Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034063 (pulmonary edema)
 10,665 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is typically associated with impaired left ventricular (LV) systolic performance. Few reports exist describing the long-term outcome in patients with CHF and normal LV systolic function. Fifty-two patients initially hospitalized with CHF and intact LV function (ejection fraction greater than or equal to 45%) were followed for 7 years. Mean age when initially identified was 71 +/- 11 years (range 36 to 96), and average LV ejection fraction was 61 +/- 11%. CHF was graded by a clinicoradiographic index, with a mean of 7.0 +/- 2.3 (range 3 to 12, 13 indicates worst CHF). A third heart sound was present in 19 patients (37%), and 17 (33%) had presented with acute pulmonary edema. Principal cardiovascular diagnoses were coronary artery disease in 27 (52%), hypertensive heart disease in 16 (31%) and restrictive cardiomyopathy in 7 (13%). At 7 years, cardiovascular mortality was 46% (24 of 52), and noncardiovascular mortality was 10% (5 of 52). Survival was not correlated with age, principal diagnosis, third heart sound, pulmonary edema at presentation, LV ejection fraction, or presence or degree of LV diastolic dysfunction. Cardiovascular morbidity, consisting of nonfatal recurrent CHF, myocardial infarction, unstable angina or other cardiovascular events occurred in 29% (15 of 52). Combined cardiovascular mortality and morbidity was 75% (39 of 52). In patients with CHF, intact LV systolic function does not confer the same favorable prognosis it defines in other clinical situations. For such patients, the risk of future cardiovascular events is high, a finding that should be considered when designing therapeutic strategies in this group.
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PMID:Long-term outcome in patients with congestive heart failure and intact systolic left ventricular performance. 157 93

Excessive numbers of moderator bands bridging the left ventricular septum and free wall and entangling papillary muscles were associated with heart failure and death in 21 cats. Clinical findings included dyspnea, anorexia, hypothermia, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, plumonary edema, heart murmurs, gallop rhythm, electrocardiographic abnormalities (especially conduction disturbances), increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, angiocardiographic evidence of left ventricular restriction, and aortic thromboembolism. Pathologic changes included a morphologically distinct network of abnormal numbers of moderator bands in the left ventricle, left ventricular hypertrophy (younger cats--mean age, 4 years) or dilatation (older cats--mean age, 8.7 years), left atrial enlargement and hypertrophy, and pulmonary edema with heart failure cells in the alveoli. Heart weights of affected cats were significantly less than those of cats with congestive, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy (endocardial fibrosis), but were not significantly less than heart weights of clinically normal cats. Pathologic changes were characteristic of the syndrome grossly and histologically, but clinical findings were not clearly definable.
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PMID:Excessive moderator bands in the left ventricle of 21 cats. 621 23

Feline and canine cardiomyopathies (primary myocardial diseases) were reviewed and divided into three groups based on the clinical, hemodynamic, angiocardiographic, and pathologic findings: (1) feline and canine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, (2) feline and canine congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy, and (3) feline restrictive cardiomyopathy. All three groups consisted predominantly of mature adult male cats and dogs. Cardiomyopathy in the hamster and turkey was also reviewed. The most common presenting signs were dyspnea and/or thromboembolism in the cat, systolic murmurs with gallop rhythms on auscultation, cardiomegaly with (groups 1 and 3) or without (group 2) pulmonary edema, abnormal electrocardiograms, elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, and angiocardiographic evidence of mitral regurgitation with left ventricular concentric hypertrophy (group 1), left ventricular dilatation (group 2), or midventricular stenosis (group 3). Some cats in groups 1 and 3 also had evidence of left ventricular outflow obstruction. The principal pathologic findings in all of the cats and dogs were left atrial dilation, hypertrophy, increased septal:left ventricular free wall thickness ratio with disorganization of cardiac muscle cells (group 1); dilatation of the four chambers with degeneration of cardiac muscle cells (group 2); and extensive endocardial fibrosis and adhesion of the left ventricle (group 3). Aortic thromboembolism was commonly observed in the cats of all three groups. These clinical and pathologic findings indicate that cardiomyopathy in the cat or dog is similar to the three forms of cardiomyopathy in humans (hypertrophic, congestive, and restrictive).
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PMID:Animal models of primary myocardial diseases. 644 12