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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pediculosis ciliaris, though not as common as in the past, is still not a rare disorder. Infestation has become more prevalent among adolescents within the past few years. Severe itching, irritation, secondary conjunctivitis, and preauricular adenopathy may accompany the louse infestation. A brief review of the etiology and treatment of pediculosis ciliaris has been presented. Every physician should be aware of this disorder and be adequately prepared to treat it.
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PMID:Pediculosis ciliaris. 8 72

Scabies, caused by the itch mite and transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, is being seen in pandemic proportion. In the United States this infestation is seen in patients of all ages and socioeconomic levels. Scabies is often misdiagnosed, and the classic form occurs less frequently in the current cycle. Differential diagnosis includes most pruritic dermatoses. Diagnosis should be made with certainity, preferably by identification of the mite, before therapy is begun. Modern scabicides are high effective.
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PMID:Scabies, a current pandemic. 8 71

In recent years there has been a steady increase in the incidence of infestation with Phthirus pubis, a sexually transmitted louse. A recently introduced nonprescription liquid pediculicide, whose major ingredient is 0.3% pyrethrins synergized by 3.0% piperonyl butoxide (RiD), was compared for efficacy and safety with a prescription-only pediculicidal lotion whose major ingredient is 1% gamma-benzene hexachloride (Kwell). Thirty adult man and women with P. pubis infestation were assigned randomly to treatment with either the synergized pyrethrins or gamma-benzene hexachloride. A single 10-min application of the synergized-pyrethrin liquid produced the same results as a single 12-hr application of the gamma-benze hexachloride lotion: total eradication of adult lice and nymphs, cessation of pruritus, and no treatment-induced side effect. A follow-up visit a week after treatment verified all eradications.
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PMID:Treatment of infestation with Phthirus pubis: comparative efficacies of synergized pyrethrins and gamma-benzene hexachloride. 9 62

A heavy infestation of the tussock moth caterpillar (Orgyia pseudotsugata McDonnough) in forested areas of Oregon was associated with itching of the skin and eyes, nasal discharge, cough, and, at times, respiratory difficulty, Personal interviews and inspection of forty-one occupationally exposed persons were supplemented by a questionnaire administered to 428 individuals, composing three groups at various degrees of risk and a control group. There was a cause and effect relationship between the adverse symptoms and the exposure to tussock moth larvae. The specific etiologic agent was not identified, but it was felt that the secretion, hairs, or other substances in the larvae or cocoons of the moth acted as a potent allergenic substance and, for some persons, was also a primary skin irritant.
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PMID:Health hazards to timber and forestry workers from the Douglas fir tussock moth. 14 15

Animals were experimentally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var suis at weekly intervals between birth and five weeks of age. Excoriations were observed on the luminal surface of the ear seven days after the initial infestation. Encrusted lesions developed in the ears of all pigs between the third and eighth weeks but spontaneously regressed and disappeared by the 14th week. A generalised pruritus, accompanied by focal erythematous skin lesions developed in a majority of pigs between seven and 11 weeks of age. The presence of pruritus was associated with an eosinophilia and histological changes in the skin which were consistent with an allergic reaction. The results are discussed in relation to their diagnostic significance and their importance in the control and eradication of the disease.
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PMID:Experimental Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in pigs: (1) pathogenesis. 43 1

Two Persian cats kept in common, 3 months and 2 years old, presented a heavy infestation with Cheyletiella mites. The cats showed itching and loss of hair. The animals' owners suffered from severe itching and redish papulae, particularly on those parts of the body which frequently got in contact with the cats. After three treatments with Alugan powder (Hoechst) the cats were freed from the mite infestation. The owners' skin affection disappeared soon without any treatment. This is the first recovery of Cheyletiella mites on cats in Austria. The mites were identified as C. blakei, although obvious differences between the first description and our material were encountered. C. blakei could be primarily separated from C. parasitivorax according to the female tectum and the peritremata. Typically the sense organs on the genua of the first pair of legs are ovoid in shape. This feature, although morphologically variable, could be used as a diagnostic aid, if enough adult specimens are available.
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PMID:[On Cheyletiella infestation in domestic cats (author's transl)]. 48 75

Fleas are small, reddish-brown, wingless insects with a laterally compressed body and a pronounced third pair of legs adapted to leaping. Of the 100 species found in Middle Europe, hardly a dozen are of medical importance, they concern mainly people in contact with domestic animals. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis, and the bird flea. Ceratophyllus gallinae, are the most important human-pathogenic species in our region. A flea bite shows first as a haemorrhagic punctum, accompanied by itching, and leads to an erythema with or without central wheal. After 12--24 hours a papule appears which persists up to 2 weeks. Linimentum zinci with 10% Neocid alleviates the itching and prevents further infestation. The fleas are destroyed in their hiding places and on their animal host by applying Toxical-, Neocid- or Noflo-powder. The tropical sand flea, Tunga penetrans, is a permanent ectoparasite of man. It is seen in people returning from the tropics. Fleas may, even in our region, be vectors of bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae and intestinal parasites.
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PMID:[Siphonaptera/fleas (author's transl)]. 49 45

The infection with the mite Cheyletiella yasguri Smiley in 3 dogs and 5 out of 6 persons exposed to infestation is reported. Two of the dogs appeared to have been infected during a stay in a kennel. The dogs presented with moderate itching and slight to massive floury squamation on the back. In the infected persons, excoriated papules were present on the body and the extremities. The itching, which had persisted for 4--12 months, disappeared in all cases a few days after the dogs had been removed from the house. In the dogs, three antiparasitic baths were sufficient to exterminate the mite population.
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PMID:[Infection in man and dog with the mite, Cheyletiella yasguri Smiley]. 53 93

Considering the high incidence of chronic urticaria among female patients and the frequent difficulty in identifying the etiologic factor of factors the author decided to investigate the possible role of Candida albicans and other yeasts usually found as contaminants in certain foods and beverages or purposely cultivated for industrial products, as the sensitizing agents leading to the clinical picture of chronic urticaria. One hundred female patients with urticaria which had persisted for more than 6 weeks were selected and investigated, disregarding those with dermographism or cholinergic and cold urticaria. Aside from a careful history and laboratory tests to complement the physical examination that could rule out chronic bacterial infectious foci, intestinal parasitic infestation and thyroid disorders, intradermal skin tests with standard doses of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other common environmental and food allergens were done. The patients' age ranged from 4 to 70 years. The skin tests sites were examined for Type I reactions at 15 and 20 minutes; for Type III reactions at 8 and 12 hours; and for Type IV reactions at 48 and 72 hours. When tested with Candida albicans antigen, 35% had Type I/III reactions and 60% presented Type IV reaction. When Saccharomyces cerevisiae antigen was used for testing, 29% had Type I/III reactions and none presented Type IV. Forty-nine of the sixty patients who presented Type IV reaction to Candida albicans had in the past significant vaginal discharge (or vaginal symptoms: burning, itching) that obliged the patients to consult a gynecologist, but only ten had stained smears and cultures from the vaginal secretions and four were told to have a monilia vaginal infection confirmed by the microbiological tests, although forty of them received Nistatin therapy at the time of the gynecological complaints. At the time the patients were seen by the allergist, complaining about urticaria, only four had symptoms and signs of monilia infection and were confirmed by culture: one presented oral moniliasis following broad-spectrum antibiotic, two had vaginal moniliasis developing right after their menstrual period; one had intestinal and cutaneous manifestations (perineal and crural) developing also after broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. All the four patients had exacerbation of the urticaria while undergoing the monilia infection. After 1-2 weeks of elimination diet, each patient was challenged with yeasts-containing foods (bread, buns, sausages, beer, wines, grapes, cheese, vinegar, tomato catsup). Twenty-five patients (71%) of the group who positively reacted with a Type I/III reaction when tested with Candida antigen, showed a positive provocation test (reappearance of urticaria) and twenty patients (69%) of the group who reacted with Saccharomyces had a positive challenge test...
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PMID:[Hypersensitivity to "Candida albicans" and other fungi in patients with chronic urticaria]. 77 52

Dermatitis in a breeding colony of black (C57BL/6 Nya) mice was characterized by intense pruritus leading to self-mutilation and death. The cause appeared to be infestation with the mite, Myobia musculi. Ulceration of the skin resulted in exudation of serum proteins and exposure of the animals' immune defenses to microorganisms and irritants, with subsequent hyperplasia of regional lymph nodes and spleen. Affected mice had an increase in sessile plasma cells, serum immunoglobulin concentration, and percent of circulating granulocytes. The mites were eliminated by treatment with a dichlorvos-ronnel combination in liquid form, which was dispensed onto the bedding with an automatic syringe. The incidence of dermatitis was reduced to zero. Our experience with M musculi in two other strains of mice, both white, indicates that pathogenicity of this mite for mice varies according to the strain, sex, age, and individual differences in sensitivity of the mice as well as the mating ratios employed.
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PMID:Apparent acaridal dermatitis in a C57BL/6 Nya mouse colony. 97 45


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