Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Senile itching, a peculiar clinical situation consisting of a cutaneous senile involution associated with a relevant neurogenic component, still keeps being a difficult therapeutic problem. For the purpose, a clinical trial, carried out with a combination of thioridazine and dihydroergotoxine on 19 patients carriers of the affection, could show a relevant decrease in all parameters assessed, ie itching, muscle tension and skin temperature measured by biofeedback. The combination also showed a good tolerance.
G Ital Dermatol Venereol 1989 Sep
PMID:[A thioridazine-dihydroergotoxine combination in the treatment of senile pruritus]. 263 37

Twenty three patients with primary biliary cirrhosis surviving for greater than 1 yr after liver transplantation were studied. All reported marked symptomatic improvement, and had significant falls in serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.0001), immunoglobulin M, and antimitochondrial antibody levels (p less than 0.005). Beyond 1 yr, liver biopsies showed features compatible with disease recurrence in 9 of 10 patients, and a further 4 patients developed pruritus or associated abnormalities. Immunoglobulin M levels were raised in 80%, with elevated antimitochondrial antibody titers in all those tested. Cyclosporine treatment in some patients initially given prednisone and azathioprine was followed by regression of histologic abnormalities. Of 102 patients with nonprimary biliary cirrhosis followed similarly, 50 underwent biopsy, and although 12 showed features of bile duct damage, all had additional histologic and clinical changes supporting an alternative diagnosis. These findings are consistent with previous reports that primary biliary cirrhosis can recur after transplantation, possibly modified by the use of cyclosporine.
Gastroenterology 1989 Sep
PMID:Evidence for disease recurrence after liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis. Clinical and histologic follow-up studies. 266 53

Initial studies have suggested that oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) in a dose of 15-20 micrograms/kg may be a safe and effective preanesthetic medication in children and adults, but this has not been demonstrated in a randomized, double-blind fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine in a randomized, double-blind manner, the efficacy of a lollipop containing fentanyl citrate as a preanesthetic medication before surgery in children. Forty health ASA physical status 1 or 2 children 3-12 yr of age were divided randomly and in double-blind fashion into two groups. Group 1 received the lollipop containing OTFC and group 2 received a placebo lollipop. An appropriate size lollipop was chosen so that if the patient received fentanyl, the total dose would be 15-20 micrograms/kg. Anxiety, sedation, and separation scores were assessed preoperatively and ease of induction was rated. Oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were monitored. Time intervals from preanesthetic to induction and from recovery room (PACU) admission to discharge were noted. Recovery room behavior was assessed upon admission and discharge. Complications and the need for postoperative opioids were noted. OTFC produced significantly more sedation and less anxiety compared with that following placebo. Respiratory rate was significantly decreased in the OTFC group, but oxygen saturation was not significantly different between groups. Anxiety and separation scores and the quality of induction were better in the OTFC group. There was a higher incidence of nausea and pruritus in the fentanyl group. OTFC did not prolong the PACU stay.
Anesthesiology 1989 Sep
PMID:Preanesthetic medication in children: a comparison of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate versus placebo. 267

Clinical and biological evaluations were carried out on 84 Congolese patients with parasitologically confirmed Loa loa filariasis (without concurrent infection with other filariae) and on 98 controls without filariasis. On the patients, 72 presented with microfilaremia; another 12 with negative blood tests were seen towards the end of an episode of subconjunctival migration of the adult worm. The incidence and severity of the clinical signs depended upon the method of recruitment. The 3 most common signs were pruritus and edema (both occurring in successive acute episodes affecting mainly the hands and forearms) and subconjunctival migration of adult filariae. Papulovesicular eruptions were located mainly on the arms. Headaches and arthralgia were noted more frequently than in the controls. No relation was found between the ABO blood groups and loiasis. Eosinophilia (higher in patients with symptoms) and raised serum IgE levels were found in nearly all patients and were strongly marked in approximately 66%. A positive correlation was observed between these 2 parameters. Fluorescent antibody levels (adult filaria Dipetalonema viteae antigen) were comparatively low in patients with microfilaremia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1989 Sep
PMID:Clinical and biological study of Loa loa filariasis in Congolese. 267 58

A randomised double-blind study compared the dose-response relationship of intrathecal diamorphine (0, 0.25, 0.75, 1.5, and 2.5 mg) for postoperative pain relief, in 35 subjects who underwent total knee replacement surgery. Assessments commenced 2 h after the opioid injection and continued for 20 h. Pain, analgesic effect, supplementary analgesic requirements and adverse effects were noted. Intrathecal diamorphine was unable to delay the initial perception of discomfort. It was, however, capable of postponing the onset of severe pain requiring analgesic supplementation (control 5.25 h vs approximately 8 h: P less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the quality of analgesia between the groups. Pruritus was the only undesirable feature unique to intrathecal diamorphine administration. Intrathecal diamorphine was safe and was not associated with clinically apparent respiratory depression. Its effects were inconsistent and its use was associated with irritating side effects. Possible explanations for the erratic behaviour of the diamorphine are discussed.
Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1989 Sep
PMID:Intrathecal diamorphine: a dose-response study. 233 97

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically-relapsing disease of the skin caused by hereditary hypersensitivity to a lot of environmental substances. Disturbances of humoral and cellular immunity, abnormal vascular reactions and abnormal skin functions play a role in pathogenesis. AD shows different forms in different age-groups with pruritus as a commune feature. The treatment of AD is unsatisfactory and effective only by consequent cure. The principles are avoiding of pruritus and scratching, avoiding of chemical and mechanical irritants of the skin and avoiding of bacterial superinfections. Topic steroid-treatment is very effective, dose and application however have to be strongly controlled. The nutrition of children with AD should be as normal as possible, extreme regimes of diet have to be avoided. An effective prophylaxis of atopic disease is not known till now.
Wien Med Wochenschr 1989 Sep 30
PMID:[Recommendations for the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis in children]. 268 83

The present study represents the first randomized, double-blind trial comparing the clinical efficacy of tromantadine (Viru-Merz) vs aciclovir. Both medication groups contained 60 patients. The inclusion criteria required that patients show a history of recurrent manifestations of herpes orofacialis and that they not be recruited later than 24 h following the initial prodromal symptoms. Medication was dispensed randomly in identical tubes to cover a treatment period of up to 5 days. The patients were instructed to keep the tubes close at hand, to initiate therapy as soon as possible after experiencing the first symptoms of the recurrence and to visit the company physician within 24 h after the onset of symptoms. The herpes lesions were assessed daily by the same doctor for 14 days, except on weekends. The data of 119 patients (59 treated with tromantadine, 60 treated with aciclovir) were evaluated. The average time between the first signs of a new recurrence and the beginning of treatment was 7 hours in both treatment groups. The course of the healing process was rated by 4 subjective symptoms (itching, burning, skin tautness and pain) and by the following objective criteria: number of days in the vesicular stage and duration of complete healing, abortive lesions and new lesions. The results of these assessments showed no differences between the medication groups. Global clinical efficacy and tolerance were rated as being "very good" and "good" in more than 83% by patients and doctor in both groups. The results show that it is the early application of the virustatic that is important for successful treatment--regardless of the choice of agent tested.
Arzneimittelforschung 1989 Sep
PMID:Randomized double-blind trial of tromantadine versus aciclovir in recurrent herpes orofacialis. 268 58

Pruritus that interferes with sleep is generally diagnosed as having an organic rather than a psychogenic basis. We compared the dermatologic and psychosocial parameters of 79 inpatients with psoriasis with moderate to severe pururitus with (W group; n = 46) and without (NW group; n = 33) wakenings from sleep in association with pruritus. At the time of the patients' admission, compared with the NW group the W group had more severe depressive psychopathologic features (p less than 0.05); were possibly alcoholic, according to behavioral criteria for alcoholism (p less than 0.005); reported a higher daily alcohol consumption (p less than 0.05); and had symptoms suggestive of periodic movements in sleep, or nocturnal myoclonus (p less than 0.05), a sleep physiologic disorder. The two groups did not differ with respect to pruritus severity or other dermatologic parameters at the time of admission or during inpatient treatment. Contrary to the generally accepted criterion for the organicity of pruritus, psychiatric and possibly sleep pathologic factors rather than primary dermatologic factors determined the wakenings from sleep as a result of pruritus.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1989 Sep
PMID:Pruritus associated with nocturnal wakenings: organic or psychogenic? 227 91

In order to explore the dynamics of the cellular response of the airway mucosa to allergen exposure, controlled daily allergen challenges were performed for 7 days during the pollen-free winter months in nine patients with strictly seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by birch pollen allergen. Symptoms obtained after the challenge were related to morphologic changes within and on the surface of the nasal mucosa. Cell samples were obtained daily prior to challenge from the nasal mucosa using mucosal imprints on plastic strips, brush samplings from the nasal mucosa, and nasal lavage. For light microscopy, the cellular material obtained by brushing and nasal lavage were cytocentrifuged onto object slides. Histamine was measured in the cell pellets that were obtained using the lavage and brush procedures as well as in the lavage supernatant fluid. Four symptoms (sneezes, itching, secretion, and blockage) were recorded and expressed individually as well as in the form of a composite symptom score. Nasal blockage was measured using a nasal peak flow meter. The patients displayed an increase in nasal symptoms after the allergen challenge, which was further increased between Days 2 to 7 (p less than 0.05). The light microscopic evaluation of the lavage revealed an immediate increase in eosinophils from 2.3 to 13.1% and was maintained on the same level throughout the period of challenges. A similar increase was noted in the brush specimens, and a strong correlation was obtained between these two methods of sampling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Am Rev Respir Dis 1989 Sep
PMID:Nasal mucosal response to repeated challenges with pollen allergen. 278 44

Scratch tests with different fish products (fish juice from fillets, meat (fillet), skin, slime, juice from fish boxes and hold in the fishing boats, and entrails) were performed in 145 volunteers. All fish products were able to cause irritant skin reactions. Itching and erythema were the predominant symptoms and severe itch reactions occurred more often than severe erythema. The symptoms, in general, were mild to moderate compared to histamine. We found that the postmortem age of the fish was of great importance to the frequency and severity of the symptoms. Only the protein fraction of fish products caused symptoms. Our results are in accordance with the subjective complaints and clinical findings among workers in the fish processing industry.
Contact Dermatitis 1989 Sep
PMID:Skin irritancy from fish is related to its postmortem age. 279 41


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