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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study evaluates the ability of hydroxyzine and various neuroleptics to suppress histamine-induced pruritus in ten volunteer subjects with the use of a double-blind crossover protocol. The itch threshold was determined in each volunteer by intradermal injection of gradually increasing concentrations of histamine. Volunteers were then given the study drugs and placebo at the same interval of time, under near identical conditions, and the itch threshold was determined. Thiothixene, hydroxyzine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and a lactose placebo were evaluated. Compared to other drugs, hydroxyzine alone was more effective in the suppression of histamine-induced itch. Consequently, hydrozyzine may be more effective in histamine-induced pruritus. The neuroleptic drugs used in this study do not significantly suppress histamine-induced pruritus, but they may be beneficial in nonhistamine-induced pruritus or psychogenic pruritus.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1979 Dec
PMID:Suppression of histamine-induced pruritus by hydroxyzine and various neuroleptics. 4 38

A double-blind trial of (+)-cyanidanol-3 (2 g/day) versus placebo tablets was carried out in 100 patients with acute viral hepatitis. 51 received the drug and 49 placebo. (+)-Cyanidanol-3 accelerated the disappearance of HBsAg from the blood, lowered serum-bilirubin, and relieved symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and pruritus. The drug was well tolerated. None of the patients had a relapse of acute hepatitis. Chronic active hepatitis developed in 1 of the placebo-treated patients. Thus, (+)-cyanidanol-3 seems to be of benefit in acute viral hepatitis.
Lancet 1977 Dec 03
PMID:Treatment of acute viral hepatitis with (+)-cyanidanol-3. 7 62

Over a period of 18 months the development of hepatitis after intake of oxyphenisatin, a laxative, was established in 14 patients by re-exposure to the drug. The characteristic feature was nonspecific upper abdominal pain up to colic-like pain, lact of appetite, nausea or vomiting, and pruritus. The biochemical changes were those of chronic hepatitis with varying severity of biliary stasis and abnormal immunofluorescence. On re-exposure there was a particularly remarkable rise in GLDH activity. The histological picture showed acute inflammatory changes in the biliary passages on re-exposure, while the liver cells were clearly involved only secondarily. At a latter point the histological picture became non-specific. At laparoscopy there were different stages of minor periportal hepatic fibrosis to marked postnecrotic liver scars with portal hypertension and decompensation. Early diagnosis is difficult but crucial to the patient's fate, because this form of hepatitis regresses completely after oxyphenisatin has been stopped. Laxatives containing this drug should be withdrawn from the market.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1975 Dec 05
PMID:[Oxyphenisatin-induced liver disease (author's transl)]. 12 99

A double-blind multicenter study compared the antifungal effectiveness of an iodochlorhydroxyquin-hydrocoritsone cream with that of its individual components in 354 patients with cutaneous fungal infections. After seven days of treatment, the combination was considerably better than hydrocortisone or the cream vehicle with respect to erythema, scaling, itching, and patients' and physicians' evaluations. The proportion of patients in the iodochlorhydroxyquin-hydrocortisone and iodochlorhydroxyquin groups who changed from positive results on potassium hydroxide examination at baseline to negative results on potassium hydroxide examination after treatment was significantly greater than that in the hydrocortisone and placebo groups. The conversion rate associated with the iodochlorhydroxyquin-hydrocortisone and the iodochlorhydroxyquin treatments was significantly different from that associated with hydrocortisone alone or placebo treatment.
Arch Dermatol 1978 Dec
PMID:Iodochlorhydroxyquin-hydrocortisone treatment of fungal infections. Double-blind trial. 15 29

Our patient was a 24-year-old female textile cutter who had a conjunctivitis and an erythematous itching dermatitis of the eyelids, nasal mucous membranes, and the corners of the mouth. The patch tests with the standard series and a pharmaceutical test battery were negative. Further epicutaneous testing revealed a strong positive reaction to the textile cutting patterns she handled, which were duplicated by diazo processing. Specifically, the contact dermatitis reaction was caused by dimethylthiourea, an additive in diazo-sensitized paper.
Contact Dermatitis 1979 Dec
PMID:Dimethylthiourea, an unexpected hazard for textile workers. 16 Aug 55

Dermatitis occurring as a side effect in psoriatic patients during oral administration of the retinoid acid derivative Ro 10-9359 is described. This so-called retinoid dermatitis exhibits a characteristic disseminated pattern. Sites of predilection are the face, the exterior surface of the upper and the interior surface of the lower arms, the superior thoracic aperture, the back of the hands and the flanks. The lesions present as follicular papules and/or vesicles. The histological picture is that of acute non-specific dermatitis. This retinoid dermatitis was observed in 9 our of 23 patients (39%) treated with Ro 10-9359. Other side effect such as erythema, desquamation, itching and, rarely, a burning sensation showed the same distribution. The characteristic dermatitis, as well as the other side effects mentioned, occur dose-dependently within the normal therapeutic range of Ro 10-9359 for psoriasis (0.5--1 mg/kg bodyweight daily).
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1979 Dec 15
PMID:[Side effects of oral retinoid Ro 10-9359 on the unaffected skin of psoriatic patients: retinoid dermatitis]. 16 14

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disease marked by exacerbations and remissions. It begins in early infancy and may persist into late adulthood. Flares of dermatitis may be precipitated by emotional stess, extremes or sudden changes in humidity or temperature, and other factors. Treatment consists primarily of the use of mild topical agents to reduce inflammation and pruritus. Long-term systemic therapy with corticosteroid is not recommended. Topical preparations containing agents that increase the local levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (eg, caffeine) may be useful.
Postgrad Med 1978 Dec
PMID:Atopic dermatitis: clinical and immunologic aspects and treatment. 21 80

Alterations of bile salt metabolism have been shown in numerous diseases. Liver damage results in elevated serum bile salt concentrations which may be useful as a sensitive index of hepatocellular disease. Changes in the relative proportions of the individual bile salts in serum occur with cholestasis. Urinary excretion of bile salts, largely in the form of sulphates, increases as a compensatory mechanism. Ileal disease or resection causes bile salt melabsorption. The increase in colonic bile salts produces a watery diarrhoea while the decrease in duodenal levels may cause steatorrhoea. Cholelithiasis may result from alteration in the relative proportions of cholesterol, lecithin and bile salts in bile. The mechanism apparently differs in various conditions predisposing to gallstone formation. A primary alteration of bile salt metabolism has been postulated in several other conditions. Considerable interest centres on the importance of metabolites of bile salts in the pathogenesis of colonic carcinoma. Chenodeoxycholic acid is a successful though costly treatment for selected patients with cholesterol gallstones. Bile salt binding agents, such as cholestyramine, are extremely useful especially in the control of pruritus in patients with cholestasis.
Aust N Z J Med 1977 Dec
PMID:Bile salt metabolism. II. Bile salts and disease. 27 37

The colposcope was introduced into colon and rectal surgery for the evaluation of anal and perianal disease. The standard technics of gynecologic colposcopy were used. The indications included evaluations of pruritus ani, condyloma, mass lesions, unexplained bleeding or pain, and follow-up of patients previously treated for carcinoma of the anus or lower rectum.
South Med J 1979 Dec
PMID:Colposcopy in anorectal disease. 51 67

Forty-three patients whose principal symptom was pruritus ani were studied. Twenty-eight had anal disease, while in 15 no such disease could be shown. Maximum resting pressures and transient and sustained pressures of the anal canal in response to rectal distension were measured by manometry. Although the maximum resting pressure in the patients with no disease was about the same as that in the group with disease, the pressures recorded in response to rectal distension were significantly lower. These results show that the anal sphincter relaxes in response to rectal distension more readily in patients with no anal disease. Hence soiling may occur, which may be a factor in the genesis of pruritus ani.
Br Med J 1979 Dec 15
PMID:Pruritus ani: is anal sphincter dysfunction important in aetiology? 53 62


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