Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven patients with nodular prurigo, five patients with lichenified eczema and seven control volunteers were studied immunohistochemically using antisera to the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP), and the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and the C-flanking region of neuropeptide Y (C-PON). PGP-, CGRP- and SP-immunoreactivities were also evaluated using image analysis quantification, and the data compared by statistical analysis. No significant changes were noted in the lichenified skin of patients with chronic eczema, compared with the control groups. In contrast, a significant increase in PGP immunoreactive nerve fibers was seen in lesional skin of all nodular prurigo cases studied, when compared with non-lesional skin from the same patient or from control subjects (P < 0.001). In one case massive neural hyperplasia was also identified. Staining for CGRP and SP showed a large increase of immunoreactive nerves in lesional skin of nodular prurigo patients, which closely paralleled that of PGP. Staining with VIP, C-PON and TH was similar in both lesional and non-lesional skin. These results indicate that neural changes in nodular prurigo are associated with an increase of sensory neuropeptides, which could be related to the intense pruritus which accompanies nodular prurigo. The absence of significant changes in lichenified skin suggests that the increase in CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive nerve fibres is a characteristic feature of nodular prurigo and may be important in its pathogenesis.
Br J Dermatol 1992 Oct
PMID:Increased sensory neuropeptides in nodular prurigo: a quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. 141 54

Research on itch has been hampered by difficulties in measuring the itch sensation. A microcomputer-based system, where the patients themselves record their symptoms on portable data loggers can be used for quantitative measurements of clinical itch and for the detection of antipruritic effects of drugs. By using this system we have found that itch in atopic dermatitis is not inhibited by antihistamines but by cyclosporin A, a drug inhibiting cytokine production. Thus histamine is not a major pruritogen in atopic dermatitis. A hypothesis is proposed that cytokines are involved in itch in atopic dermatitis.
J Dermatol Sci 1992 Sep
PMID:Some methods for evaluating clinical itch and their application for studying pathophysiological mechanisms. 141 79

A eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) contains 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine in an oil and water emulsion and has been found to give effective, safe analgesia on normal and diseased skin, making it useful for numerous medical and surgical procedures, such as anesthesia for superficial surgery, split-thickness skin grafts, venipuncture, argon laser treatment, epilation, and debridement of infected ulcers. Other indications have included use in postherpetic neuralgia, hyperhidrosis, painful ulcers, and inhibition of itching and burning. To be effective, EMLA should ideally be applied to the desired area for at least 1 hour under an occlusive dressing. The medication has been approved since May 1991 in Canada for use on intact skin and has been available in Europe for many years. This study discusses the background, efficacy, and current and potential uses of EMLA.
J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1992 Oct
PMID:EMLA. A new and effective topical anesthetic. 815 Oct 42

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids compete with arachidonic acid as substrates for lipoperoxidases, which transform them into leukotrienes with low biological activity. As this process, in skin, may benefit psoriatic patients, a randomized controlled single blind-study was carried out on a sample of 25 patients. In the study fish oil (FO) was compared with liquid paraffin (LP); both were topically applied and administered daily for 6 h under an occlusive dressing over a 4-week period. Evaluations were performed weekly assessing erythema, scaling, plaque thickness (induration) and itching. The results showed statistically significant improvement in erythema and scaling for both treatments compared to basal values; significant differences between treatments were achieved in scaling but not in erythema. Compared to baseline, FO significantly improved plaque thickness while LP did not. After 4 weeks, FO proved to be significantly better than LP. All patients accepted the treatment despite its unpleasant smell. Irritation and a burning sensation were reported in the FO treated plaque of one patient. This adverse effect reverted after completing the treatment. These findings demonstrate that topical FO shows a better performance than LP under an occlusive dressing.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1992 May
PMID:Topical fish oil in psoriasis--a controlled and blind study. 145 Dec 89

A 35-year-old male patient affected with extensive, itching skin lesions of reticulate porokeratosis is reported. He was successfully treated by CO2-laser vaporization.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1992 May
PMID:Reticulate porokeratosis--successful treatment with CO2-laser vaporization. 145 Dec 95

A total of 725 patients with mycosis of the skin folds, large areas of the body or feet were entered into this double-blind, dose-finding study. Treatment with 0.125, 0.25 or 0.5% amorolfine cream was randomly allocated to patients. The cream was applied once daily for 4 weeks on average. At screening, in 527 patients evaluated for efficacy, a total of 533 pathogens were isolated: T. rubrum (322), T. mentagrophytes (84), E. floccosum (45), M. canis (42), other dermatophytes (14), C. albicans (24) and other yeasts (2). One week after the end of treatment, the culture was negative in 80.5, 81.3 and 84.8% of patients treated with 0.125, 0.25 or 0.5% amorolfine cream, respectively. The differences were not statistically significant. Forty-four out of 714 patients evaluated for safety had local adverse events: 14 (5.8%), 13 (5.5%) and 17 (7.1%) in the amorolfine cream 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5% groups, respectively. Due to local adverse events, six patients (2.5%) in the 0.125% group, six patients (2.6%) in the 0.25% group and seven patients (2.9%) in the 0.5% group discontinued the trial treatment. The most common adverse events were burning, itching, erythema and scaling. No systemic adverse events were reported.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1992 Sep
PMID:Dose-finding study of amorolfine cream (0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5%) in the treatment of dermatomycoses. 145 66

A total of 232 patients with mycoses of skin folds, body, or feet were entered into a double-blind, parallel group-study. Therapy with 0.125, 0.25, 0.5% amorolfine cream or 1% bifonazole cream was randomly allocated to patients. The cream was applied once daily for 4 weeks on average. At screening, in 208 patients evaluated for efficacy, a total of 225 fungi were isolated: T. rubrum (77), T. mentagrophytes (65), other dermatophytes (15), C. albicans (34), other yeasts (26) and moulds (8). One to three weeks after ending therapy, the percentage of patients with negative cultures were as follows: 87.3, 91.7, 90.7 and 92.2% in the amorolfine cream 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and bifonazole cream 1% groups respectively. The differences were not statistically significant. Six out of 223 patients evaluated for safety had local adverse events: one (1.7%), two (3.6%) and three (5.4%) in the amorolfine cream 0.125%, 0.25% and bifonazole cream 1% groups respectively. The most common local adverse events were burning and increased itching, erythema or weeping. A once-daily application of amorolfine cream can be recommended for the treatment of dermatomycoses on the basis of the results from this study. However, a further and similar study with a larger number of patients was required to select the concentration of amorolfine cream for therapeutic use.
Clin Exp Dermatol 1992 Sep
PMID:Double-blind comparison of amorolfine and bifonazole in the treatment of dermatomycoses. 145 67

The petechial glove and sock syndrome is a recently described febrile dermatosis characterized by acral pruritus, edema, pain, petechiae, and an enanthem of petechiae and erosions; these features suggest a viral origin. We report a typical case in a 36-year-old woman. IgM antibodies to human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) were present, and acute and convalescent IgG antibodies demonstrated seroconversion, which suggested recent infection with PVB19. Results of tests for other viral and bacterial agents were negative. These results strongly implicate PVB19 as an etiologic agent in the petechial glove and sock syndrome.
J Am Acad Dermatol 1992 Nov
PMID:Petechial glove and sock syndrome caused by parvovirus B19. 146 39

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatologic problems among patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. One-hundred and two patients with CRF were examined for the presence of cutaneous alterations. All patients examined had at least one cutaneous lesion. The most prevalent findings were alterations in the cutaneous pigmentation. Of particular interest was an increased prevalence of hyperpigmented macules on the palms and soles. Other manifestations, seen particularly in the hemodialysis group, included the half-and-half nail, pruritus, and keratotic pits of the palms and soles. Infectious processes were more prevalent in the group undergoing peritoneal dialysis. This study showed that all patients with CRF have some type of cutaneous alteration and that the type of dialysis could have some influence upon the incidence of these changes.
Int J Dermatol 1992 Dec
PMID:Cutaneous alterations in patients with chronic renal failure. 147 64

Vulval itch and discomfort are often intractable symptoms and the response to standard therapy can be unsatisfactory. There is some evidence that vulvar sensitivity to irritants is higher than that of forearm skin, but the incidence of relevant allergic contact sensitivity amongst this patient population is unknown. The patch-test data over a 5-year period of 135 patients with persistent vulval symptoms were reviewed and 63 patients had positive results. Of these, 39 had positive results considered to be relevant to their clinical condition. Medicaments and their constituents were responsible for most of these reactions and more than half the patients had multiple allergies.
Br J Dermatol 1992 Jan
PMID:Allergic contact dermatitis and vulvar dermatoses. 153 10


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