Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 35-year-old male patient affected with extensive, itching skin lesions of reticulate porokeratosis is reported. He was successfully treated by CO2-laser vaporization.
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PMID:Reticulate porokeratosis--successful treatment with CO2-laser vaporization. 145 Dec 95

Dimetindene maleate (DMM, Fenistil, CAS 3614-69-5) a specific H1-receptor antagonist, is therapeutically used for the treatment of respiratory allergies, urticaria, itching dermatoses and generally pruritic sensations occurring with various diseases. As it exhibits local anaesthetic activity in the rabbit cornea and the local anaesthetic activity of a couple of H1-antagonists was found to be linearly correlated to the H1-potency represented by the pA2-values--and dimethindene maleate demonstrates a high pA2-value--it seemed worth investigating the local anaesthetic potency in man making use of an objective and well validated pain model, the Laser algesimetry. The study was carried out with 24 healthy volunteers in a double-blind placebo- and reference-controlled, randomized, cross-over design. Three different medications were applied with occlusive dressing: DMM, lidocaine, and placebo. Selective thermo-noxious stimulation of A-delta- and C-fibers was induced by a CO2-laser. Somato-sensory evoked vertex potentials (SEPs) were simultaneously recorded. Both verum treatments showed a remarkable analgesic potency compared to placebo. Effects were preferably concentrated on the peripheral N1-component of the SEPs. The overall means of the N1-amplitudes were suppressed compared to placebo by both active drugs, with the effects being more pronounced for DMM.
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PMID:Evaluation of the local anaesthetic activity of dimetindene maleate by means of laser algesimetry in healthy volunteers. 149 45

Twenty-eight elderly patients scheduled for urological surgery were randomly assigned to receive, in a double-blind study, subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg with 50 micrograms (group A, n = 7), 25 micrograms (group B, n = 7), or 12.5 micrograms (group C, n = 7) of fentanyl or 1 ml of saline (group D, n = 7) in a total volume of 4 ml. The pattern of breathing and the ventilatory response to CO2 were studied before and 90, 150 and 480 min after the subarachnoid injection. In group A, mild pruritus and sedation occurred in five patients, while nausea, vomiting and periodic breathing occurred in two. In group B, mild pruritus and sedation were observed in four patients, while nausea and vomiting occurred in two. No significant differences in minute ventilation, respiratory drive and respiratory timing were observed between the groups. Patients receiving fentanyl 50 micrograms showed a percentual change from baseline values as function of time (slope VE/PE'CO2) significantly below baseline at 90 and 150 min (p less than 0.05). However, the baseline values in this group reverted after 480 min. No side effects were observed in groups C or D. It is concluded that subarachnoid fentanyl 50 micrograms can cause an early respiratory depression and its use as a postoperative analgesic should be avoided in the elderly.
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PMID:Ventilatory effects of subarachnoid fentanyl in the elderly. 162 64

Twenty eight elderly patients scheduled for urologic surgery were randomly assigned to receive in a double blind fashion subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg with the addition of 50 micrograms (group A, n = 7), 25 micrograms (group B, n = 7), 12.5 micrograms (group C, n = 7), of fentanyl or 1 ml of saline (group D, n = 7) for a total volume of 4 ml. The pattern of breathing and the ventilatory response to CO2 were studied before 90, 150, 480 minutes after the subarachnoid injection. In group A mild pruritus and sedation occurred in 5 patients, nausea, vomiting and periodic breathing occurred in 2 patients. In group B mild pruritus and sedation were observed in 4 patients, nausea, vomiting in 2 patients. No significant changes in VE, Vt/Ti and Ti/Ttot were observed between the groups. Patients receiving 50 micrograms of fentanyl showed a slope VE/PET CO2 significantly below baseline values at 90 and 150 minutes (p less than 0.05). In this group the baseline values were restored after 480 minutes. No side effects were observed in group C and D. 25 micrograms fo fentanyl is the only dose with a significant analgesic effect without any respiratory depression.
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PMID:[Post-operative analgesia with sub-arachnoid fentanyl: ventilatory effects in elderly patients]. 192 60

Until recently, vulvar diseases have not been given sufficient attention by gynecologists. This might be attributable to the timidity of patients with chronic vulvar pruritus, tumor or dyspareunia, which delays diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the nomenclature of vulvar disease was complicated by having been adapted from various dermatological disorders. Only following the establishment of the International Society for the Study of Vulvar Disease (ISSVD) and of specialized clinics, has awareness increased and more attention is now being paid to vulvar disorders. The findings in 242 patients seen during the first year of operation of a vulvar clinic were analyzed. The most common presenting symptom was chronic vulvar pruritus. Non-neoplastic epithelial disorder (dystrophy) was the most common histological finding in the 79 women with pruritus, while 2 were diagnosed as having vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and 1 had basal cell carcinoma. In contrast, vulvar vestibulitis was the main diagnosis in 34 women referred for vulvar pain (vulvodynia). Vulvodynia was also associated with other inflammatory processes and with human papilloma virus (HPV) lesions (condylomata). The primary finding in 26 women referred for evaluation of a vulvar "tumor" was epidermal cyst. In only 55 (75.5%) of the 73 referred for suspected HPV lesions was the histologic diagnosis confirmatory. In addition, a few vulvar ulcers were associated with HPV. A single treatment with carbon dioxide laser eradicated the HPV lesions in 93% of the cases. The vulvar clinic contributes to the ambulatory gynecological service by concentrating diagnosis and treatment in a single specialized unit and increases understanding of, and interest in vulvar disease.
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PMID:[The vulvar clinic]. 207 59

The influence of two different doses of oral naltrexone on the adverse effects and the analgesia of epidural morphine were compared in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Forty-five patients undergoing cesarean section were provided postoperative analgesia with 4 mg epidural morphine. Five minutes later they received 6 mg naltrexone, 9 mg naltrexone, or placebo as an oral solution. Pain relief was assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and by direct questioning of the patients. Requirement for additional analgesics and side effects were noted. Respiratory effects of epidural morphine and naltrexone were assessed using the ventilatory responses to CO2 and by monitoring O2 saturation (Spo2) using pulse oximetry. All patients in the placebo group had adequate analgesia. One of the 15 patients who received naltrexone 6 mg had inadequate analgesia versus five of the 15 patients who received naltrexone 9 mg (P less than 0.05), 9 mg versus placebo. Ten patients (67%) in the placebo group had pruritus while no patient in the 6 mg naltrexone group and one patient in the 9 mg group experienced mild pruritus (P less than 0.05), placebo versus other two groups. The CO2 response slopes were depressed compared to control values from 6-16 h in the placebo group, from 6-12 h in the 6 mg naltrexone group. No significant depression was noted in the 9 mg naltrexone group. The authors conclude that oral naltrexone 6 mg significantly reduces the incidence of pruritus associated with epidural morphine without affecting analgesia and that 9 mg naltrexone is associated with shorter duration of analgesia than 6 mg naltrexone.
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PMID:Prophylactic oral naltrexone with epidural morphine: effect on adverse reactions and ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide. 210 73

A significant association exists between the use of epidural morphine (EM), reactivation of herpes labialis (HL) commonly known as coldsores, and pruritus in the obstetric population. A randomized prospective study was designed to eliminate previously identified confounding variables. Immediately following delivery, parturients having undergone cesarean section with epidural anesthesia with carbonated lidocaine (Xylocaine CO2, Astra, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada) with 1:200,000 epinephrine were sequentially randomized to receive either EM or im opioids for postoperative analgesia. One blood sample was collected for viral serology and two mouthwashes (day 0 and 2) were collected to determine oral viral shedding. The patients were observed daily for 5 days. Coldsores were cultured for herpes simplex virus (HSV). Of 187 patients, 96 received EM and 91 im opioids; herpes labialis occurred in 14 of 96 (14.6%) of the former but in 0 of 91 of the latter (P = 0.0004). All 14 experienced facial pruritus. The two groups were at equal risk for reactivation (seropositivity 64.6% and 62.6%, respectively). Analysis of data for those with positive HSV serology reveals 14 of 62 (22.5%) had EM and herpes labialis compared with 0 of 57 in the im group (P less than 0.0001). The incidence of oral viral shedding was low. Surgical stress, the local anesthetic solution, and epinephrine addition to the local anesthetic were eliminated as confounders. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that EM and a history of herpes labialis in these patients were predictive for reactivating oral HSV.
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PMID:Herpes labialis in parturients receiving epidural morphine following cesarean section. 184 64

Genital papillomatosis accompanied by distressing vulval symptoms is often termed vulvodynia. Common presenting symptoms are vulvar burning, pruritus and dyspareunia. Sixteen patients with vulval papillomatosis (vulvodynia) have been treated by carbon dioxide laser therapy over a 4-year period. Initial responses at 6 weeks appeared encouraging but with follow-up it became apparent that the relapse rate was high, with a mean symptom-free interval of 4.6 months. Of the 16 patients treated, only three remain symptom free. In view of our findings, we recommend that laser therapy should not be offered as a primary procedure, if at all, for patients with vulval papillomatosis.
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PMID:Carbon dioxide laser treatment for vulval papillomatosis (vulvodynia). 217 50

Forty-six patients with a primary diagnosis of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) have been managed over a 10-year period. The prevalence of VIN has increased and the age at presentation has decreased over the last decade; 59% of our patients had histological evidence of human papillomavirus infection. Pruritus was the commonest symptom at presentation (59%). Of the 46 patients 44 were treated by laser skinning vulvectomy, local excision or simple vulvectomy. Symptomatic relief was best achieved by local excision. Clinical and definitive relapse occurred more often in the laser-treated group. The median time to relapse was 38 months in the laser-treated group and 74 months in the surgically treated group (excision and simple vulvectomy). Two patients have not been treated and their disease has not progressed. The carbon dioxide laser almost certainly has a role in conservative management and although our data possibly do not reflect its full potential they demonstrate a need for a controlled prospective study.
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PMID:Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia--management and outcome. 261 Nov 74

Cutaneous reactions to red tattoo pigment occurred in two patients who developed erythema, swelling, and severe pruritus in the area of red coloration within their tattoos. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser vaporization of the red portions of the tattoos led to complete resolution of symptoms with an excellent cosmetic result and preservation of the tattoo design. A step-by-step guide to the use of the CO2 laser for this treatment is described.
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PMID:Red tattoo reactions: treatment with the carbon dioxide laser. 239 80


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