Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vulvar Morbus Paget (MP) represents a rare intraepithelial adenocarcinoma. It accounts for less than 1% of all vulvar neoplasia and usually appears in postmenopausal women. Histologically it is analogous to Paget's disease of the breast. The most common clinical symptom is pruritus. The lesion appears as an erythematous or as an eczematous lesion with islands of hyperkeratosis. Occasionally, single anaplastic Paget's cells can be found on the vulvar smears which make cytological diagnosis of the disease possible. However, the disease can be diagnosed only by biopsy. We present a case of 49-year old woman with vulvar symptoms of pruritus, who had liver and kidney transplantation two years ago. During the standard gynecological examination the vulvar smear was taken for cytological evaluation. The smear was scanty, with inflammatory background, overloaded with squamae. There were two types of cells: dysplastic squamous cells from lower layer of the epithelium and the single, anaplastic cells with a high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio who possessed eccentric, large nucleus. Nucleoli were rare. Cytoplasm varied from pale and delicate to densely basophilic. Accordingly, cytological diagnosis vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN III) with differential diagnosis of vulvar Paget's disease was made. The pathological verification supported the diagnosis of MP and an immunohistochemistry panel confirmed type III of Paget's disease and an evaluation of bladder was suggested.
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PMID:Vulvar Paget's disease--a case report. 2069 46

Plaque-type palmoplantar psoriasis (PPP) is associated with marked morbidity and frequently resistant to conventional therapies. Patients with long-standing plaque-type PPP failing previous treatments were included and treated with a 12-week intramuscular alefacept. The biweekly evaluation included hyperkeratosis, itching, and pain grading. In all of the seven treated patients significant to complete improvement in hyperkeratosis, pruritus and pain were observed, along with dose reduction or complete discontinuation of additional systemic treatments and without any recorded side effects. Alefacept should be considered as a therapeutic option for plaque-type PPP.
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PMID:Therapeutic hotline. Alefacept in the treatment of hyperkeratotic palmoplantar psoriasis. 2086 12

A clinicopalhological study of 70 cases of pemphigus observed over a span of four and a half years from January 1992 to June 1996 at the Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals and Grant Medical College, Mumbai is reported. Pemphigus vulgaris constituted the single largest group of 43 cases, followed by pemphigus foliaceus (25 cases) and pemphigus vegetans (2 cases). Majority of the cases were seen in the age group of 21-60 years, with a slight male predominance. The youngest patient was 14 years while the eldest was aged 75 years. Mucosal involvement was seen in 31 cases of pemphigus vulgaris, as opposed to only 5 cases of pemphigus foliaceus. Flaccid bullae were present in 100% cases. Pruritus was complained of in 14 cases, though it was more common in pemphigus vegetans and vulgaris. Salient histopathological features of pemphigus vulgaris observed were (I) intraepidermal suprabasal blisters (35 cases), (2) presence of acantholytic cells (40 cases), (3) "Row of tombstone appearance" (I8 cases) and (4) acantholysis involving follicular sheath (20 cases). Main histopathological features of pemphigus foliaceus were (1) subcorneal blister (15 case), (2) acantholysis (24 cases) and (3) bulla cavity containing inflammatory infiltrate (12 cases). Both cases of pemphigus vegetans showed hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis and irregular acanthosis with intra-epidermal eosinophilic abscesses besides suprabasal lacunae.
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PMID:A clinico-pathological study of 70 cases of pemphigus. 2092 46

The aim of present investigation was the determination of specific pharmacological (wound healing) properties and the evaluation of possible irritative, allergenic and toxic effects of GF-6 - novel protective agent for skin mechanical and burn wounds. In mouse excisional wound model GF-6 (topically 0.1 ml per wound) exhibited the ability to accelerate scab rejection and full reepithelization in test wounds with no signs of bacterial contamination. GF-6 caused no irritation responses such as erythema, oedema, dotted hemorrhage, hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, alopecia and scaling in 14-day acute dermal irritation test. As well no signs of skin hypersensitivity (itch, erythema, oedema), and histological alteration (ulceration, dotted hemorrhage, changed capillary lumen, damaged hair follicle) were observed in skin application test at all time points during the 14-day observation period, evidencing that GF-6 is non-allergenic. In subchronic dermal toxicity 90-day study of five-fold concentrated GF-6 no statistically significant changes in respiratory, circulatory, autonomic and central nervous system, somatomotor activity and behavior patterns were detected. The results of hematological study testified to no influence of the GF-6 90-day application on blood formed elements. Thus, GF-6 should be considered non-toxic, non-irritant, non-allergenic wound healing and wound protecting agent.
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PMID:Novel protective agent GF-6 for skin wounds. 2097 80

Angiokeratomas of the vulva are relatively rare finding and a limited number of cases have been reported in the literature. Clinically, angiokeratomas of the vulva are benign vascular lesions usually occurring in middle-aged or older women. Microscopically these lesions are characterized by epidermal hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, acanthosis, and marked dilatation of the papillary dermal vessels. In most patients, genital lesions are asymptomatic; however, bleeding, dyspareunia and other symptoms have been described. We report a case of a 45-year-old woman with numerous blue-to-red, scaly papules that spread over the entire area of both labia majora. The patient reported occasional pruritus and burning sensations, discomfort during the intercourse, and significant psychological burden. Histopathologic analysis of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of angiokeratoma, and all lesions were electrocauterized under local anesthesia. The results of the treatment were very satisfactory, with no side effects or complications. During one-year follow-up, no relapses were noted and the patient remained asymptomatic. Therefore, dermatovenereologists should be aware of angiokeratomas and respective therapeutic options when examining a patient with pruritic, painful, or bleeding lesions in the genital region.
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PMID:Multiple angiokeratomas of the vulva: case report and literature review. 2125 46

Dermoscopy is a noninvasive technique to assess skin architecture. A pilot study was conducted using polarized dermoscopy as a tool to monitor the pediatric skin barrier. Ten pediatric patients (age range, 1-14 years) with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (AD), ichthyosis vulgaris (IV), and/or keratosis pilaris (KP) participated in a 4-week clinical trial. After a week of emollient usage alone, a mid-potency topical corticosteroid cream was added twice daily if necessary to treat erythema, dermatitis, or pruritus. The participants were assessed at weeks 0, 1, and 4 using the eczema area and severity index (EASI) for atopic dermatitis, investigator global assessment for atopic dermatitis, children dermatology life quality index (CDLQI), and clinical and dermoscopic photography. Dermoscopic appearance demonstrated dermal vascular ectasia in AD and KP, hyperkeratosis and prominence of the interkeratinocyte space in AD and IV and widening of the follicular orifice in KP. Improvements in these dermoscopic abnormalities were noted after emollient usage, mirroring improvements in clinical appearance, EASI, and CDLQI. Dermoscopy is a promising tool to assess localized improvement in skin architecture in pediatric dermatoses. Further studies and development of scoring systems will be needed to apply this technology to clinical practice.
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PMID:A pilot trial of dermoscopy as a rapid assessment tool in pediatric dermatoses. 2148 74

Histopathology submissions from 28 goats with dermatological disease were identified in an archival search of pathology files. Microscopic sections of skin biopsy specimens were examined for the presence of Malassezia spp. organisms. Six cases with many Malassezia yeasts were identified histopathologically. Based on the extent of clinical disease, three cases were regarded as localized and three were generalized infections. Clinical findings included alopecia with dry seborrhoea (four cases), greasy seborrhoea (one case), and no clinical findings specific to localized Malassezia infection when concurrent bacterial infection was present (one case). Mild pruritus was reported in two cases of generalized infection. No breed predilection was apparent. Three cases were male and three were female. Malassezia dermatitis occurred in goats from 10 months to 13 years of age. Three of six cases had concurrent bacterial infection. Skin lesions resolved following topical antifungal therapy in the two goats that were treated. Histopathological findings in all cases were severe follicular and epidermal orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis with minimal epithelial change and mild superficial perivascular to interstitial nonsuppurative inflammation. Numerous budding yeasts were visible within the stratum corneum of all cases; however, Malassezia was not isolated in the three cases in which culture was attempted. Based upon these findings, the authors suggest that the diagnosis Malassezia dermatitis in goats is most likely to be made by cytological examination of skin impressions or by examination of skin biopsy samples.
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PMID:Putative Malassezia dermatitis in six goats. 2153 56

Cutaneous dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease caused by the mosquito-borne filarial nematodes Dirofilaria (Nochtiella) repens, living in the subcutaneous tissue of dogs, cats, wild carnivores, and humans. Cases have been recently reported also from Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary, Ukraine, Russia, Austria, Switzerland, France, The Netherlands, and the Middle East. D. repens is not widely known to cause chronic pruritic dermatitis in animals. Dermatological signs observed in 100 canine clinic cases were pruritus (100%), erythema (79%), papulae (62%), focal or multifocal alopecia (55%), hyperkeratosis (18%), crusting (14%), nodules (12%), acantosis (5%), and eczema (3%). Signs other than dermatological were conjunctivitis (46%), anorexia (35%), vomiting (26%), fever (25%), lethargy (20%), and lymph-adenomegaly (10%). A case imported from Italy to Dubai is described. The opportunistic role of D. repens might explain the presence of asymptomatic carriers, the concurrent observation of nondermatological signs, and the development of dermatitis in a subgroup of parasitized dogs.
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PMID:Clinical Aspects of Dermatitis Associated with Dirofilaria repens in Pets: A Review of 100 Canine and 31 Feline Cases (1990-2010) and a Report of a New Clinic Case Imported from Italy to Dubai. 2220 88

Mutations in genes encoding for proteins along the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway have been detected in a variety of tumor entities, including malignant melanoma, thyroid, colonic and ovarian carcinomas, and some sarcomas. Thus, a number of inhibitors of this pathway have been developed, whose antitumor potential is currently being assessed in different clinical trials. Up to now one drug of this category (vemurafenib) has been approved by the FDA and the European Commission for late-stage melanoma. Although these new targeted anticancer therapies are generally considered to be safe and well tolerated, certain toxicities have been attributed to them, with cutaneous side effects being perhaps the most frequent amongst them. Based on results of clinical trials and on case series, a distinct profile of cutaneous toxicity has been observed, which is similar to that of EGFR and multikinase inhibitors. As exanthema, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, hyperkeratosis, xerosis, pruritus, photosensitivity, and paronychia, can be controlled in most cases with common conservative modalities, special attention should be given to the early detection of epithelial skin tumors (mainly keratoakanthomas) that can be induced during therapy with these agents. This report reviews all current published data on cutaneous side effects of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitors, and attempts to provide the clinician with clear hints for their management.
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PMID:Cutaneous side effects of inhibitors of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalling pathway and their management. 2254 Jan 51

Multiple, pigmented, verrucous, cutaneous lesions in a 2-year-old female cat were pathologically examined. The lesions were linearly arranged on the right side of the body, and had developed along with moderate pruritus since infancy. Histologically, prominent exophytic, papillomatous outgrowths of the epidermis and acanthosis with intense ortho and parakeratotic hyperkeratosis were characteristic of the lesions. Dermal inflammation with mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils was also noted. Inclusion bodies, cellular degeneration, and intranuclear viral particles suggesting papillomavirus infection in the keratinocytes were not observed. Papillomavirus antigen and DNA were not detected in the lesions by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. In accordance with these clinical and histopathological features, the cutaneous lesions of the present cat were diagnosed as epidermal nevi, which were consistent with human inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi.
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PMID:Feline epidermal nevi resembling human inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus. 2267 41


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