Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A randomized, multicentre, investigator-masked study was conducted in 105 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris to compare the efficacy and safety of adapalene 0.1% gel with tretinoin 0.025% gel after three months of treatment, with particular emphasis on reduction in inflammatory lesion counts after one week of treatment and impact on quality of life. In terms of efficacy, adapalene gel was found to be superior to tretinoin gel after one week of treatment, with respect to reduction in inflammatory lesion counts (32% vs. 17%, respectively; P = 0.001), total lesion counts (28% vs. 22%, respectively; P = 0.042) and global severity grade (28% vs. 16%, respectively; P = 0.001). No significant difference between the two treatments was found after 12 weeks of treatment for any of these variables. Evaluation of facial skin tolerance parameters showed significant differences between the two treatments in favour of adapalene for dryness, erythema, immediate and persistent burning and pruritus for at least one time point. One patient in the adapalene group and three patients in the tretinoin group experienced medical events which lead to discontinuation of treatment (skin irritation; NS). Quality of life scores improved more rapidly in the adapalene group than in the tretinoin group, with significant differences (P < 0.05) appearing at week 1 for questions related to problems with partners, close friends or relatives and to skin symptoms. There was also a significantly greater improvement in social and leisure activity in the adapalene group at week 12. Adapalene 0.1% gel reduced inflammatory and total lesion counts more rapidly than tretinoin 0.025% gel, and was also better tolerated. These differences appear to result in an earlier and greater quality of life improvement for the patients receiving adapalene.
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PMID:Evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety of adapalene 0.1% gel versus tretinoin 0.025% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris, with particular reference to the onset of action and impact on quality of life. 999 Apr 18

A multicentre study was conducted to compare clinical safety and efficacy of adapalene 0.1% solution and tretinoin 0.025% gel, both topical treatments for acne, in a once-daily dosage regimen for 12 weeks. A total of 297 patients were enrolled by eight investigators in this randomized, investigator-masked study in a parallel group design. An open label period using adapalene followed this study to assess the long-term safety of adapalene solution. Adapalene and tretinoin proved to be clinically and statistically effective in treating acne by reducing inflammatory (47% and 50%, respectively) and non-inflammatory lesions (57% and 54%) as compared to baseline. When comparing patients who had 75% or greater improvement in open comedones, adapalene was shown to be significantly more effective than tretinoin. No serious adverse event was reported during this study, including during the long-term period. The reactions that occurred were similar between treatments, i.e. burning, pruritus, scaling, dryness and erythema.
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PMID:Comparison of adapalene 0.1% solution and tretinoin 0.025% gel in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. 999 Apr 20

Adapalene, a naphthoic-acid derivative, possesses some of the biological activities of tretinoin but has distinct physicochemical properties and binding properties for selective affinity for retinoic acid receptors. As such, adapalene is less likely to be associated with certain local tolerability problems (e.g. burning, erythema, pruritus). Over the past 5 years, numerous clinical trials have been conducted to compare the efficacy and tolerability of adapalene and tretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Three pivotal, large, well-controlled studies involving almost 900 patients showed that adapalene gel 0.1% and adapalene solution 0.1% are at least as effective as tretinoin gel 0.025%, with superior local tolerability. Adapalene cream 0.1% has proven to be significantly more effective than vehicle, with response rates comparable to those observed with the gel and solution. A meta-analysis of trials with the gel formulation confirmed these findings, showing equivalent efficacy and improved tolerability vs. tretinoin gel 0.025%. Moreover, the onset of clinical effect was shown to be significantly more rapid than that of tretinoin gel. Taken together, these studies demonstrated that adapalene has overall efficacy similar to that of topical tretinoin, but with a superior therapeutic ratio that may result in superior outcomes in clinical practice through improved compliance. This may be expected because of its lesser potential for skin irritation, especially early in treatment, and because of greater convenience in that no waiting period is required between face washing and application of the product. Therefore, 5 years of clinical experience have established that adapalene in its various formulations is a valuable addition to current treatments for acne vulgaris.
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PMID:Pivotal clinical trials of adapalene in the treatment of acne. 1184 29

Tazarotene is a receptor-selective retinoid, which is efficacious in the treatment of patients with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and photoaging. It normalizes keratinocyte differentiation, reverses keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and has anti-inflammatory effects. Clinical studies have shown that tazarotene 0.1% gel has greater comedolytic activity than tretinoin (Retin-A 0.025% gel, Retin-A Micro 0.1%) and adapalene (Differin) 0.1% gel. Although it is efficacious as monotherapy, tazarotene is more commonly used as part of combination therapy with a topical antibacterial in patients with acne vulgaris, and with a mid- or high-potency topical corticosteroid or with phototherapy in patients with psoriasis. Combination therapy enhances efficacy and tolerability. Tazarotene 0.1% gel, used in combination with mometasone furoate 0.1% cream, was shown in psoriasis clinical trials to be more efficacious than calcipotriene (calcipotriol) ointment used twice daily, or mometasone furoate 0.1% cream used twice daily. Use of tazarotene in conjunction with broad band UVB, narrow band UVB or bath psoralens + UVA (PUVA) results in greater efficacy than with phototherapy alone. Tazarotene should not be administered during pregnancy or in women who are not practicing adequate contraception. Adverse events consist primarily of irritation, peeling, erythema, dryness, burning, and itching. They are most common during the first 1-2 weeks of therapy and can be minimized with use of the cream formulation, alternate day application, short contact therapy, mild cleansers, and combination therapy.
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PMID:Optimizing treatment with topical tazarotene. 1262 95

Adapalene, tazarotene, and tretinoin are topical retinoids that are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have overall favorable safety profiles. These agents are effective in a variety of skin disorders. Local adverse events, seen especially during the early course of treatment, include peeling, erythema, dryness, burning, and itching. The degree of local skin intolerance varies among patients and may relate to the vehicle formulation used. These local effects can be minimized by decreasing exposure to sunlight, avoiding extreme temperatures, and using moisturizers. Use of these agents has been found to be advantageous over current systemic retinoids from a toxicologic perspective. This article reviews the safety, efficacy, and photostability of the available topical retinoids.
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PMID:An update on the safety and efficacy of topical retinoids. 1577 39

Topical retinoids are important tools in the management of acne because they act against comedones and microcomedones and have direct anti-inflammatory effects. The substances approved for acne treatment comprise tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid), isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid) as well as the synthetic third-generation polyaromatic retinoids adapalene and tazarotene, the latter being approved for acne treatment in the US only. Retinaldehyde is used in cosmetic preparations against acne. All topical retinoids are effective as single agents in mild to moderate acne but differ in efficacy and tolerability. Tazarotene 0.1% is more effective than tretinoin 0.025% or 0.1% microsphere gel or adapalene 0.1% gel or cream (EBM-level 2c). Adapalene 0.1% is equally effective to tretinoin 0.025% or tretinoin microsphere 0.1% gel or tretinoin 0.05% cream or isotretinoin 0.05% gel (EBM-level 2c). Adapalene 0.1% gel is significantly better tolerated than tazarotene 0.1% gel, tretinoin 0.025% and tretinoin 0.05% gel, tretinoin 0.05% cream, tretinoin microsphere 0.1% gel or isotretinoin 0.05% gel (EBM-level 2c). The safety profile of topical retinoids differs from their systemic counterparts and is related mainly to local adverse effects, such as erythema, dryness, itching and stinging. The currently available evidence justifies the use of topical retinoids in most types of acne and during maintenance treatment.
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PMID:Topical retinoids in acne--an evidence-based overview. 2048 88

Topical retinoids are important tools in the management of acne because they act against comedones and microcomedones and have direct anti-inflammatory effects. The substances approved for acne treatment comprise tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid), isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid) as well as the synthetic third-generation polyaromatic retinoids adapalene and tazarotene, the latter being approved for acne treatment in the US only. Retinaldehyde is used in cosmetic preparations against acne. All topical retinoids are effective as single agents in mild to moderate acne but differ in efficacy and tolerability. Tazarotene 0.1 % is more effective than tretinoin 0.025 % or 0.1 % microsphere gel or adapalene 0.1 % gel or cream (EBM-level 2c). Adapalene 0.1 % is equally effective to tretinoin 0.025 % or tretinoin microsphere 0.1 % gel or tretinoin 0.05 % cream or isotretinoin 0.05 % gel (EBM-level 2c). Adapalene 0.1 % gel is significantly better tolerated than tazarotene 0.1 % gel, tretinoin 0.025 % and tretinoin 0.05 % gel, tretinoin 0.05% cream, tretinoin microsphere 0.1 % gel or isotretinoin 0.05 % gel (EBM-level 2c).The safety profile of topical retinoids differs from their systemic counterparts and is related mainly to local adverse effects, such as erythema, dryness, itching and stinging. The currently available evidence justifies the use of topical retinoids in most types of acne and during maintenance treatment.
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PMID:[Topical retinoids in acne--an evidence-based overview]. 1847 77