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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nonspecific therapy of asthma with Solganal and insulin showed excellent results in more than 80% of the patients, in which 50% or more recovered from asthma completely. Over all, recovered condition lasted for a long period of time. Solganal-treated patients showed resistance to acetylcholine provocation tests, good results in Tromp's water bath tests, and decreases in intensity of itching and erythema of P. K. reaction and of those caused by intracutaneous histamine injection. Animal experiments investigating damage to the liver, kidney and heart with Solganal showed no serious findings.
J Asthma 1981 Jan
PMID:Nonspecific therapy of asthma with gold preparation and insulin. 678 12

A 39-year-old nurse exhibited for one year an immediate-type asthmatic reaction with rhinorrhea and facial flushing and itching after ingestion of alcohol. The elimination of all alcohol-containing items from the operating theater brought relief from the daytime symptoms. Some dyspnea after salicylate ingestion and in cold weather persisted. Oral provocation tests with wine and pure ethanol and inhalation tests with ethanol vapours gave rise to all the known symptoms. Asthma could be prevented by prior inhalation of disodium cromoglycate, whereas facial itching and nasal reaction was prevented by oral ketotifen but not by cromoglycate.
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PMID:[Asthma and rhinitis induced by the ingestion of pure ethanol and by the inhalation of alcohol vapors]. 680 72

Sixteen patients were seen because of possibly life-threatening exercise-associated symptoms similar to anaphylactic reactions. Asthma attacks, cholinergic urticaria and angioedema, and cardiac arrythmias are recognized as exertion-related phenomena in predisposed patients but are distinct from the syndrome described here. A syndrome characterized by the exertion-related onset of cutaneous pruritus and warmth, the development of generalized urticaria, and the appearance of such additional manifestations as collapse in 12 patients, gastrointestinal tract symptoms in five patients, and upper respiratory distress in 10 patients has been designated exercise-induced anaphylaxis, because of the striking similarity of this symptom complex to the anaphylactic syndrome elicited by ingestion or injection of a foreign antigenic substance. There is a family history of atopic desease for 11 patients and cold urticaria for two others and a personal history of atopy in six. The size of the wheals, the failure to develop an attack with a warm bath or shower or a fever, and the prominence of syncope rule against the diagnosis of conventional cholinergic urticaria. There is no history or evidence of an encounter with an environmental source of antigen during the exercise period.
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PMID:Exercise-induced anaphylaxis. 740 Apr 73

We present an unusual case of adult-onset systemic mastocytosis with biopsy-proven skin and bone manifestations with the rare presentation of lumbar fracture and osteopenia. The normal 24-hour urine histamine is surprising in this patient, but it does not rule out mastocytosis. It is a sensitive assay that can give false negative results if stored before the assay is performed. Also histamine and PGD2 metabolites are more sensitive and specific. It is surprising that our patient did not have gastrointestinal symptoms. In one prospective study of 16 patients with systemic mastocytosis in which 75% had bone marrow involvement as the most common extracutaneous site, 80% were found to have gastrointestinal symptomatology, indicating such symptoms to be more common than previously thought. The lack of pruritus is also surprising, as most cutaneous lesions of urticaria pigmentosa are pruritic. Symptoms of systemic mastocytosis, particularly pruritus may respond to antihistamines and the bone disease may not respond to calcium and hormone manipulation. The main role of the latter is to prevent further bone loss. We may consider the use of cromolyn or ketotifen if she does not respond. Close follow-up will be needed to check for progression, however she appears to have a good prognosis with skin involvement and no hematologic abnormalities.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1995 May
PMID:Systemic mastocytosis: a diagnostic challenge. 774 67

Allergic rhinitis is underestimated as a cause of suffering and diminished quality of life in children and adolescents. If nasal symptoms such as itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and congestion are not well controlled during the day, they may contribute to learning problems during school hours. If these symptoms are not well controlled during the night, they may contribute to nocturnal sleep loss, secondary daytime fatigue and learning impairment. Even uncomplicated seasonal allergic rhinitis may be associated with reduced ability to learn, and the likelihood of learning problems may increase in severe perennial rhinitis or in rhinitis associated with complications such as sinusitis or eustachian tube dysfunction and conductive hearing loss. Also, many of the medications used to treat allergic rhinitis may cause central nervous system adverse effects and contribute to learning impairment. For some medications, such as inhaled glucocorticoids and decongestants, the potential effect on central nervous system function and learning has not been tested. For others such as H1-receptor antagonists (antihistamines), well-designed, prospective studies have been performed. The newer relatively nonsedating medications such as terfenadine, astemizole, loratadine, cetirizine, and fexofenadine have less potential to impair central nervous system function and learning than their predecessors.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Learning impairment and allergic rhinitis. 887 36

Nasal provocation (NP) in allergic rhinitis patients can elicit a late phase inflammatory response in which interleukins (IL), leukotrienes (LT), and neutrophils have been implicated. Certain antihistamines have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. The objective was to determine whether astemizole at 10 mgs/day has any anti-inflammatory characteristics. We clinically evaluated 20 patients with allergic rhinitis and measured nasal IL-8 and LTB4 during NP with increasing doses of grass and ragweed antigen in a double-blind placebo-controlled fashion after a 4-week course of treatment. Clinical symptom scores for sneezing, pruritus, and rhinorrhea were evaluated. Nasal fluid was examined by ELISA and RIA for IL-8 and LTB4 levels along with neutrophil assessment before NP and at 3, 6, and 8 hours. Symptom scores for nasal sneezing, pruritus, rhinorrhea, and nasal LTB4 levels at 6 and 8 hours and IL-8 at 3, 6, and 8 hours were generally lower in astemizole-treated patients compared to those on placebo. Nasal IL-8 levels corresponded to LTB4 levels at diluent and at 6 hours in the placebo group (P = 0.01). The percentage of neutrophils correlated with LTB4 levels at baseline, coefficient = 0.76, P = 0.02 and at 6 hours, coefficient = 0.62, P = 0.035 in the placebo group. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect of astemizole during NP on IL-8 and LTB4 levels with a significant correlation of neutrophil numbers in untreated patients during the nasal late phase response.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Late phase response during nasal challenge: effect of astemizole on leukotriene B4 levels. 893 1

There is evidence that the prevalence of allergies and asthma differs between populations in western and eastern Europe. This study investigated the prevalence of wheezing, rhinitis and eczema among schoolchildren in urban and rural areas of Scandinavia and the formerly socialist countries of Eastern Europe. A total of 79,000 children from two age groups (13-14 yrs and 6-7 yrs) in 18 study centres responded to a questionnaire within the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISAAC). The 12 month period prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema was calculated. The prevalence of wheezing among the 13-14 yr old children was 11.2-19.7% in Finland and Sweden, 7.6-8.5% in Estonia, Latvia and Poland and 2.6-5.9% in Albania, Romania, Russia, Georgia and Uzbekistan (except Samarkand). The prevalence of itching eyes and flexural dermatitis varied in a similar manner between the three regions. The regional differences were less pronounced among the 6-7 yr old children in the seven participating centres. The highest prevalence of rhinitis was recorded in April-July in Scandinavia and during the winter months in the other countries. The prevalence of atopy-related disorders was higher in Scandinavia than in Estonia, Latvia and Poland, which in turn had a higher prevalence than five other countries of eastern Europe with a culture less similar to western Europe. This supports the hypothesis that "Western life style" is associated with a high prevalence of childhood allergy.
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PMID:Prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. 972 97

To determine the relative efficacy, compare the incidence of adverse events, and ascertain the systemic glucocorticoid effect of the nasal application of several doses of budesonide, 406 patients with seasonal ragweed-induced allergic rhinitis were randomized in a double-blind, parallel group design to receive intranasal budesonide aqueous pump spray (Rhinocort Aqua) 32 micrograms, 64 micrograms, 128 micrograms, 256 micrograms, or placebo once daily for 4 weeks. A total of 231 adults and 175 children participated in the study conducted at 14 centers in two geographic regions, the Midwest and the Northeast United States, during the 1994 ragweed season. Pollen counts were collected at each site by the Rotorod method. The primary efficacy parameter was the change from baseline nasal index score (NIS) for the overall study population--defined as the sum of scores for nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing. The study was powered only to evaluate the overall study population for statistical significance. Significant differences in NIS were observed in each active treatment group compared with placebo (p < or = 0.003). Compared with placebo, budesonide aqueous spray significantly reduced individual symptoms of runny nose and sneezing at all doses (p < or = 0.008), and nasal congestion and nasal itching at all doses except 64 micrograms (p < or = 0.022). In the Midwest pollen belt where the 1994 ragweed season was representative of a typical pollen season, it was possible to establish a dose-response relationship for comparison of budesonide aqueous spray 256 micrograms versus 32 micrograms (p = 0.017). The incidence of adverse events was similar between budesonide aqueous-treated and placebo-treated patients. Importantly, there was no effect of budesonide aqueous spray on basal or ACTH-stimulated plasma cortisol levels in either adults or children at the end of 4 weeks of treatment. Intranasal budesonide aqueous pump spray, administered once daily, was efficacious and was generally well tolerated in both adults and children with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Intranasal budesonide aqueous pump spray (Rhinocort Aqua) for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Rhinocort Aqua Study Group. 980 42

Mast cell degranulation leads to the release of histamine and a host of other mediators. However, histamine remains preeminent in proffering the vexatious symptoms of allergic rhinitis including itching, sneezing, dripping, and congestion. The mechanisms of symptom production in rhinitis will be reviewed with an eye toward effects on mucosal resident cells such as epithelium, endothelium, and glands, the role of nociceptive and parasympathetic nerves, and the recruitment and activation of leukocytes in the mucosa. The benefits and mechanisms of action of antihistamines, anticholinergic agents, and glucocorticoids will be discussed.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Mechanisms of rhinitis. 987 72

Chronic urticaria is a common clinical disorder that is idiopathic in over 75% of cases. Less commonly, urticaria may be the presenting manifestation of an allergic or infectious disease, endocrinopathy, inherited syndrome, or autoimmune disorder. Rarely, urticaria may be a sign of underlying malignancy, including leukemia. C.C. is a 48-year-old white female who was referred for evaluation of recurrent urticaria for 3 years. The pruritic, erythematous wheals were pinpoint, and appeared to be precipitated by heat, stress, and effort. Prick tests were negative except to D. pteronyssinus. CBCs over the past 5 years revealed WBCs of 2,300-5,000 cells/mm3. Skin biopsy revealed interstitial edema with infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells consistent with urticaria. The impression was probable cholinergic urticaria, for which hydroxyzine was prescribed with fair symptomatic control. One year later, she presented with bright red blood per rectum. Repeat physical examination revealed lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Subsequent laboratory studies showed pancytopenia. Endoscopy was normal except for small, nonbleeding hemorrhoids. Bone marrow biopsy revealed histologic evidence of hair, cell leukemia that was treated with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Upon initiation of chemotherapy her pruritus and urticaria subsided. Recent CBC revealed Hgb 9.2 g/dL, platelets 290,000 cells/mm3, and WBC 4,100 cells/mm3. Peripheral blood smear showed no hairy cells.
Allergy Asthma Proc
PMID:Chronic urticaria as a presenting sign of hairy cell leukemia. 1007 10


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