Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Retinoids have effects on the metabolism of keratinization and on the metabolism of connective tissue. Recent results have indicated that they may be helpful for treating dermatological diseases which involve marked connective tissue changes such as scleroderma, keloids and actinic skin damage. In addition, retinoids have been shown to reduce the clinical and histological alterations occurring in vulvar lichen sclerosus. For these reasons, etretinate was tried in a patient with extensive lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA). Clinical improvement was seen after three months' treatment, i.e. a decrease in pruritus and softening of the skin. The degenerated zone in the lesional skin was shown by histological analyses to have reduced markedly. The immunohistochemistry, with unaltered staining for type III procollagen and fibronectin, disclosed no signs of enhanced collagen synthesis. Thus the reparation mechanism remained obscure.
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PMID:Etretinate reduces connective tissue degeneration in lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. 257 15

Salivary gland homogenates of adult female Lutzomyia longipalpis inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen. Apyrase (ATP diphosphohydrolase) activity was prominent, requiring Ca2+ but not Mg2+ and a pH optimum of 8.0. Human as well as rabbit hosts developed a well delimited erythema, evident 2-3 min after initial probing and lasting for as long as 2 days. Erythema, not accompanied by itching or swelling, developed in previously exposed hosts as well as in those not previously exposed to this insect. When injected intradermally into the shaved back of a rabbit, salivary gland homogenates induced marked erythema, even with 1/250 of a homogenized salivary gland. This erythema-inducing factor was insoluble in 90% ethanol and was destroyed by incubation with trypsin. These apyrase and erythema-inducing factors, together with short mouthpart stylets, appear to adapt Lutzomyia sandflies to feed on blood released from superficial skin capillaries.
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PMID:Blood-finding strategy of a capillary-feeding sandfly, Lutzomyia longipalpis. 287 Aug 60

37 keloid patients were treated with triamcinolone intralesionally every 15 days, in all 6 inoculations. Histologically after the treatment we observed alterations in dermal vascularization, in morphology, in color characteristics and in the arrangement of the collagen bundles. The disappearance of mucin and the presence of palisade granulomas was observed in some cases probably because of the corticoid deposited. There was regression of pruritus and pain in all the patients. We believe that the intralesionally infiltration of corticoid is even today one of the best methods of treatment, and it may also be effected together with other technics.
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PMID:[Clinico-pathological evaluation of keloids treated with intralesional injections of corticoid]. 330 1

Fifty-one regular hemodialysis patients underwent clinicodermatologic examination. Twenty-three of them were on regular hemodialysis for 2-3 years (group I), 28 patients for more than 8 years (group II). Both groups were matched in regard to primary kidney disease, age, and sex. A characteristic feature found was a marked premature aging of the skin, mainly imposing as actinic elastosis. The incidence was related to the duration of hemodialysis (56.5% of patients of the first group and 100% of patients of the second group). There was also a correlation between time on hemodialysis and an increase of skin pigmentation. Other phenomena like xeroderma, decrease of sebaceous and sweat gland secretion, and Raynaud syndrome were also seen more frequently in the second group, but the extent of these alterations was equal in both groups. Seventy-eight percent of the patients of the first group and 43% of the second group suffered from generalized pruritus. Two different froms of pruritus could be observed, one possibly atopic, only occurring during regular hemodialysis, the other occurring independent of hemodialysis. accumulation of rare phenomena like carpal-tunnel syndrome and Dupuytren's contractures in group II together with the frequent occurrence of actinic elastosis implies systemic disturbance of collagen metabolism in long-term regular hemodialysis patients.
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PMID:[Skin changes in long-term dialysis patients. clinical study]. 680 94

A 74 year old woman showed typical symptoms of eruptive keratoacanthomas since three years: exanthematic sudden appearance of numberless papules, few millimeters in diameter with central keratinization, masked facies, ectropion of the eyelids and pruritus. Histology revealed the characteristic architecture of keratoacanthoma. Proliferation kinetics were characterized by increase of cell division within the basal cell layer, prolongation of time for DNA-synthesis (15,7 h) and moderate decrease of generation time. The reactive inflammatory dermal infiltrate mainly consists of lymphocytes. Ultrastructural features comprise occurrence of intracellular desmosomes and elastic and collagen fibers between the tumor cells. Therapeutically a good response was observed to aromatic retinoid Ro 10-9359.
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PMID:[Eruptive keratoacanthoma]. 721 64

Despite increasing knowledge of wound healing and collagen metabolism, hypertrophic scars and keloid scars are difficult to eradicate. Median sternotomy scars are often hypertrophic or keloidal. We treated them with a 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser, which selectively injures cutaneous microvessels without inducing scars. 16 adult patients with hypertrophic or keloidal median sternotomy scars after heart surgery received two treatments to one half of their previously untreated scars every 6-8 weeks and were reviewed at 6 months. Symptoms and clinical, histological, photographic, and surface texture assessments were obtained for treated and untreated areas of scar and evaluated independently by two observers blind to the treatment and by digital image analysis of skin surface casts. There was a significant improvement in erythema, scar height, skin surface texture, and pruritus in laser-treated scar areas; this improvement persisted for at least 6 months.
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PMID:Treatment of keloid sternotomy scars with 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser. 773 6

In current textbooks of dermatology, lichen amyloidosus is said to be a papular, intensely pruritic type of amyloidosis of unknown aetiology. When this concept was developed, there was no way of discriminating between the different types of amyloid. It is now known that amyloid in lichen amyloidosus is not derived from immunoglobulins or serum proteins, as it is in systemic amyloidoses, but from keratin peptides of necrotic keratinocytes. Even several years ago, chronic scratching was invoked as a possible cause of damage to keratinocytes in lichen amyloidosus. In support of this hypothesis, four cases are presented. Apart from amyloid in the papillary layer, all biopsy specimens revealed histopathological signs of chronic scratching (epithelial hyperplasia with hypergranulosis and compact orthokeratosis, coarse collagen in vertical streaks in the stratum papillare), such as are also found in prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus. Lichen amyloidosus is considered to be a variant of these conditions. Just as in prurigo nodularis and lichen simplex chronicus, pruritus seems to be the cause and not a symptom of the papular skin lesions. Consequently, treatment of lichen amyloidosus should not be directed at removing amyloid, but at improving the pruritus.
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PMID:[Lichen amyloidosus--disease entity or the effect of scratching]. 775 42

The efficacy of presoaked porcine collagen shields was compared with subconjunctivally injected corticosteroids and antibiotics in reducing ocular inflammation after ECCE with IOL implantation, and signs of reduced oxygen delivery to the cornea were assessed. Fifty eyes of fifty patients were recruited. At the end of surgery 25 eyes (group 1) received a 24-h shield presoaked with 0.1% betamethasone disodium phosphate and 0.5% netilmycin. The other 25 eyes (group 2) received 1 mg betamethasone disodium phosphate and 250 mg piperacillin as a subconjunctival injection. The eyes were then taped closed. Inflammatory parameters (anterior chamber flare, fibrin, folds of Descemet's membrane, corneal edema) and tolerability of the delivery system (pain, itching) were evaluated 24 h after surgery. None of the patients lost the shield and the collagen devices were well tolerated. Groups 1 and 2 showed no significant differences in the parameters considered. There was, however, transient, slight diffuse superficial corneal edema in 24% of group 1 and 4% of group 2, raising the question of inadequate oxygen transmission through collagen shields under closed lids. The results suggest that collagen shields used with the right solution have no significant adverse effect and may be a less invasive alternative to subconjunctival injection.
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PMID:Efficacy of collagen shields after extracapsular cataract extraction. 781 33

Ageing of the skin results from the synergistic effects of intrinsic ageing (due to age and genetic factors), photoageing (due to ultraviolet radiation) and, for women, hormonal ageing (due to oestrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women). Oestrogens receptors and metabolism or inactivation of oestradiol have been demonstrated in the skin, and the pilosebaceous unit is a target for sexual steroids. Could hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) be a treatment for the symptoms of skin ageing (dryness, roughness, burning and atrophy of the skin, itching, cold intolerance, wrinkles, hyperpilosity, alopecia)? In some experimental studies oestrogens increase the activity of fibroblasts and water, hyaluronic acid and collagen dermal contents. Some studies have demonstrated that oestrogen treatment increases skin thickness, mitotic activity of keratinocytes, and dermal collagen content in postmenopausal women. Thus HRT could theoretically treat skin ageing. It has been shown that HRT alleviates some symptoms of skin ageing (dryness of hair and skin) and that flushes disappear. We demonstrated that non-invasive measurements of physical parameters of the skin can reveal increase in skin thickness (+10 to +20 per cent) in women treated by HRT vs non treated, especially in the application area of oestrogen and in the non-sun-exposed areas. In our study HRT alleviated the hyposeborrhoea usually seen after menopause and could contribute to the amelioration of some complaints of post menopausal women such as roughness or dehydrated skin. Hormonal ageing is quantitatively less than actinic ageing, but its treatment is easier. Moreover HRT increases skin thickness, contributing to the prevention of atrophy (with fragile and fading skin) due to intrinsic ageing, and it limits the masculinization of facial hair and skin experienced by women as a sign of ageing. In conclusion HRT treats oestrogen deficiency and can be used to treat skin ageing.
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PMID:[Hormone replacement treatment and skin aging]. 876 22

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) pruriginosa is a rare clinical subset of dystrophic EB, characterized by marked itching and presence of prurigo-like or lichenoid features. In order to further delineate the phenotype and understand the pathogenesis of this disorder, the clinical, histological and ultrastructural findings of a 19-year-old patient presenting a typical form of EB pruriginosa are described. The prevalence of papular itchy lichenoid lesions, signs of scratching and paucity of blisters at the time of clinical examination may result in incorrect diagnosis and treatment. Microscopic studies of the lesions show the typical findings of dystrophic EB associated with an unusually high density of collagen bundles and absence of elastic fibres in the upper dermis. Itching lichenoid lesions of EB pruriginosa could represent an abnormal dermal reactivity of some patients to their inherited bullous disorder.
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PMID:Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa. 926 44


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