Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and side-effects of oral antihistamine and nasal glucocorticoid therapy in seasonal allergic rhinitis. In a double-blind, double-dummy, group-comparative study, 60 birch and grass pollen allergic patients were treated with either loratadine (10 mg daily) or beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) (100 micrograms in each nostril twice daily) during a 3 weeks' study period. Grading of 4 nasal and 3 non-nasal symptoms was performed at 4 weekly visits, and patients recorded daily symptoms and possible adverse experiences in a diary. Patients treated with BDP showed significantly less nasal blockage than those receiving loratadine (P less than 0.05), but there was no difference (P greater than 0.05) in other nasal symptoms (sneezing, itching and discharge). Patients treated with loratadine showed a statistically significantly greater relief in eye symptoms as compared with BDP (P less than 0.05). The side-effects caused by the 2 treatments were few and insignificant. We conclude that loratadine and intranasal BDP were effective in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, but the spectrum of individual symptoms controlled was different for the 2 drugs.
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1991 Dec
PMID:Efficacy of an oral antihistamine, loratadine, as compared with a nasal steroid spray, beclomethasone dipropionate, in seasonal allergic rhinitis. 168 45

Forty-four patients were treated with a continuous infusion of lumbar epidural hydromorphone (0.05%) after thoracic operations. Postoperatively, visual analog pain scores were obtained. On postoperative day 1 and 2, more than 90% of the patients experienced either no pain (visual analog pain scale = 0) or mild pain (visual analog pain score = 1 to 3) at rest. The incidence of side effects (hypoventilation, pruritus, and nausea) was less than reported with other epidurally administered opioids. Continuous infusion of lumbar epidural hydromorphone produced safe, predictable analgesia after thoracotomy.
Ann Thorac Surg 1990 Dec
PMID:Continuous epidural hydromorphone for postthoracotomy pain relief. 170 Jun 81

In two double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter trials, 0.05% halobetasol propionate cream was compared with 0.05% clobetasol 17-propionate cream and 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate cream in 264 patients with acute, severe exacerbations of atopic dermatitis. The efficacy of halobetasol propionate cream and betamethasone dipropionate cream was similar with regard to the success rate, as indicated by ratings of "healed" and "marked improvement" (88% versus 90%) and by an onset of therapeutic effect within 3 days of the start of treatment (40% versus 39%). The efficacy of halobetasol propionate cream and clobetasol 17-propionate cream was also similar with regard to success rates (89% versus 93%) and an onset of therapeutic effect within 3 days of the start of treatment (41% versus 38%). All three creams were well tolerated. Dryness of the skin and itching at the site of application were the reported adverse effects. Treatment was discontinued because of severe dryness of the skin in 1 of the 121 patients treated with halobetasol propionate cream and in 1 of the 59 patients treated with betamethasone dipropionate cream.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:Double-blind, comparative clinical trials with halobetasol propionate cream in patients with atopic dermatitis. 175 10

The results of two studies are presented that reveal the efficacy and safety of 0.05% halobetasol ointment in the treatment of patients with plaque psoriasis of at least moderate severity. Both multicenter studies were randomized, double-blind, and vehicle controlled, and study medications were applied twice daily for 2 weeks. One study was a paired-comparison (PC); the other study was of parallel-group (PG) design. Both studies called for evaluations at entry (week 0) and after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment. The PC study enrolled 100 patients; the PG study enrolled 110 patients; 204 patients provided efficacy data over both studies. In the PC study, plaque elevation, erythema, and scaling, at least moderately severe at entry, showed at the end of treatment both statistical (p less than or equal to 0.0003) and clinical significance (all greater than 1-unit difference on the rating scale) favoring 0.05% halobetasol ointment over vehicle. Pruritus (initially mild) and total score also showed statistically significant treatment differences favoring halobetasol at the final evaluation. Patient global responses for "effectiveness" and "overall rating" favored 0.05% halobetasol ointment over vehicle. In the PG study, induration, erythema, and scaling, at least moderately severe at entry, showed at the end of treatment both statistically and clinically significant differences favoring 0.05% halobetasol ointment over vehicle. Physician's global evaluation favored 0.05% halobetasol ointment over vehicle after 2 weeks of use. No patients were released from either study because of adverse events. No systemic adverse events or findings of skin atrophy were reported in these studies. Reports of "stings" or "burns" were equally divided between halobetasol and its vehicle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Am Acad Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:Evaluation of halobetasol propionate ointment in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: report on two double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies. 175 12

The efficacy and safety of halobetasol propionate 0.05% cream, an ultra high-potency corticosteroid preparation, was evaluated in a double-blind, vehicle-controlled, paired comparison study. Patients' psoriatic lesions were evaluated before treatment and after 1 and 2 weeks of twice-daily treatment with halobetasol propionate and vehicle. Response measures (plaque elevation, erythema, scaling, and pruritus) were evaluated with a 4-point severity scale whereby the sum provided a total score. Patient self-assessment measures were obtained at the 2-week visit by categorizing his or her global responses to queries about each treatment's "effectiveness" and "overall rating." All efficacy parameters, as judged by the physician, showed statistically significant (p = 0.0001) treatment differences favoring halobetasol propionate at both week 1 and week 2 evaluations. Patient global responses for "effectiveness" and "overall rating" favored halobetasol propionate 0.05% cream over vehicle after 2 weeks of use. No systemic adverse drug effects were reported during the study. No patient was discontinued from the study because of an adverse event, and there was no evidence of skin atrophy after 2 weeks of treatment with either agent. Patient reports of "stings" or "burns" were equally distributed between the active and vehicle treatment groups. This trial demonstrates that halobetasol propionate 0.05% cream is clinically beneficial and without evidence of significant risk in the treatment of plaque psoriasis.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:A double-blind, vehicle-controlled paired comparison of halobetasol propionate cream on patients with plaque psoriasis. 175 13

The efficacy and safety of 0.05% halobetasol propionate ointment were evaluated in patients with chronic atopic or other eczematous dermatoses in two vehicle-controlled, double-blind studies: a paired-comparison study in 124 patients (study A) and a parallel-group study in 100 patients (study B). In study A, patients applied both treatments twice daily for 2 weeks and were evaluated by investigators on days 0, 7, and 14 with 0 to 3 severity scales and by self-assessment with two 5-step end-of-treatment rating scales. In study B, patients applied treatments twice daily for 2 weeks, and investigators made evaluations on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 with 0 to 6 scales and also made a 5-step end-of-treatment physician's global assessment. In study A, both severity scores and patient ratings favored halobetasol propionate significantly on days 7 (p less than or equal to 0.0013) and 14 (p less than 0.0001); in study B, severity scores on days 3 (p less than or equal to 0.045, pruritus, erythema, and overall lesion severity), 7, and 14 (p less than 0.001, all comparisons) also favored halobetasol propionate significantly, and global assessments showed complete resolution or marked improvement for 83% of patients using halobetasol propionate versus 28% of those using vehicle (p less than 0.0001). No instances of systemic effects or skin atrophy were reported in either study. We conclude that 0.05% halobetasol propionate ointment is highly effective and well tolerated in the treatment of the conditions studied, with the rapid action and high degree of clearing associated with superpotent corticosteroid formulations.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:A review of two controlled multicenter trials comparing 0.05% halobetasol propionate ointment to its vehicle in the treatment of chronic eczematous dermatoses. 175 14

Six investigators evaluated 0.05% halobetasol propionate cream and its vehicle in 111 patients with chronic atopic dermatitis and several other eczematous dermatoses. Patients applied treatment twice daily to bilateral lesions for 14 days. Investigators graded pruritus, erythema, scaling, papulation, and lichenification using 4-point severity scales on days 0, 7, and 14. On day 14 patients provided an assessment of efficacy for both treatments. Statistically significant differences favoring halobetasol propionate over the vehicle were seen for all signs and symptoms (p less than 0.001). Substantial improvements were achieved by the active treatment by day 7 (p less than 0.001). Patients assessments of efficacy were significantly higher for halobetasol cream than for vehicle (p less than 0.001). No instances of systemic effects or skin atrophy were reported and adverse experiences were limited to burning or stinging and other minor, nonspecific complaints distributed uniformly between active treatment and vehicle. These results demonstrate that 0.05% halobetasol propionate cream is highly effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other eczematous dermatoses.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:Double-blind bilateral paired comparison of 0.05% halobetasol propionate cream and its vehicle in patients with chronic atopic dermatitis and other eczematous dermatoses. 175 15

The major bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen is a 220-240-kDa polypeptide, although some BP sera recognize bands of 180-200 kDa or lower molecular weight. We have investigated to what extent this heterogeneity of the target antigen accounts for the clinical diversity of BP. Immunoblotting studies against extracts of salt-separated epidermis were performed on sera from 39 patients with BP. The blotting patters obtained were correlated with the clinical findings, with particular reference to prodromal itching, lesion morphology and severity, mucosal involvement, presence of milia, dapsone responsiveness and disease duration. The results confirm that the major BP antigen is a 220-kDa polypeptide, and that the 180-kDa polypeptide is a second and sometimes the sole BP antigen identified in immunoblots. Rarely, multiple bands of lower molecular weight were found. There was no correlation between the pattern of BP antigens detected in immunoblots and the clinical presentation and course of BP. There was considerable clinical diversity even among the nine patients showing specificity for a single 220-kDa target antigen. Although two patients with a single 180-kDa antigen specificity had a disease of unusually long duration, factors other than antigen specificity must determine the clinical expression of BP.
Br J Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:The clinical expression of bullous pemphigoid is not determined by the specificity of the target antigen. 176 Mar 60

In a paired-comparison study, 21 patients suffering from atopic dermatitis were treated with fluorescent tubes radiating mainly ultraviolet A (UVA) on one half of the body and with tubes radiating mainly UVB on the other. Treatment was given three times a week for up to 8 weeks. Eight variables reflecting disease status were recorded and the sum of these comprised the total score. The total score and the overall evaluation score were better with UVA therapy (P less than 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively). No statistically significant difference for the pruritus score was found. The reduction in extent of dermatitis, seen with both therapies, was more pronounced with UVA (P less than 0.05). Differences in the healing score were not statistically significant. Treatment with UVA resulted in healing or considerable improvement in 15 patients and 13 patients showed improvement when treated with UVB. A better result was found with UVA in 10 subjects and with UVB in two subjects. Equal results occurred with both UVA and UVB in nine of the patients although most preferred UVA treatment.
Br J Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:UVA solarium versus UVB phototherapy of atopic dermatitis: a paired-comparison study. 176 Mar 62

Deficiency of nutritional iron represents a public health problem recognized throughout much of the world. The overall prevalence rate of patients with iron deficiency (ID) who need supplementary iron therapy ranges markedly from less than 10% to as high as 70% among various ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Dermatologically, the iron-deficit state can be a secondary condition or trigger a wide range of mucocutaneous alterations. Early appreciation of adverse cutaneous manifestations of ID seems to have commensurate significance not only in predicting the presence of undiagnosed ID, but also for providing specified avenues for rational therapeutic approaches to patients with ID. Dermatopathic anemia has attracted the attention of clinicians because ID was found to be a metabolic consequence of skin diseases such as erythroderma, exfoliative dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, and many others. Previous studies had suggested that iron may be lost in accelerated turnover of the keratinocyte from scaling; currently, malabsorption of iron is accepted implication accounting for dermatopathic anemia. However, mucocutaneous affections adversely manifested by ID have not been extensively reviewed and published in the current dermatologic literature because of the potentially benign course of the adverse conditions and the limited degree of clinical expression. Therefore, changes in hair, nails, mucosa and tongue, pruritus, chronically sustained inflammation, dermatitis herpetiformis, and photodermatitis are among the adverse cutaneous sequelae whose relation to ID are highlighted and discussed in the present review. Because of their clinical and diagnostic importance, other extracutaneous physical signs of ID, such as blue sclerae and pica, are also included in this review.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Semin Dermatol 1991 Dec
PMID:Iron deficiency: structural and microchemical changes in hair, nails, and skin. 176 60


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