Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Administration of large doses of fentanyl is a popular method to provide postoperative analgesia after thoracotomy. It is however unclear whether epidural lumbar (L) or epidural thoracic (T) administration of fentanyl confers any major advantage over intravenous (iv) infusion. Using a randomized prospective study design, we compared the potential benefits of L, T, and iv fentanyl administration after thoracotomy in 50 patients. Epidural catheters were not injected during surgery. Postoperatively a fentanyl infusion (5 micrograms/ml) was started at 1 microgram.kg-1.h-1 after a bolus of 1 microgram/kg and adjusted to maintain a score < or = 30/100 at rest using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Data were prospectively collected before surgery, at fixed intervals during the 48 h of fentanyl infusions, and the day of discharge. There was no difference between the groups in overall quality of analgesia at rest and after coughing, quantity of fentanyl delivered (L = 1.15 +/- 0.38, T = 1.22 +/- 0.23, iv = 1.27 +/- 0.3 micrograms.kg-1.h-1), incidence of pruritus needing treatment (L = 2, T = 1, iv = 0 patients), need to decrease fentanyl infusion rate because of side effects (L = 2, T = 2, iv = 4 patients), importance of pulmonary infiltrates, or arterial blood gas values. One patient (L group) needed naloxone (0.04 mg iv). Intravenous patients were more frequently nauseated (P = .009) and needed boluses of fentanyl more often (L = 3 +/- 9, iv = 6 +/- 12, T = 4 +/- 8; P = .04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anesthesiology 1992 Dec
PMID:A randomized comparison of intravenous versus lumbar and thoracic epidural fentanyl for analgesia after thoracotomy. 836 95

From April 1983 to September 1991 total parathyroidectomy (PTX) and parathyroid autotransplantation were carried out in 27 patients for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Of these patients, 13 were males and 14 were females. Their average age was 43 years old and their mean duration of dialysis was 126.4 months. As preoperative clinical symptoms, bone pain was observed in 19 cases, joint pain in 18, decrease of height in 7, pruritus in 3, muscle pain in 2, red eyes in 2 and others in 2. As roentgenographic findings, subperiosteal bone resorption and skull-salt and pepper were demonstrated in 26 cases, rugger jersey spine in 15, soft tissue calcification in 11, and pathological fractures in 4. Four parathyroid glands were removed in 23 cases, three glands in 4. Serum calcium level decreased remarkably within 24 hours after parathyroidectomy in all cases. The average total weight of parathyroid glands was 4.48 g. The preoperative diagnostic accuracy of echogram was 94% and that of CT scan was 90%. The clinical improvement after PTX was excellent in 12 cases and good in 11. The roentgenographic improvement of skull and/or finger bone more than one year after PTX was excellent in 11 cases and good in 11. Judging from histopathological findings of the bone, the clinical and roentgenographic improvement was observed better in the osteitis fibrosa group than in mild group. A significant correlation was found between the level of preoperative c-PTH and the weight of resected parathyroid glands. The level of preoperative ALP correlated with intact-PTH and was higher in the osteitis fibrosa group than in the mild group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1992 Dec
PMID:[Clinical study of total parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation for secondary hyperparathyroidism]. 147 16

A mild form of intrahepatic cholestasis is an infrequent complication of pregnancy, with a spontaneous cure almost immediately after delivery and that often recurs in future pregnancies. Pruritus alters maternal well-being, and a subclinical steatorrhea may impair the patient's nutritional status; otherwise, it is a mild disease in the mother, and no maternal mortality has been attributed to it. In contrast, cholestasis of pregnancy is often identified as a risk of increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. The cause of cholestasis of pregnancy is unknown. A hereditary predisposition seems to induce in the maternal liver an abnormal reaction to female sex hormones, but some still unidentified environmental (possibly dietary) factor could also be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Pruritus, but not the biochemical alterations, can be alleviated by the use of cholestyramine, silymarin, or epomediol. Ursodeoxycholic acid has been beneficial in pruritus and in liver function tests; an improvement in fetal prognosis should be evaluated in future controlled studies.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1992 Dec
PMID:The spectrum of liver and gastrointestinal disease seen in cholestasis of pregnancy. 147 43

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatologic problems among patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. One-hundred and two patients with CRF were examined for the presence of cutaneous alterations. All patients examined had at least one cutaneous lesion. The most prevalent findings were alterations in the cutaneous pigmentation. Of particular interest was an increased prevalence of hyperpigmented macules on the palms and soles. Other manifestations, seen particularly in the hemodialysis group, included the half-and-half nail, pruritus, and keratotic pits of the palms and soles. Infectious processes were more prevalent in the group undergoing peritoneal dialysis. This study showed that all patients with CRF have some type of cutaneous alteration and that the type of dialysis could have some influence upon the incidence of these changes.
Int J Dermatol 1992 Dec
PMID:Cutaneous alterations in patients with chronic renal failure. 147 64

A survey was performed to clarify the benefits and problems of home infusion therapy because 8 years had passed since this type of treatment was officially approved in Japan. Questionnaires were sent to hemophiliacs and the physicians in charge of hemophiliacs in the Kyushu district. The main results obtained from analysis of responses concerning 197 patients were as follows. 1) Out of 197, 140 patients were on home therapy programs. 2) The number of bleeding episodes was increased in 6.8%, decreased in 51.1% and unchanged in 42.1% of patients after the start of home infusion therapy programs. 3) The severity of bleeding symptoms was reduced in 92.9% of patients after the start of these programs. 4) After the start of home infusion therapy programs, the amount of blood products administered increased in 24.4%, decreased in 20.6% and was unchanged in 55.0%. 5) Complications such as abdominal pain, headache, ulticaria, itching, shivering, fever and discomfort were reported from 19 hemophiliacs. Only one of them visited the hospital due to severe abdominal pain which appeared immediately after home infusion of blood product. 6) It was indicated that better education or re-education of home infusion therapy is necessary for hemophiliacs and/or their families who are on home infusion therapy programs, because half of them had not received proper education concerning home infusion.
Rinsho Ketsueki 1992 Dec
PMID:[Benefits and problems of home infusion therapy]. 147 91

A randomised, single-blinded study was conducted to compare patient-controlled epidural analgesia with continuous infusion epidural analgesia for the treatment of pain following post-traumatic pelvic reconstruction. The patient-controlled group (n = 11) received a background infusion of 4 ml.h-1 of bupivacaine 0.125% with fentanyl 1 microgram.ml-1, and 3-6 ml bolus doses, self administered, as required (with a 15 min lockout interval). The continuous infusion group (n = 12) received a continuous infusion of the same solution through an identical apparatus, but with the demand button deactivated. This was started at 10 ml.h-1 and adjusted by the anaesthetist, as required, up to a maximum of 25 ml.h-1. Pain scores, side effects, and the volumes of drug infused were recorded over the first 3 postoperative days. One patient from each group was withdrawn because of catheter-related problems. Pain scores were similar and the incidence of nausea and pruritus was low in both groups. There was no recorded instance of respiratory depression or hypotension and there was no significant difference between the groups in the volumes of drug solution received. Patient satisfaction was equally very good in both groups. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia is an effective means of providing pain relief after post-traumatic pelvic reconstruction, but did not significantly reduce analgesic requirements in comparison with continuous infusion epidural analgesia.
Anaesthesia 1992 Dec
PMID:Patient-controlled epidural analgesia following post-traumatic pelvic reconstruction. A comparison with continuous epidural analgesia. 828 Feb 77

Five confirmed human cases of gnathostomiasis nipponica exhibiting creeping eruption and itching were found sporadically from the autumn of 1991 to the winter of 1992 in the northern region of the mainland of Japan. In all cases, a causative gnathostome with 3 transverse rows of hooklets on the head bulb was detected in biopsied skin. The morphological characteristics agreed with the advanced third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma nipponicum. Within a few weeks before development of symptoms, all patients had histories of eating raw freshwater fishes, kokanee (Salmo nerka nerka), carp (Cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (Carassius gibelio langsdorfi), or common ice-fish (Salangichthys microdon). However, they had never eaten raw loach, which is known as a source of human infections with G. nipponicum.
J Parasitol 1992 Dec
PMID:Five confirmed human cases of gnathostomiasis nipponica recently found in northern Japan. 149 Dec 91

All children referred to two private dermatological practices from 1 Jan. 1985 to 31 Dec. 1990 who had pruritus and subcutaneous infiltrates in the areas of immunization with Di-Te-Pol vaccine were patch tested with a Finn Chamber or with 2% aqueous aluminium chloride. Di-Te-Pol vaccine contains aluminium hydroxide. Contact allergy to aluminium was demonstrated in 32 children (20 girls and 12 boys). Of the three patch test methods used, testing with 2% AlCl3 occluded with a Finn Chamber proved to be the most sensitive. Immunization of children who have been shown to be allergic to aluminium should be carried out with vaccines which do not contain aluminium.
 ...
PMID:[Aluminum allergy caused by DTP vaccine]. 150 48

Thirty women (28 of childbearing age and 2 in the menopause), affected by acute Candida albicans vulvovaginitis were treated orally with a new antimycotic triazole derivative, itraconazole. Twenty patients were administered with 200 mg/die of itraconazole for three days. In tests carried out 7 and 30 days after the end of therapy the following results were observed. Negative cultures in 95% of patients and in 75% of patients; absence of leukorrhea in 60% of patients and in 65% of patients; disappearance of pruritus in 95% of patients and in 80% of patients. Ten patients were administered with an acute dose of itraconazole (400 mg). In the same tests, carried out 7 and 30 days after the end of therapy reported above the results were as follow. Negative culture in 80% and 60% of patients; absence of leukorrhea in 50% and 60% of patients; absence of pruritus in 70% and 50% of patients. In the first group of patients one case of slight nausea was reported whilst in the second group there were two cases of nausea, one of gastralgia and one of urticaria. No systemic side-effect was seen.
Minerva Ginecol 1991 Dec
PMID:[Preliminary clinical study of the use of itraconazole in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis]. 166 25

This double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study was undertaken in 40 patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis during the 1990 hay fever season. The patients were randomized and treated for seven days with either 120 mg terfenadine or 10 mg loratadine, each drug taken once daily in the morning. The severity of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasopharyngeal itching, and itchy, watery, red eyes was evaluated before and at the end of treatment. The global severity of symptoms was ranked daily by the patient on a diary card. Both treatment groups experienced a significant improvement of symptoms after treatment (p < 0.01), without any significant difference between the two study drugs. Terfenadine and loratadine significantly improved symptom severity by 69 and 55% compared with the baseline values, respectively. Headache and fatigue were reported in three loratadine-treated patients, and sedation in one patient. No side effects were observed in patients receiving terfenadine. This study confirmed that terfenadine 120 mg once daily is a safe and effective treatment for hay fever.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1991 Dec
PMID:Comparative effects of terfenadine and loratadine in the treatment of hay fever. 166 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>