Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 25-year-old white man with gout and nephropathy and with a previous reaction to allopurinol was given a trial dose of oxypurinol. He developed malaise, a generalized erythematous reaction with edema, pruritus, and emesis; this was clinically identical to the reaction he experienced with allopurinol. When the patient's lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to oxypurinol and allopurinol, increased DNA synthesis was observed, suggesting an immunologic basis for the reaction. This patient indicates that clinical cross reactivity to allopurinol and oxypurinol does occur and may be of an immunologic basis. There is a need for additional xanthine oxidase inhibitors for such patients.
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PMID:Allergic reaction to allopurinol with cross-reactivity to oxypurinol. 13 55

We studied the effect of tranilast on the growth of carrageenin-induced granulation and the increase in capillary permeability induced by inflammatory agents in rats. In the carrageenin-induced granulation model, tranilast (50 or 100-200 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased significantly and dose-dependently the weight and the hydroxyproline content of the granulation tissue. Tranilast, however, showed no effect on the healing day of locally wounded dorsal skin of rats. Triamcinolone (10 mg/kg, p.o.) also showed an inhibitory effect on the carrageenin-induced granulation model. Tranilast (50-400 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently inhibited the enhancement of capillary permeability induced by the Ca ionophore A23187, bradykinin and xanthine oxidase. Moreover, tranilast (30 and 300 microM) suppressed superoxide production induced by FMLP in human neutrophils, but did not act as a superoxide scavenger. Considering that hypertrophic scar and keloid are conditions characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and excessive collagen accumulation accompanied with itch and pain, these results suggest that tranilast is useful as a therapeutic drug for hypertrophic scars and keloids.
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PMID:[Effect of tranilast, an anti-allergic drug, on carrageenin-induced granulation and capillary permeability in rats]. 137 12

Allopurinol is often prescribed for the treatment of hyperuricemia. It inhibits the uric acid production binding tightly to xanthine oxidase. Although it is generally well tolerated, an almost 10% prevalence of adverse reactions has been reported, particularly gastrointestinal and neurological effects. Some hypersensitivity syndromes have also been described (rash, vasculitis or exfoliative dermatitis). In these cases, if a substitute treatment is not available, a desensitization procedure to the drug must be considered. We present three patients with cutaneous hypersensitivity to allopurinol, two who developed urticaria and other one who had a fixed drug eruption. Skin test were all negatives with positive oral challenge test. An out- patient desensitization procedure to allopurinol was initiated, repeating the last tolerated doses for 4 or 5 days, and reaching maintenance therapeutic drug doses without any significant adverse effect (only one case of cutaneous pruritus). These experiences and the previously reported in the literature, show that the desensitization to allopurinol is a good therapeutic alternative in hypersensitivity reactions to the drug.
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PMID:[Hypersensitivity to allopurinol. Efficacy of a desensitizing protocol in 3 cases]. 1138 41

Allopurinol is an FDA -Approved xanthine oxidase inhibitor, which is effective in the treatment of gout, hyperuricemia and uremic kidney stones in patients with an increased level of uric acid excretion. Xanthine oxidase acts by converting hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid, and therefore its inhibition results in decreased production of uric acid. The most common side effects of this medication are as follows: maculopapular rashes, hives, itching, headache, dizziness, abnormal hair loss, fever and hypersensitivity reaction. Case Presentation: This report represents a case of drug-induced meningitis of a senile man who ended up in the ICU due to the remarkably reduced state of consciousness.
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PMID:Allopurinol and Loss of Consciousness in a 78-old Year Man Suffering from Gout. 3068 65