Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report neuromuscular manifestations in a 45-year-old woman after consuming octopus meat (Octopus sp.). The patient presented malaise, paresthesias in perioral and extremity areas, intense muscular weakness and arterial hypotension, followed by severe itch and disseminated cutaneous rash. Gastrointestinal manifestations and fever were not observed, reducing the probability of alimentary poisoning. The presence of muscular and neurological symptoms suggests neurotoxin action, which could have been ingested by the victim from the octopus salivary glands or from an accumulation of toxins in the meat, or by an unknown mechanism. There is little known about toxins of the Octopus genus and this communication is important alert to the possibility of poisoning in humans that eat octopus and its differentiation from alimentary poisonings arising from incorrect conservation of seafood.
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PMID:Acute neuromuscular manifestations in a patient associated with ingesting octopus (Octopus sp.). 1738 22

Hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to oxaliplatin in patients with colorectal cancer include facial flushing, erythema, pruritus, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, tongue swelling, rash/hives, headache, chills, weakness, vomiting, burning sensations, dizziness, and edema. We report a patient with fever as the sole manifestation of initial HSR, review the literature and discuss the management of HSR. A 57-year-old female with T3N2M0 rectal adenocarcinoma received modified FOLFOX-6. She tolerated the first 8 cycles without any toxicities except grade 1 peripheral neuropathy and nausea. During 9th and 10th infusions, she developed fever to a maximum of 38.3 centigrade with stable hemodynamic status despite medications. During 11th infusion, she developed grade 3 HSR consisting of symptomatic bronchospasm, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, cough, and fever. On examination, she was pale, cyanotic, with a temperature of 38.8 centigrade, BP dropped to 95/43 mm Hg, pulse of 116/min and O(2) saturation of 88%-91%. She was hospitalized for management and recovered in 24 h. Fever alone is not a usual symptom of oxaliplatin HSR. It may be indicative that the patient may develop serious reactions subsequently, as did our patient who developed hypotension with the third challenge. Treatment and prevention consists of slowing the infusion rate, use of steroids and antagonists of Type 1 and 2 histamine receptor antagonists, whereas desensitization could help to provide the small number of patients who experience severe HSR with the ability to further receive an effective therapy for their colorectal cancer.
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PMID:Fever as the only manifestation of hypersensitivity reactions associated with oxaliplatin in a patient with colorectal cancer Oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reaction. 1787 1

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a progressive, debilitating, and emotionally distressing disease that can affect patients with renal dysfunction. Prevention, early recognition and early treatment are essential to limiting its impact. The most significant risk factors for developing NSF are chronic or significant acute kidney disease (usually necessitating dialysis) and the administration of gadolinium-containing contrast agents (GCCA). Early symptoms include swelling, redness, pruritus, and pain in the limbs, sometimes with muscle weakness. Early signs are edema, erythema, and occasionally palpable warmth of the involved extremities; there may be florid scleral telangiectasia resembling conjunctivitis. We must redouble our efforts to avoid the administration of GCCA to patients with renal insufficiency. The most effective treatment for NSF to date is maximization of renal function via medical therapy or transplantation. There are data to support a beneficial effect from extracorporeal photopheresis, and all patients can gain from physical therapy.
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PMID:Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: early recognition and treatment. 1822 8

Although the reported incidence of hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to antineoplastic agents is considered to be uncommon, it is difficult to evaluate their exact prevalence, mainly because their definition is vast and pathogenic mechanisms are vague. HSR include facial flushing, erythema, pruritus, fever, tachycardia, dyspnea, tongue swelling, rash/hives, headache, chills, weakness, vomiting, burning sensations, dizziness, and edema. Treatment and prevention consists of slowing the infusion rate, steroids, and type 1 and 2 histamine receptor antagonists. Desensitization could allow the small number of patients who experience severe HSR to receive effective therapy for their cancer. Reintroductions have only been reported as single case studies or small cohorts. Large-scale validation on desensitization strategies is still missing. With regard to oxaliplatin, knowledge of its rare but eminent toxicity is paramount, because this drug is widely used in treating colorectal cancer, the second-highest cause of cancer mortality in the United States.
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PMID:Hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin and other antineoplastic agents. 1837 76

The Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/ DOQI) 2006 recommended a minimum weekly Kt/V of 1.7 for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients while emphasizing the importance of keeping the patient free of uremic symptoms. We examined a symptom score index [Pittsburgh Symptom Score (PSS)] designed to evaluate uremic symptoms to determine if the score improved in the first year of PD. The PSS is a 10-symptom (fatigue, trouble sleeping, difficulty concentrating, restless legs, change in taste, loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting, pruritus, bone pain, muscle pain or weakness) questionnaire that uses a Likert scale of 0 (none) to 5 (severe). From January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2006, incident PD patients completed the PSS at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Patients were excluded from analysis if they had been on PD for less than 6 months or on hemodialysis 6 months or more before starting PD. Prevalences of individual symptoms at 1 year and at baseline were compared using the chi-square test. Differences in PSS at the various time intervals were compared using the sign test. The study included 45 patients [51% women; 31% African Americans; 33% with diabetes; mean age: 58.0 years (range: 30 - 89 years); mean initial Charlson Comorbidity Index: 5 (range: 2 - 11)]. Initial median total score improved to 8 from 12 (p = 0.005) by 3 months, with no further improvement. Improvements occurred in change in taste (p = 0.029 at 3 months), difficulty concentrating (p = 0.04 at 6 months), itching (p = 0.007 at 3 months), loss of appetite (p = 0.009 at 3 months), muscle pain or weakness (p = 0.002 at 3 months), sleep disturbance (p = 0.04 at 9 months), and restless legs (p = 0.026 at 9 months). Fatigue, bone pain, and nausea or vomiting scores were low at the start and did not significantly change over the first year. Significant decreases in symptom prevalence were seen in difficulty concentrating (p = 0.03), change in taste (p = 0.005), loss of appetite (p = 0.04), and muscle pain or weakness (p = 0.02) at 1 year. Initiation of PD results in improvement in the prevalence and severity of most uremic symptoms by 3 to 9 months and is maintained at 12 months. We recommend routine checklist evaluation of symptoms at regular clinical intervals.
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PMID:Improvement in Pittsburgh Symptom Score index after initiation of peritoneal dialysis. 1898

Analgesic techniques after c-section must be effective producing early mobilisation to enable mothers to care effort their babies. In this study, the comparison of ropivacaine 0.2% alone, with ropivacaine 0.2%+sufentanil 0.75 microg mL-1 for patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) was aimed. Fifty women (ASA-I) were enrolled in the study. All patients had combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. Infusion of analgesic solutions was started when sensory level decreased by two dermatome levels. The patients randomly assigned, into two groups (n=25). In Group-I, ropivacaine 0.2% and sufentanil 0.75 microg mL-1, in Group-II, ropivacaine 0.2% alone were applied (bolus 1.25 mL, lockout 30 min, with 2.5 mL h-1 background infusion). Pain (Visual Analog Scale), motor blockage (Bromage scale) and sedation (Four point scale) were evaluated during 24 hours after Caesarean, using the scales of visual analogue, bromage, and four-point, respectively. Haemodynamic and respiratory parameters, side effects, total drug consumption and additional analgesic need, were recorded. Statistical analysis included student-t, chi-square, and Mann Whitney U tests. There was no difference in demographic data, sedation scores, haemodynamic and respiratory parameters, between the groups. Motor block and pain scores were significantly higher in Group-II than in Group-I at 2 and 4. h. Total drug consumption was 65.24+/-4.20 mL for Group-I and 81.1+/-6.44 mL for Group-II, (P<0.05). Four patients in Group-I and 21 patients in Group-II received additional analgesic. Pruritus was observed more frequently in Group-I. The addition of sufentanil 0.75 microg mL-1 to ropivacaine 0.2% for PCEA after Caesarean led to more effective analgesia and less motor weakness when compared to ropivacaine 0.2% alone, especially during early postoperative period.
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PMID:Comparison of epidural ropivacaine 0.2% and ropivacaine 0.2% in combination with sufentanil 0.75 microg mL-1 for postcaesarean analgesia. 1911 54

Palliative care for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is developing in Hong Kong. This is the first local study to explore the symptom burden and quality of life (QOL) of ESRD patients on chronic dialysis and palliative care. This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted on ESRD patients in a hospital in Hong Kong from January 2006 to April 2007. Data collected included demographics, socioeconomic status, modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), prevalence and intensity of 23 ESRD-related symptoms as rated by numerical rating scale (0-10), Brief Pain Inventory and QOL by MOS SF-36. A total of 179 ESRD patients completed the study; 45 patients (25.1%) were in the palliative care group and 134 patients (74.9%) in the dialysis group. The palliative care group were older (73.1 +/- 7.1 vs 58.2 +/- 11.4 years, P < 0.001), had marginally higher modified CCI (8.5 +/- 1.9 vs 6.1 +/- 2.4, P = 0.05), had more diabetics (62.2 vs 35.8%, P < 0.001) and were of poorer socioeconomic status than the dialysis group. The mean number of symptoms was 8.2 +/- 3.9 and 9.3 +/- 4.7 in the palliative care and the dialysis group, respectively (P = NS). Fatigue, cold aversion, pruritus, lower torso weakness and difficulty sleeping were the five most prevalent symptoms in both groups, and were also among the most intense symptoms. QOL was significantly impaired in both groups. Scores of all QOL domains correlated negatively with the number of symptoms (P < 0.001). Our ESRD patients under palliative care and dialysis had overlapping symptom prevalence and intensity, significant symptom burden and impaired QOL.
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PMID:Symptom burden and quality of life in end-stage renal disease: a study of 179 patients on dialysis and palliative care. 1915 31

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine neoplasm with difficult histological diagnostic and unpredictable evolution. More unusual are the cases appearing in the course of end-stage renal disease on maintenance dialysis (22 observations in medical literature). A 46-year-old man suffering of chronic glomerulonephritis and renal failure for 13 years, having been on hemodialysis for three years, complains of asthenia, adynamia, muscle weakness, progressive osteoarticular pains, itching. The preoperative iPTH was 71/ng/ml, seric Ca2+/1.23 mmol/l, seric Ca/2.6/mmoli/l, seric P/2.02 mmol/l. Clinical and ultrasonographical examinations revealed a left "thyroid nodule" of 44 x 37 mm but no images of the parathyroid. Upon surgery, three parathyroid glands (two from the right side and the superior left one) were identified and excised after the frozen section. The fourth gland was not found but the resected "nodule" together with the adjacent thyroid lobe proved a parathyroid carcinoma upon paraffin examination. The clinical course after operation was uneventful. The authors underlined the criteria and difficulties in the pathologic diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma and also the principles of surgical treatment based on their experience of three cases.
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PMID:[Parathyroid carcinoma in a patient on hemodialysis for renal failure]. 1929 96

Onchocerciasis is an endemic disease in Ondo state, Nigeria. Community directed distribution of ivermectin is currently on-going in some local government areas of the state. Randomly selected persons (2331 males and 2469 females) were interviewed using a modified rapid assessment procedure for Loa loa (RAPLOA) to assess community directed treatment with ivermectin. The retrospective study evaluated the coverage, impacts and adverse reactions to the drug treatment. A questionnaire was administered by house-to-house visit in six local government areas, implementing community directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) in this bioclimatic zone. A total of 2,398 respondents were reported to have participated in the treatment. The overall ivermectin coverage of 49.96% was recorded (range 0-52% in different communities). Adverse reactions from ivermectin administration were experienced in 38% of individuals. Diverse adverse reactions experienced included predominantly itching (18.50%); oedema, especially of the face and the limbs (8.2%); rashes (3.4%) and body weakness (2.4%). Expulsion of intestinal worms occurred in 0.96% of the respondents. The occurrence of adverse reactions in relation to age categories was statistically significant. Neither fatal nor severe adverse reactions were reported by respondents. Significantly, despite experienced adverse reactions, continued participation, acceptability and compliance to ivermectin treatment was expressed by the various communities. This attitude is in consonance with the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) objectives. Rev. Biol.
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PMID:Adverse reactions from community directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) for onchocerciasis and loiasis in Ondo State, Nigeria. 1941 72

Hereditary spastic paraplegia describes a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by lower limb progressive weakness and spasticity. Troyer syndrome is an autosomal recessive form of hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by a frameshift mutation (1110delA) in the SPG20 gene encoding spartin protein, the cellular function of which remains unknown. Knowledge about spartin-interactors is also very limited. In this study, we apply a broad spectrum of proteomics techniques to identify novel spartin-binding proteins. We used a Tandem Affinity Purification technique followed by HPLC-mass spectrometry to characterize potential spartin-binding partners. Selected putative interactions were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. We identified 94 potential spartin-binding proteins which were grouped into functional categories. We performed co-immunoprecipitation experiments to confirm that spartin interacts with GRP78, GRP75 and nucleolin proteins. Additionally, our mass spectrometry results confirmed previously published information about spartin interaction with ubiquitin and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, AIP4/Itch and AIP5/WWP1. Our studies suggest that spartin is a multifunctional protein and for the first time we suggest a role for spartin in protein folding and turnover both in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. We also show for the first time interaction between spartin and a nucleolar protein, nucleolin.
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PMID:Identification of novel spartin-interactors shows spartin is a multifunctional protein. 1976 86


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