Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reports the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of symptoms in the diagnosis of antibiotic-induced candidal vaginitis (AICV) among 74 women recruited from three primary care practices. All subjects, who were examined both pre- and post-antibiotic treatment for acute respiratory, urinary tract, or skin infections, were initially free of vaginitis. Twenty-four subjects developed candidal vaginitis (CV), indicated by vaginitis symptoms or signs and a positive candidal culture or KOH preparation; there were no mixed infections. Fifty women did not develop AICV and, of this group, four developed a nonyeast vaginitis. Aggregate symptoms (pruritus and/or discharge) had 87.5% sensitivity, 95.8% specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 91.3% and 93.9%, respectively. These values are much higher than those reported in studies of CV that excluded women on antibiotics. We conclude that women who develop vaginitis symptoms while on short courses of antibiotics may be treated as AICV without confirmatory examination.
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PMID:Predicting the occurrence of antibiotic-induced candidal vaginitis (AICV). 175 51

Ciclopirox olamine cream 1%, a new antifungal agent has been studied in 30 patients with dermatophytosis and pityriasis versicolor. Diagnosis of dermatophytosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of KOH preparations and culture in Sabouraud medium. Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed by direct exam preparation. Cultures and direct exam preparations were performed before starting treatment and weekly thereafter. Cultures and KOH preparations were positive in all patients. Treatment with ciclopirox olamine cream 1% was applied topically twice daily. Direct examination and cultures were negative in 26 cases (86.6%) after one week treatment and in 4 cases (13.4%) after two weeks. A parallel improvement in clinical signs and symptoms was evident with disappearance of erythema, pruritus and scaling. Clinical cure was achieved in most all cases (96.7%), between the third and fourth week of treatment.
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PMID:[Experience in the treatment of skin mycoses with ciclopirox olamine]. 266 88

Approximately 90 per cent of all the vaginitides are caused by bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, or trichomoniasis. Bacterial vaginosis is the most frequent, causing approximately 50 per cent of vaginal infections. As described by Amsel and colleagues, three of four findings indicate bacterial vaginosis: amine odor, pH greater than 4.5, clue cells, and a thin homogeneous discharge. Because G. vaginalis colonizes the vagina, treatment should not be instituted in an asymptomatic woman on the basis of a positive culture. For symptomatic patients, oral metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for 7 days is the treatment currently recommended. Vulvovaginal pruritus should be equated with candidiasis until proven otherwise. Mycelia or spores on 10 per cent KOH preparation are diagnostic of candidiasis in the presence of symptoms. Imidazole creams or suppositories are the treatment of choice. Trichomoniasis is characterized by malodor and mild pruritus. Demonstration of trichomonads on saline preparation or a positive culture provides the diagnosis. A single 2 gm dose of oral metronidazole is the initial treatment. Recurrences should provoke inquiry regarding predisposing factors and investigation of sexual partners. Vaginitis can recur, but if approached properly, these recurrences can be minimized, allowing the patient to proceed with daily life in comfort.
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PMID:Vaginitis: a common malady. 305 61

Thirty-two cases of dermatophyte infection in the external auditory meatus are reported. All the patients complained of slight itching or accumulation of cerumen; however, they had no other serious complaints. Otoscopy revealed lesions in the outer third of the ear canal. The skin of the meatus externus osseus and the surface of the tympanic membrane were all intact. In all cases, mycelial elements were demonstrated in KOH mounts of scrapings, and Trichophyton rubrum (29 cases), Microsporum canis (2 cases), and Epidermophyton floccosum (1 case) were isolated. All patients had ringworm of the pinna at the time of examination or in the past.
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PMID:Dermatophytosis of the external auditory meatus. 357 82

Sulconazole nitrate cream 1%, a new topical imidazole compound with a broad antifungal activity, was compared to its vehicle and to miconazole nitrate cream 2% in two double-blind parallel studies involving 96 patients with cutaneous candidiasis. Once daily application of sulconazole was as effective as twice daily application of miconazole and produced KOH and culture cures in 100% and 88% of patients, respectively. No systemic adverse reactions were reported. One vehicle-treated patient developed itching; six sulconazole- and three miconazole-treated patients developed erythema and/or pruritus, which was mild and transient. Sulconazole used bid was significantly superior to its vehicle and produced KOH and culture cures in 100% of patients.
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PMID:A new treatment for cutaneous candidiasis: sulconazole nitrate cream 1%. 634 21

Sulconazole nitrate, a new imidazole derivative, was formulated at 1% concentration in a cream vehicle and compared with 2% miconazole nitrate cream in the treatment of tinea versicolor in a double-blind, multicenter, randomized, parallel clinical trial. At baseline, all of the 192 patients enrolled had a positive potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation; itching was reported by 48% of the patients. The medications were applied twice daily for three weeks. Of 181 patients analyzed for efficacy at the end of the treatment trial, 93% of sulconazole-treated patients and 87% of miconazole-treated patients had become KOH negative. The complete clearing of tinea versicolor lesions occurred in 89% of sulconazole-treated patients and 82% of miconazole-treated patients. Both drugs were well tolerated with no systemic reactions reported. Drug-related adverse cutaneous reactions, predominantly transient itching, were reported in eight patients receiving sulconazole and in four patients receiving miconazole.
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PMID:1% sulconazole cream v 2% miconazole cream in the treatment of tinea versicolor. A double-blind, multicenter study. 636 94

One hundred fifty-one patients with tinea pedis participated in a double-blind study to assess the efficacy and safety of a powder containing undecylenic acid 2% and zinc undecylenate 20% versus a placebo powder. Patients were assigned to apply twice-daily applications of either active powder or placebo for a period of 4 weeks. Trichophyton rubrum or Trichophyton mentagrophytes were isolated from pretreatment cultures of 85 patients. Of these, 88% treated with active powder had negative cultures after 4 weeks compared with 17% of those treated with placebo powder (p less than 0.001). Fungus was identified in potassium hydroxide (KOH) treated skin scrapings of all 151 patients before treatment. Of those treated with active powder, 80% were KOH negative after 4 weeks compared with 49% of those treated with placebow powder (p = 0.001). Erythema and scaling were significantly improved by therapy with active powder, as were subjective evaluations of itching and burning. There were no side-effects or adverse reactions to undecylenic acid and its zinc salt.
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PMID:Efficacy of undecylenic acid-zinc undecylenate powder in culture positive tinea pedis. 698 85

We report two cases of dermatophytosis of the external auditory meatus. Case 1: A 44-year-old man suffered from severe itching in the right external auditory meatus for a year, and had also had tinea unguium for several years. He visited our outpatient clinic because of scaly erythema which had developed on the auricle. Otoscopic examination revealed yellow-brown dry cerumen and redness from the cartilaginous to the bony portion of the external auditory meatus. Case 2: A 14-year-old boy, the son of Case 1, suffered from severe itching in the left external auditory meatus. He scratched the auditory meatus with an earpick which his father had used. Otoscopic examination revealed a similar lesion as in the father's case, although he had no history of dermatophytosis elsewhere on his body, including the auricle. Direct examination using a KOH method of the cerumen from both cases demonstrated numerous fungal elements. Fungal culture identified Trichophyton rubrum. Both cases were successfully treated with oral itraconazole. We suggest that infection from father to son was transferred by the earpick.
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PMID:[Two cases of dermatophytosis of the external auditory meatus]. 958 35

The purpose of this investigation was to find out how often pathogenic dermatophytes are found in apparently normal versus scaly feet of children. In this prospective protocol, we studied 100 patients, 2 to 12 years of age, consulting for plantar and/or interdigital scaling with or without erythema, maceration, and pruritus, and 100 controls with apparently healthy feet. Direct microscopic examination (KOH) and mycologic culture (Mycosel) of skin scrapings were performed from the lesions of patients and from the soles and interdigital folds of controls. Mean age of patients and controls was 7 years 7 months (SD = 3 years 2 months). Scaling was present in 100% of patients with a mean time of evolution of 8.9 months (SD = 16.3 months). Shoes fashioned from man-made material were significantly more frequently used by patients than by controls (chi 2(df = 1) = 9.4; p = 0.002). Pathogenic dermatophytes were present in the soles and/or interdigital webs of 21 patients and 7 controls. Not all foot scaling in children, pruritic or not, is associated with dermatophytes. Dermatophytes may be present on the apparently healthy feet of children.
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PMID:How often are dermatophytes present in apparently normal versus scaly feet of children? 1033 85

Four patients with scaly erythema on their finger webs and sides of their fingers during summer are described. These patients were working in either butcher's shops or a sushi bar, where they handled raw meat, chicken or fish for many hours. The eruptions first appeared as scaly erythema, sometimes accompanied by small pustules, on the second, third and fourth finger webs, and later the erythema extended to the sides of the fingers and palms. Maceration and/or shallow erosion sometimes appeared on the finger webs. Symptoms were usually mild; the patients complained of slight itching, irritation or pain. Direct examination of specimens stained with Parker blue-black ink containing KOH revealed scales containing bacterial granules or filaments. Several species of bacteria were cultured including Corynebacterium sp. Fungus was not detected in either KOH specimens or in cultures. The lesions responded rapidly to topical or oral antibiotics; however, they recurred frequently during hot and humid weather. Hitherto a similar condition has not been described and is possibly a new clinical entity.
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PMID:Bacterial interdigital scaly erythema (Kitamura): a possible new clinical entity. 1064 Aug 46


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