Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 60-year-old female was admitted because of intermittent fever, arthralgia, itching of whole body, pretibial edema, urinary incontinence, pain of both legs and gait disturbance, after an insect bite. On admission, she had fever of 38 degrees C, and nuchal pain and stiffness. Neurological examination revealed spasticity of lower legs and increased deep tendon reflexes of all extremities. Hyperesthesia and hyperalgesia were noted on C2-4 and L5-S5 areas. Leukocyte count was 10,100/mm3 and CRP was 2+. CSF showed no pleocytosis (3/mm3, lymphocyte), but total protein (50 mg/dl) and IgG (10.5 mg/dl) were increased. On T2-weighted images of brain MRI, multiple small high signal areas were shown. The symptom improved markedly by prednisolone, but 3 months later left lateral gaze palsy appeared abruptly. A demyelinating lesion of the pons to the medulla oblongata including the left paramedian pontine reticular formation was suspected, and a corticosteroid pulse therapy was very effective. Serum titer of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi-IgG antibody by indirect immunoperoxidase method was 400 x at first and 1600 x after 3 months. Neuroborreliosis was diagnosed, but high doses of intravenous penicillin were not effective, and an immune-mediated demyelinating mechanism was probably thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of neuroborreliosis.
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PMID:[Encephalomyelitis with elevated serum antibody against Borrelia burgdorferi]. 236 35

Clinical and biological evaluations were carried out on 84 Congolese patients with parasitologically confirmed Loa loa filariasis (without concurrent infection with other filariae) and on 98 controls without filariasis. On the patients, 72 presented with microfilaremia; another 12 with negative blood tests were seen towards the end of an episode of subconjunctival migration of the adult worm. The incidence and severity of the clinical signs depended upon the method of recruitment. The 3 most common signs were pruritus and edema (both occurring in successive acute episodes affecting mainly the hands and forearms) and subconjunctival migration of adult filariae. Papulovesicular eruptions were located mainly on the arms. Headaches and arthralgia were noted more frequently than in the controls. No relation was found between the ABO blood groups and loiasis. Eosinophilia (higher in patients with symptoms) and raised serum IgE levels were found in nearly all patients and were strongly marked in approximately 66%. A positive correlation was observed between these 2 parameters. Fluorescent antibody levels (adult filaria Dipetalonema viteae antigen) were comparatively low in patients with microfilaremia.
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PMID:Clinical and biological study of Loa loa filariasis in Congolese. 267 58

Healthy adult volunteers were inoculated intranasally with human parvovirus obtained from an asymptomatic blood donor. One week after inoculation, intense viremia was observed in seronegative volunteers, accompanied by a mild illness with pyrexia, malaise, myalgia, itching, and excretion of virus from the respiratory tract. In the following week hematologic studies revealed reticulocytopenia with an associated slight drop in hemoglobin concentration, lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a drop in platelet counts. At 17-18 days after inoculation a second-phase illness with rash and arthralgia lasting three to four days occurred in three of four infected volunteers. This study confirms the etiologic role of human parvovirus in erythematous rash illness, with the second-phase illness being consistent with adult cases of erythema infectiosum. Moreover, the hematologic changes associated with infection support the hypothesis that the same virus is responsible for the temporary arrest of erythropoiesis that leads to aplastic crisis in persons with chronic hemolytic anemia.
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PMID:Experimental parvoviral infection in humans. 299 31

Nonspecific symptoms are common in dialysis patients but few methods are available to measure their severity and their response to alteration in dialysis therapy. To determine the clinical features and measure the severity of the most important symptoms in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, 97 dialysis patients were interviewed, 63 of whom were reinterviewed 1 year later. For comparison 82 transplant recipients were also interviewed. The six most important symptoms in dialysis patients (using the product of the patient's perception of severity and prevalence) were tiredness, cramps, pruritus, dyspnea, headaches and joint pain. The symptoms were long-standing, occurred frequently, with little difference in prevalence between hemo- and peritoneal dialysis patients, and were often unrelated to a hemodialysis session. For each symptom, several dimensions of severity were assessed including frequency, duration, effect on sleep, daily living, activity, subjective quality of life and necessity for drug therapy. Often these dimensions did not correlate with patient's perception of severity. For each symptom these items were combined to give an aggregate score with a range 0-10. Interobserver reproducibility for each symptom score was greater than or equal to 0.7 but intraobserver reproducibility was poor for 3 symptoms, because of the fluctuating nature of the symptoms. Construct validity was demonstrated by finding a significantly worse distribution of aggregate scores for tiredness, cramps, pruritus, dyspnea and nausea/vomiting in dialysis compared to transplant patients. Aggregate scores changed little after 1 year's follow-up in stable dialysis patients but significant improvement in the aggregate scores for tiredness, dyspnea and nausea/vomiting were observed in 14 patients after successful transplantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical features and severity of nonspecific symptoms in dialysis patients. 306 60

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the efficacy and safety of sc administered recombinant alpha 2 interferon (IFN-alpha 2) in the suppression of frequently recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Seventy-six otherwise healthy subjects who had eight or more recurrences during the preceding year received 1 X 10(6) IU of IFN-alpha 2, 3 X 10(6) IU of IFN-alpha 2, or placebo three times per week for 12 weeks. Recipients of the higher dose of IFN-alpha 2, had fewer outbreaks during the study (2 vs. 3), a shorter period of viral shedding (2 vs. 4 days), less itching (1 vs. 3 days), and a faster healing time (6 vs. 8 days). The lower dose of IFN-alpha 2 was not effective. Significant side effects (fever, malaise, myalgia, fatigue, and arthralgia) occurred after the first injection of 3 X 10(6) IU of IFN-alpha 2 in 91% of the subjects, but subsequent injections produced only mild and intermittent side effects that were well tolerated. Mild leukopenia was noted in subjects treated with IFN-alpha 2. Treatment with IFN-alpha 2 resulted in moderate suppression and decreased duration of recurrent genital HSV infection in patients with frequent recurrences.
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PMID:Suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection with recombinant alpha 2 interferon. 352 95

Thirty-four healthy human subjects were exposed to shallow air saturation for 48 h [1.77 ATA (25.5 fsw) n = 19, 1.89 ATA (29.5 fsw) n = 15] and then decompressed to 1 ATA (0 fsw) in about 2 min. Symptoms included fatigue, limb and joint pain, headache, myalgias, and pruritus. No subject of 19 was diagnosed as having decompression sickness (DCS) after the shallower exposure, but 4 of 15 were diagnosed and treated for DCS subsequent to the deeper exposure. Almost all subjects in both groups had Doppler-detectable venous gas emboli (VGE) lasting up to 12 h postdecompression. Treated subjects had a recurrence of VGE several hours after the hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Only the duration of VGE, and not the VGE score, correlated with symptoms; and only the subjects body weight and age correlated with the VGE variables. This study indicates that hyperbaric air exposures of this magnitude are not as benign as previously thought.
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PMID:Direct ascent from shallow air saturation exposures. 353

To determine definitively whether or not the severity of the Mazzotti reaction was correlated with infection intensity, as determined by skin snip quantification, 21 infected Ghanian patients were evaluated during 7 days of treatment with 200 mg/day of diethylcarbamazine. Serial blood, urine and skin biopsy samples were collected during the progression of the Mazzotti reaction. Hypotension, fever, adenitis and pruritus were all correlated with infection intensity in these patients while arthralgia and tachycardia were not. Peripheral blood eosinopenia and neutrophilia also correlated with intensity of infection and appeared to reflect the accumulation of degranulating eosinophils around "mobilized" microfilariae that migrated from the dermis to the epidermis after diethylcarbamazine (DEC). Other mobilized microfilariae apparently were cleared by the liver and resulted in abnormal liver enzyme levels in the serum which, again, were directly correlated with the patients' microfilarial density. Though the severity of the Mazzotti reaction clearly correlated with intensity of infection, the different times of onset of symptoms, and cellular and serum chemistry changes indicate that there are probably multiple infection intensity-dependent mechanisms responsible for mediating this complex reaction.
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PMID:The Mazzotti reaction following treatment of onchocerciasis with diethylcarbamazine: clinical severity as a function of infection intensity. 400 68

A 39 years old black woman with systemic lupus erythematosus developed tense bullae on erythematous bases on the flexor surfaces of the forearms and oral cavity. Some blisters healed with atrophy and pruritus was a striking feature. The diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was based upon the following criteria: the typical blush in the butterfly area, alopecia, a painful macular papular eruption on the palms and fingers, fever, arthralgia, anemia, leukopenia, elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and positive ANA. Histologic examination showed a subepidermal bulla formation and perivascular inflammatory infiltrate containing lymphocytes and eosinophils. By indirect immunofluorescence no autoantibodies were detected. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposition of linear IgG. High doses of prednisone brought about clinical remission but there was no response to sulfone. The patient is on maintenance dose. The authors discuss the differences between the three diseases and conclude that the bullous eruption cannot be classified.
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PMID:[Bullous eruption in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 638 91

During the dengue epidemic in northern Queensland in 1981 and 1982, type I dengue was serologically confirmed in 196 patients (mean age, 32.2 years) from the Cairns district. The most common symptoms were fever (99%), headache (92%), rash (91%), myalgia (93%), skin itching (75%) and arthralgia (60%). Haemorrhagic manifestations were noted in 14 patients. Most only showed skin petechiae. One patient also had bleeding from the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. No cases of shock were recorded. Leucopenia was present in 57% of patients. A discussion on the relevance of these findings to dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome is included. A serological survey after the epidemic suggests that approximately 7% of the population have antibodies to dengue as a result of the recent epidemic.
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PMID:Dengue in the northern region of Queensland, 1981-1982. 672 48

During the period 1970 to 1980 48 parathyroidectomies were performed in 46 patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Thirty patients underwent 31 subtotal parathyroidectomies and 17 patients underwent total parathyroidectomy with parathyroid autotransplantation to the forearm. Ten patients were on conservative renal treatment, 26 were on chronic haemodialysis and 12 had functioning kidney transplants at the time of parathyroid surgery. The indication for parathyroidectomy were clinical symptoms such as pruritus, bone and joint pain, neuromuscular disorders and radiological skeletal abnormalities pointing to hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Hypercalcaemia was present in 38 patients. The clinical symptoms and radiological findings were favourably affected by parathyroid surgery but vascular calcification was not affected by the operation in any of the patients. Normocalcaemia was achieved after surgery in all patients except one, who had residual parathyroid tissue in the neck. Vitamin D substitution was required in about 30% of the patients regardless of the type of operation that was performed. Recurrent HPT occurred in 9% with similar rates after both types of surgery. However, recurrence was more easily managed after a total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation to the forearm than after a subtotal parathyroidectomy.
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PMID:Parathyroid surgery in chronic renal insufficiency. Subtotal parathyroidectomy versus total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation to the forearm. 675 30


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