Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hepatotoxicity to different combinations of anti-tuberculosis drugs containing, Rifampicin (R), Streptomycin (S), Isoniazid (H), Pyrazinamide (Z) and Myambutol (E) is described in 47 patients who completed 6 to 9 months therapy. Seven cases (15%) showed signs of toxicity and in 4 patients (8.5%) the drugs had to be withdrawn. Two patients developed hepatitis, one with jaundice and the other with fever and deranged liver functions, while others 2 developed severe hypersensitivity reactions. Burning palms, difficulty in micturition, itching and giddiness were complained of by one patient each, which settled in due course without recourse to withdrawal of drugs.
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PMID:Hepatotoxicity to different antituberculosis drug combinations. 212 69

The Restaurant syndromes can be caused by five major factors: food allergens, sulfites, monosodium glutamate (MSG), tartrazine, and scombroidosis (and other seafood poisoning). A history of atopy and ingestion of known food allergens such as peanuts, egg, fish, and walnuts, together with positive results of skin tests or RAST to these foods, will favor a diagnosis of food allergy. Allergic reactions to peanuts have produced fatalities in minutes through an IgE mediated reaction. An extremely rapid onset (minutes) of symptoms consisting of flushing, bronchospasm and hypotension is consistent with a sulfite reaction. Burning, pressure, and tightness or numbness in the face, neck, and upper chest following ingestion of Chinese food favors a diagnosis of adverse reaction to MSG. Also, development of late onset bronchospasm (up to 14 hours) may be related to MSG reactions. Bronchospasm and urticaria in a patient with a history of aspirin intolerance suggests tartrazine sensitivity. If everyone ingesting a fish meal develops flushing, urticaria, pruritus, gastrointestinal complaints, or bronchospasm, this implies scombroidosis, ciguatera, or other seafood poisoning. Finally, severe headache or hypertension can result from ingestion of naturally occurring amines, such as tyramine (cheese, red wine) and phenylethylamine (chocolate). A double-blind oral challenge test may be the only way of confirming the diagnosis for most of the etiological factors of the Restaurant syndromes. The treatment of choice for acute reaction is epinephrine followed by antihistamine. Proper labeling and avoidance of these ingredients in sensitive individuals are the best preventive measures.
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PMID:The restaurant syndromes. 330 66

Alterations in the cutaneous vascular system are prominent in psoriasis and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. We evaluated the effects of topically applied capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a known inhibitor of cutaneous vasodilatation, on moderate and severe psoriasis. Under a double-blind paradigm, forty-four patients with symmetrically distributed psoriatic lesions applied topical capsaicin to one side of their body and identical-appearing vehicle to the other side for 6 weeks. After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, we performed ratings on changes in scaling and erythema, as well as overall improvement of the psoriasis. Over the course of the study, significantly greater overall improvement was observed on sides treated with capsaicin compared to sides treated with vehicle. Similarly, significantly greater reductions in scaling and erythema accompanied capsaicin application. Burning, stinging, itching, and redness of the skin were noted by nearly half of the patients on initial applications of study medication but diminished or vanished upon continued application. These results suggest that topical application of capsaicin may be a useful new approach in the treatment of psoriasis.
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PMID:Effects of topically applied capsaicin on moderate and severe psoriasis vulgaris. 376 Feb 76

Two cases of tuberculoid leprosy who developed erythema multiforme bullosum (EMB) due to Dapsone (DDS) is reported. Burning and itching sensations were found to be the prominent prodromal symptoms. The patients gave history of urticaria and bronchial asthma. Salient clinical features and further management of the cases by desensitization with slow induction to DDS under cover of steroids and antihistamines have been discussed.
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PMID:Erythema multiforme bullosum due to dapsone. 745 43

To evaluate the health impact of insecticides on Palestinian farm workers in the Gaza Strip, the study assessed biomarkers in farm workers who used organophosphorus insecticides. Serum cholinesterase and complete blood count were determined before and after spraying of organophosphorus insecticides. Burning sensations in eyes/face (62.5%), itching/skin irritation (37.5%), and chest symptoms (29.2%) were reported. Serum butyrylcholinesterase (SBuChE) was significantly decreased at the end of the work day. Burning sensations in eyes/face and skin rash were significantly associated with inhibition of SBuChE activity (p < 0.05). Younger workers were more affected. Leukocyte and platelet counts were increased and hemoglobin decreased significantly, reflecting acute poisoning. Monitoring of SBuChE and hematologic parameters of farm workers could be useful to predict and prevent health hazards of pesticides.
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PMID:Adverse impact of insecticides on the health of Palestinian farm workers in the Gaza Strip: a hematologic biomarker study. 1587 90

Fenticonazole is an imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity against dermatophytes and yeasts in in vitro and clinical studies. Fenticonazole exerts its unique antimycotic mechanism of action in the following three ways: (i) inhibition of the secretion of protease acid by Candida albicans; (ii) damage to the cytoplasmic membrane; and (iii) by blocking cytochrome oxidases and peroxidises. Fenticonazole has also been shown to exhibit antibacterial action, with a spectrum of activity that includes bacteria commonly associated with superinfected fungal skin and vaginal infections, and antiparasitic action against the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Therefore, fenticonazole may be an ideal topical alternative to multi-agent treatment of mixed infections involving mycotic, bacterial, dermatophyte and/or Trichomonas spp.Open-label clinical studies show that fenticonazole, in different pharmaceutical preparations administered once or twice daily, is effective in the treatment of superficial mycoses of the skin. In particular, fenticonazole is very effective (often with 100% of patients achieving a negative mycological assay) in pityriasis versicolor and candidiasis. For example, a large (n = 760) study showed fenticonazole 2% cream, spray or powder to be associated with a mycological response in 100% of patients with pityriasis versicolor, 96.3% of those with tinea infections and 95.2% of patients with Candida infections. Comparative clinical studies show fenticonazole once or twice daily to be at least as effective as six different topical antimycotics (miconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, bifonazole, naftifine and cyclopyroxolamine) in the treatment of superficial mycoses of the skin. Intravaginal administration of fenticonazole is associated with a high rate of microbiological efficacy in patients with vaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, mixed infection and bacterial vaginosis. Intravaginal fenticonazole is at least as effective as clotrimazole and shows similar efficacy to miconazole in patients with vaginal candidiasis. Fenticonazole has a rapid onset of action and clinical efficacy is generally observed within days of commencing treatment.Topical fenticonazole is very well tolerated; adverse events are generally mild to moderate in severity and transient. The most frequent adverse events are burning sensation/cutaneous irritation and itch when applied to the skin. In a large, open-label study in superficial mycoses of the skin, the incidence of adverse events was <5% and these were rarely responsible for treatment discontinuation. Burning sensation is the most common adverse event seen with fenticonazole when administered intravaginally. However, this symptom of vaginal fungal infection was often present in patients prior to drug administration.Given the rising incidence of superficial fungal, and possibly mixed, infections, topical fenticonazole represents an important part of the topical antimycotic armamentarium.
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PMID:Topical fenticonazole in dermatology and gynaecology: current role in therapy. 1884 6