation. The cardiothoracic ratio has decreased impressively. We conclude that the natural history of rheumatic heart disease in children with severely damaged heart valves is favorably modified by valve replacement.
 ...
PMID:Long-term results of valve replacement in children suffering from rheumatic heart disease. 111

The rationale of undertaing operative interventions in pregnant women with mitral stenosis of the III and IV stages is analyzed. On the basis of his investigations the author thinks that in women with severe mitral stenosis of the II and IV stages and with the gestation term of up to 30 weeks mitral commissurotomy is indicated. In patients at these stages of the disease and with full-term pregnancy laparotomy may be performed when there is no pulmonary edema and no risk of its development. Simultaneous mitral commissurotomy and cesarian section are indicated in women with mitral stenosis of the III and IV stages and full-term pregnancy in cases of already existing pulmonary edema or when there is a danger of its development.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical tactics in pregnant women with mitral valve stenosis]. 114 97

A previously unreported combination of critical pulmonary valve stenosis and mitral stenosis is described. The initial clinical presentation was one of right ventricular failure that obscured the evidence of pulmonary venous hypertension. Following pulmonary valvulotomy, pulmonary edema ensued because of the increased pulmonary blood flow. The importance of urgent cardiac catheterization postoperatively following an operation that increases pulmonary blood flow is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary edema following pulmonary valvulotomy. 119 Aug 90

Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy using the Inoue balloon was performed in seven pregnant women between May 1990 and November 1991. The mean age of the group was 31.5 years (range 28-35 years). The mean gestation time was 29 weeks (range 20-38 weeks). All patients presented with severe symptoms; two had a recent history of pulmonary oedema, the rest exhibited marked shortness of breath, and mild exercise and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. All were in sinus rhythm. Two patients had previously undergone closed mitral valvulotomy five and 14 years before their recent hospitalization. Echocardiographic examination revealed severe mitral stenosis, with the mitral valve area being less than 1.2 cm2 in all but one patient. None of the patients had left atrial thrombi or mitral regurgitation as seen on two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Four patients (two with restenosis) had severe lesions of the subvalvular apparatus with thickening and marked shortening of the chordae, as assessed by echocardiography. Successful percutaneous mitral valvulotomy was completed in all seven patients using 25-28 mm Inoue balloons. There was one, transient maternal complications. Fetal complication did not occur. It is concluded that percutaneous, transseptal, mitral balloon valvulotomy during pregnancy with the Inoue balloon is a safe procedure, which can be recommended for suitable clinical cases.
 ...
PMID:Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy with the Inoue balloon for severe mitral stenosis during pregnancy. 134 30

Pulmonary capillaries have extremely thin walls to allow rapid exchange of respiratory gases across them. Recently it has been shown that the wall stresses become very large when the capillary pressure is raised, and in anaesthetised rabbits, ultrastructural damage to the walls is seen at pressures of 40 mm Hg and above. The changes include breaks in the capillary endothelial layer, alveolar epithelial layer, and sometimes all layers of the wall. The strength of the thin part of the capillary wall can be attributed to the type IV collagen in the extracellular matrix. Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries results in a high-permeability form of oedema, or even frank haemorrhage, and is apparently the mechanism of neurogenic pulmonary oedema and high-altitude pulmonary oedema. It also explains the exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage that occurs in all racehorses. Several features of mitral stenosis are consistent with stress failure. Overinflation of the lung also leads to stress failure, a common cause of increased capillary permeability in the intensive care environment. Stress failure also occurs if the type IV collagen of the capillary wall is weakened by autoantibodies as in Goodpasture's syndrome. Neutrophil elastase degrades type IV collagen and this may be the starting point of the breakdown of alveolar walls that is characteristic of emphysema. Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries is a hitherto overlooked and potentially important factor in lung and heart disease.
 ...
PMID:Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries: role in lung and heart disease. 809 42

We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who underwent mitral valvuloplasty during the 23rd week of gestation, following an episode of pulmonary edema. Dilation, performed without complications, increased mitral valve area from 0.9 to 1.8 cm2, cardiac output from 4.8 to 5.9 l/min, and decreased mean transvalvular gradient from 13.2 to 5 mmHg. The patient delivered spontaneously a full-term normal baby. Echocardiographic evaluation at 6 months confirmed the persistency of procedure's good outcome. According to some Authors and to our results it can be inferred that mitral valvuloplasty is a feasible and effective treatment for critical mitral stenosis during pregnancy.
 ...
PMID:[Critical mitral stenosis in pregnancy: description of a case treated with percutaneous valvuloplasty]. 142 71

Catheter balloon mitral valvulotomy was performed in two patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis on the 28th and 24th weeks of pregnancy. The operation in the first patient was carried out at the onset of pulmonary edema. The results of treatment were good in both cases. The area of the mitral orifice in the patients increased from 1.5 and 1.6 to 3.2 and 3.5 cm2, the pressure gradient between the left atrium and the left ventricle reduced from 40 and 30 to 6 and 4 mm Hg. This was attended by disappearance of diastolic murmur and clinical manifestations of pulmonary congestion in both patients. Mitral regurgitation did not develop after the operation. Roentgenoscopy lasted 20 and 33 minutes. Screens were used to protect the fetus from the direct effect of X-rays. Pregnancy terminated in both patients by spontaneous at term delivery. They gave birth to two healthy girls. Catheter balloon mitral valvuloplasty does not yield to closed mitral commissurotomy in efficacy. Due to its low traumatizing property and no need for general anesthesia this intervention is preferable for pregnant females suffering from mitral stenosis.
 ...
PMID:[Balloon catheter mitral valvuloplasty in pregnant women]. 146 47

A woman of 38 was admitted for urgent surgery of severe mitral stenosis causing pulmonary oedema. Echocardiography showed a pericardial effusion with apparent distortion and collapse of the left ventricle. Urgent drainage of the effusion before mitral valve surgery led to an improvement in cardiac output with no detectable change in right heart pressures.
 ...
PMID:Severe rheumatic mitral stenosis with pericardial effusion causing left ventricular tamponade. 155 47


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>