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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Ten patients with chronic urinary tract infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Proteus species were treated with carfecillin. Excellent response was seen in one case, fairly good in 5 cases and clinical effective rate was 60%. 2. The recurrence suppression effect of carfecillin was examined in two patients suffering from complicated urinary tract infection. In both cases, recurrence was not found when carfecillin was administered for a week after the effective pretreatment of carbenicillin, but found when administered for two weeks. 3. Side effects were observed in 3 cases (itching, tinnitus, diarrhea).
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PMID:[Clinical study of carfecillin in chronic urinary tract infection (author's transl)]. 59 60

200 Sudanese children (105 males, 95 females) with otitis media (OM) were studied. They ranged in age from 3 months-15 years, with 41.5% under the age of 2. The presenting symptoms included ear discharge in 96% and pyrexia in 26.5%. Earache and itching were reported in 22.5% and 7.0%, respectively, and 7.0% experienced impaired hearing. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from 115 (70.1%) of 164 cultures from children with chronically discharging ears. Organisms isolated in order of frequency were: proteus species, Klebsiella with other coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. 60 of 84 (71.4%) cultures from children with acute OM grew pathogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella with other coliforms were the most common pathogens. Proteus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were less frequent but beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli were the least common. Antibiotic sensitivity results show that the majority of isolates from children with discharging ears were sensitive to Gentamicin, followed by cotrimoxazole and streptomycin. The majority of organisms showed poor sensitivity to ampicillin and penicillin. The results of this study show that cotrimoxazole is the drug of choice for the treatment of children with OM.
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PMID:Otitis media in Sudanese children: presentation and bacteriology. 179 30

In parenteral drug abuse, cutaneous manifestations are very common. A variety of skin lesions are indicators of a possible drug addiction: obliteration of peripheral veins and hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin, punched-out scars due to subcutaneous injection, persistent edema following thrombophlebitis, and excoriations due to heroin pruritus. Infectious and non-infectious complications may be accompanied by typical skin alterations, such as ecthyma in sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multiple ulcers due to embolic infarct, or hypersensitivity reactions mediated by an immunological process. A variety of serious complications may develop at the injection sites: abscesses, gangrene, necrosis, or necrotizing fasciitis. These examples show that the dermatologist is in many ways involved in the care for addicted patients. In addition, these patients frequently suffer from sexually transmitted diseases or blood-borne infections; HIV-infection is rapidly spreading in this group. We now face new problems of differential diagnosis, especially since constitutional symptoms of HIV-infection may mimic symptoms of drug abuse and vice versa. Moreover, immunological alterations similar to those in HIV patients may even occur in drug addicts who are not infected with the virus.
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PMID:[Skin changes in drug-dependent patients]. 219 89

Imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) was administered to 55 patients with respiratory tract infections (RTI). A clinical evaluation of IPM/CS was carried out in 51 patients, 28 with pneumonia, 4 with pulmonary abscess, 1 with pyothorax, 6 with bronchitis, 9 with bronchiectasis, 1 with diffuse panbronchiolitis and 2 with RTI with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the clinical efficacy rate was 78.4%. Causative organisms were isolated in 23 strains out of 20 patients, such as Staphylococcus aureus 4 strains, Staphylococcus epidermidis 1 strain, Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 strain, Branhamella catarrhalis 1 strain, Haemophilus influenzae 2 strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae 4 strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6 strains, Pseudomonas sp. 1 strain, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 1 strain, Acinetobacter sp. 1 strain and glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative rod 1 strain. An eradication rate of 70.6% was obtained. An overall eradication rate of main causative organisms in RTI including S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and K. pneumoniae was 75.0%. Clinical adverse effects were observed in 5 patients, and these were eruption in 2, itching in 1, vomiting in 1 and drug fever in 1. Abnormalities in laboratory test results were observed in 8 patients. These disappeared or returned to normal values after completion or discontinuation of IPM/CS administration. IPM/CS appears to be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of RTI, especially severe infections.
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PMID:[Evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the treatment of respiratory tract infections]. 234 50

The efficacy and toxicity of sequential intravenous and oral ciprofloxacin therapy was compared with intravenously administered ceftazidime in a prospective, randomized, controlled, non-blinded trial. Thirty-two patients (16 patients receiving ciprofloxacin and 16 patients receiving ceftazidime) with 38 infections caused by susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enteric gram-negative rods, Salmonella group B, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas cepacia, and Xanthomonas maltophilia at various sites were evaluable for determination of efficacy. Length of therapy varied from seven to 25 days. Concomitant antimicrobials included intravenously administered beta-lactams for gram-positive organisms, intravenous/oral metronidazole and clindamycin for anaerobes, and intravenous/local amphotericin B for Candida albicans. Intravenous administration of 200 mg ciprofloxacin every 12 hours to 11 patients produced peak serum levels between 1.15 and 3.12 micrograms/ml; trough levels ranged between 0.08 and 0.86 micrograms/ml. Overall response rates were similar for patients receiving ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Emergence of resistance was similar in both groups--one Enterobacter cloacae and two P. aeruginosa became resistant after ciprofloxacin therapy and two P. aeruginosa became resistant after ceftazidime therapy. The frequency of superinfection with a variety of organisms was also similar in both groups. Adverse events related to ciprofloxacin included transient pruritus at the infusion site and generalized rash leading to drug discontinuation (one patient each), and with ceftazidime adverse effects included pain at the site of infusion and the development of allergic interstitial nephritis (one patient each). Overall, intravenous/oral ciprofloxin therapy appears to be as safe and effective as intravenous ceftazidime therapy in the treatment of a variety of infections due to susceptible aerobic gram-negative organisms.
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PMID:Intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin therapy versus intravenous ceftazidime therapy for selected bacterial infections. 268 17

The efficacy and toxicity of ciprofloxacin, an orally administered fluoroquinolone, were evaluated in 24 infections in 23 patients with osteomyelitis caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli. The diagnosis was confirmed by surgical findings and the results of bone biopsy and culture of bone or deep soft tissue. The aerobic gram-negative bacilli were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15 isolates), Serratia marcescens (five isolates), Escherichia coli (three isolates), Enterobacter species (three isolates), Proteus mirabilis (one isolate), Pseudomonas fluorescens (one isolate), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (one isolate). Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 1.56 micrograms/ml or less for all but one isolate. Nine infections were polymicrobial, involving aerobic gram-positive cocci or anaerobes in addition to aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Additional antibiotics to which the aerobic gram-negative bacilli were resistant were given when the additional organisms were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Patients received 750 mg of ciprofloxacin twice daily for a mean of 62 days. Peak serum levels of ciprofloxacin were at least threefold higher than the MBCs in 20 of 24 patients. Twenty of 22 infections in which a full course of therapy was completed were without evidence of active disease at one to 17 months posttreatment. A sternotomy wound infection relapsed after eight weeks of therapy with a newly resistant S. marcescens strain, and an infection of a compound fracture relapsed two months posttreatment with a still sensitive P. aeruginosa strain. Toxicity was minimal in most patients: eosinophilia (six patients), nausea (eight patients), mild elevation in transaminase levels (three patients), pruritus (one patient), diarrhea (two patients), thrush (two patients), rash (two patients), and mild leukopenia (one patient). Two additional patients had severe side effects (vertigo in one and acute renal failure in another) that required discontinuation of ciprofloxacin therapy. Overall, ciprofloxacin is a promising agent for the oral treatment of gram-negative bacillary osteomyelitis.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin therapy for gram-negative bacillary osteomyelitis. 355 45

Timentin (5.2 g tds) and tobramycin (40 mg tds) were administered to 51 patients (22 male, 29 female, age range 17-72, mean age 40.4) with acute leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia in blastic crisis, severe aplastic anaemia and acute agranulocytopenia. All patients had neutropenia (PMN less than 1000/mm3) and fever (greater than 38 degrees C). Febrile episodes consisted of 22 proved septicaemias due to Gram-positive organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, enterococcus) in 11 cases and to Gram-negative organisms (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alkaligenes faecalis, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae) in 10 cases. One patient had a polymicrobial infection (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, non-haemolytic streptococcus). Twenty-nine infections were diagnosed only clinically. The mean duration of treatment was 11.1 days (range 4-20 days). Eighty-seven per cent of evaluable febrile episodes improved. Among 11 infections due to Gram-positive cocci, eight (72%) resolved, and in nine (90%) of ten cases due to Gram-negative bacilli success was obtained. The polymicrobial infection also resolved. In only four patients were mild side effects seen, e.g. exanthema, pruritus, phlebitis: renal toxicity was not observed. These data suggest that the combination of Timentin and tobramycin is an effective and safe empirical antibiotic regimen in febrile neutropenic patients.
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PMID:Timentin in combination with tobramycin as empirical therapy in febrile neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies. 363 36

A healthy, 27-year-old man had development of a maculopapular, pustular rash due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, serotype 0:4, after bathing in a hot tub. Two persons sharing the same tub manifested a similar rash. In the first patient, the eruption was distributed mainly over the back, buttocks, and upper arms, appearing abruptly within 24 to 72 hours after use of the hot tub. Pruritus, malaise, and low-grade fever were the main associated features. The rash subsided spontaneously within ten days. This article reviews the literature on this form of cutaneous infection due to P aeruginosa.
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PMID:Hot tub-associated dermatitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Case report and review of the literature. 643 41

The symptoms and signs as well as the bacterial flora from the auditory canals of 54 Tanzanian patients (74 ears) living in Dar es Salaam and suffering from otitis externa were studied. Itching and pain were the most common symptoms and erythema and secretion were the prevalent clinical findings. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in 38%, Aspergillus in 24%, Staphylococcus aureus in 18% and Candida albicans in 14%. Bacterial cultures from the auditory canals of 21 healthy subjects revealed only normal skin flora.
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PMID:Clinical and bacteriological studies in otitis externa in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 653 6

A prospective study of 40 cases of acute otitis externa and 99 cases of chronic otitis externa in unselected patients revealed that otitis externa affects males and females with a similar frequency. The peak incidence occurs in the summer and early fall months of the year. Exposure to water, previous use of ear drops, and cotton-tipped applicators predisposed to both acute and chronic otitis externa. Hearing aid ear molds appear to be a predisposing factor in the development of chronic otitis externa. Pain, itching, discharge, and hearing loss were the most common presenting complaints in both acute and chronic otitis externa. The discharge in chronic otitis externa is more commonly purulent, whereas in acute otitis externa it is more commonly mucoid. The tympanic membrane is not frequently involved in acute otitis externa; however, in chronic otitis externa changes in the tympanic membrane were more often encountered. Most infections were of a pure bacterial origin, primarily Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Fungi were the causative organisms more commonly in chronic otitis externa than in acute otitis externa (Figure 7). It was found that previous usage of ear drops was more often associated with otomycosis in acute otitis externa and yet was not related to a higher frequency of otomycosis in chronic otitis externa. The presence of a foreign material, such as an ear mold, was associated with a greater frequency of mixed infections (bacteria and fungi) in the group with chronic otitis externa. The presence of a greenish discharge or foul odor was not related to any particular organism.
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PMID:Clinical and microbiological features of otitis externa. 654 42


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