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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results and side effects of immunotherapy in atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis are evaluated in 460 patients. The findings are listed in terms of diagnosis, age, sex and preparations as well as duration and number of incorporated allergens of immunotherapy-vaccine. In 82% a good result was reported, while in 18% no improvement could be seen. The results increase gradually from atopic dermatitis to bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, although the differences fail to be significant statistically. Males respond better than females. However, in bronchial asthma only, the differences are significant (p less than 0.01). According to the preparations used (Bencard, Novo-Helisen, Allpyral), no differences could be seen. The percentage of side effects is higher than 50%, but is mainly restricted to local swelling, tiredness and itching. Again no significant differences could be seen between the vaccines used.
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PMID:[Immunotherapy of allergic disease. Studies on 460 patients]. 47 57

In an open controlled multicenter study the effectiveness of various dose levels of (+)-Cyanidanol-3 (Catergen) in patients suffering from chronic liver disease and treated over a period of 6 months is assessed. Subjective symptoms as fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting and pruritus are positively influenced at all dose levels. A statistically significant fall of the transaminases SGOT, SGPT and gamma--GT however occurs only at a dosage of 6 tablets per day (3000 mg per day) of (+)-Cyanidanol-3, which cannot be demonstrated at a dose level of 3 X 1 tablet per day. Between the dosage of 2 X 3 or 3 X 2 tablets per day is no significant difference. Side effects due to therapy could not be observed.
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PMID:[A contribution as to the effect of (+)-Cyanidanol-3 in chronic liver disease (author's transl)]. 70 70

Twenty-two patients with clinical, biochemical, immunological and pathological characteristics compatible with primary biliary cirrhosis were studied. There were 17 women and 5 men with a mean age of 57.4 +/- 15.2 years and a mean follow-up of 24.1 +/- 20.1 months. Four of them expired during the follow-up and eighteen patients now survive. The most common complaints were fatigue (63.6%) and itching (59.1%). Only one case (4.5%) was asymptomatic in this series. The major physical findings were jaundice (50%) and hepatomegaly (50%). The significant laboratory findings were: elevation of alkaline phosphatase (91% of the cases greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (100% of the cases greater than 4 times the upper limit of normal), aspartate transaminase (95%) and alanine transaminase (100%), presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (91%), antinuclear antibodies (73%) and the elevation of IgM (88%). One case was associated with ulcerative colitis. Pathological staging in this series revealed 57.9% of stage II, 26% of stage III, 10% of stage IV and 5.3% of stage I. All patients with granuloma survived but 4 of the 5 patients with cholestasis died during follow-up. The results show that the features in this series of PBC were similar to those observed in western countries. The very high ALP and gamma-GT level as well as only one asymptomatic case in this series, suggest that our patients were diagnosed at a late stage. The reason(s) for the higher positivity of ANA, particularly the speckled type and a lower rate of associated auto-immune disease requires further study. Liver biopsy in predicting a prognosis is valuable.
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PMID:[A clinicopathological study in primary biliary cirrhosis]. 135 58

A retrospective study concerning ten patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AiH), diagnosed during a 2 1/2-year period is presented. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 82 years and nine of the patients were women. Their symptoms included jaundice, pruritus, fever, anorexia and fatigue during a few weeks to years. Seven patients had increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) levels. The three patients with normal ASAT levels had hypoalbuminaemia, decreased level of prothrombin or high levels of serum immunoglobulin G. Moderate or high levels of smooth muscle antibody titer were detected in nine patients, while none had increased levels of anti-nuclear antibody titer. Histological features of moderate or severe chronic active hepatitis were demonstrated in nine patients. One patient presented with clinical and histological features of acute hepatitis. Prednisolone therapy was followed by biochemical improvement in all the patients. In one patient, maintenance therapy with prednisolone was combined with azathioprine.
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PMID:[Autoimmune hepatitis. Forms of manifestation, diagnosis and treatment]. 141 30

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a progressive noninflammatory destruction of the interlobular bile ducts within the liver, leading to cholestasis and eventual cirrhosis. Ninety percent of affected patients are women. Most patients are initially without symptoms or have mild symptoms such as fatigue or pruritus. A minority of patients have the classical triad of jaundice, pruritus, and xanthelasmas. Almost all patients will have positive anti-mitochondrial antibody test results and an elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase level. Primary biliary cirrhosis is thought to be an autoimmune disorder with additional liver injury being mediated by the subsequent cholestasis and accumulation of toxic bile acids. New treatment modalities include colchicine, ursodeoxycholic acid, and methotrexate. All patients, including those with only minor symptoms, have increased mortality compared with age-matched controls, thereby emphasizing the need for early diagnosis.
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PMID:Primary biliary cirrhosis: current diagnosis and treatment. 142 Mar 96

Thirty-eight workers from a factory producing nickel-cadmium and other types of batteries came to us for medical evaluation. They included 21 women and 17 men (seniority 2-20 years, age range 31-63 years), and represented a self-selected subset of 700-900 ever-employed and 200+ recently or currently employed workers in the factory. Thirty-four worked on the nickel-cadmium assembly line. Symptoms and signs included: headache in 34; weakness, fatigue and lassitude in 26; dizziness in 16; pruritus and skin eruptions in 37; gingivitis, teeth loss and caries in 34; nasal congestion, nosebleeds and anosmia in 30; cough, phlegm production, wheezing and shortness of breath in 26; "asthma" in 14; bone pain in 18; urinary frequency, beta 2 microglobulinuria and kidney stones in 17; and sterility or multiple abortions (33) in 8 of 21 women. One additional patient had died from an "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like syndrome", while CT scans in six workers revealed brain atrophy. One other worker had leukemia, and two had died from cancer (lung and pancreas). Those who had worked for more than 10 years had more symptoms and signs than shorter-term employees, especially neurological illness, bone pain and urinary tract problems, including beta 2 microglobulinuria. Past blood and urinary cadmium levels were in the range of 1.6-8.7 micrograms/dl and 8-306 micrograms/l, respectively. Our findings indicated that: a) health risks for workers were not confined to the nickel-cadmium assembly line or to older workers, b) hazardous exposures still existed and illness appeared in new workers after a clean-up and intervention program, and c) exposures involved increased risks for renal disease and cancers. Finally, there is a need to control exposures and determine health risks in the full cohort of those ever employed, in the workers' children, and in the surrounding environment (air, ground, water) due to the dumping of waste from the plant.
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PMID:Medical findings in nickel-cadmium battery workers. 142 13

The calcium antagonist, diltiazem is effective in the treatment of patients with various types of angina pectoris, as well as with essential and renovascular arterial hypertension. Sustained-release diltiazem in dose of 180 mg once daily is effective as sustained-release diltiazem in dose of 90 mg twice daily. Besides, in patients with stable angina pectoris and essential arterial hypertension the monotherapy with sustained-release diltiazem in dose of 180 mg is similarly effective as beta blockers and thiazide diuretics. However, monotherapy with sustained-release diltiazem is at least effective as monotherapy with sustained-release verapamil. Comparative clinical investigations showed that diltiazem is more effective than propranolol in decreasing ischemic attacks, whereas the risk of bradycardia is smaller. On the other hand, nifedipine (dihydropyridine calcium antagonist) is more effective than diltiazem in lowering ischemic electrocardiographic changes, incidence of attacks and improving working capability. The efficacy of diltiazem, nifedipine and verapamil is similar in the treatment of patients with spastic angina pectoris, whereas the least effective is propranolol. As far as the arterial hypertension is concerned, clinical investigations showed that the efficacy of diltiazem and nifedipine is similar. Side effects are relatively rare (1.8-9.6% patients) and depend on the dose (nausea, fatigue, dizziness, headache and itching).
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PMID:[Pharmacology--new therapy. Calcium channel blockers: new aspects of therapeutic use of diltiazem]. 146 75

The clinical and laboratory findings of 37 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were reviewed. Mean age was 43.8 years, sex ratio between males and females was 3:1; IBD was present in 91% of patients with 51% having ulcerative colitis, 23% unclassified colitis and 17% Crohn's disease. Twenty-seven patients (73%) were symptomatic presenting most commonly with fatigue, pruritus and hepato-splenomegaly. Cholangiography revealed abnormalities affecting both extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary ductal systems in 51.8% of cases, and only the intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary tree, respectively in 11.1% and in 37% of cases. The last prevalence was very high compared with that previously known. Clinical and biochemical data, when compared between asymptomatics and symptomatics, demonstrated a significant difference only for alkaline phosphatase which increased in the symptomatic group and for prothrombin activity which decreased among symptomatic patients. Nevertheless, predictive value of sALP for the presence of PSC was high when pts were pooled together with a randomly selected group of 36 non-affected persons that underwent ERCP for suspected primary sclerosing cholangitis: sensitivity was 94% and specificity 78%.
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PMID:Primary sclerosing cholangitis: an analysis of 37 retrospective cases. 148 78

We report here the long-term sequelae in 22 patients with L-tryptophan-induced eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). The mean follow-up was 23 months (range, 5 to 40 months). Myalgia, rash, pruritus, edema, and respiratory symptoms often improved with the use of corticosteroids, but fatigue and weakness persisted in most cases. Other abnormalities that commonly persisted were arthralgia, muscle-cramping, peripheral neuropathy, and thickened skin. One patient had chronic pulmonary hypertension. These findings indicate that for most patients, EMS is a chronic disorder.
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PMID:Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: the aftermath. 152 46

Three patients with symptomatic, noncirrhotic primary biliary cirrhosis who had no evidence of esophageal varices on esophagogastroduodenoscopy and who were treated with ursodeoxycholic acid, 15 mg.kg-1.day-1, for a period of 1-2 years are reported. Initially, all three patients showed improvement in symptoms of fatigue and pruritus, and there was marked improvement or normalization in serum levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase. However, after 1-2 years, all three patients progressed histologically to cirrhosis on follow-up liver biopsy, and all had esophageal variceal bleeding documented by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. These three patients represent examples of ursodeoxycholic acid treatment failure despite improvements in symptoms and biochemical liver test results.
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PMID:Progression of primary biliary cirrhosis with ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. 829 25


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