Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diethylcarbamazine was given as eye drops in varying concentrations in a half-log dilution series from 1.0 to 0.0001% to patients with ocular onchocerciasis. Migration of microfilariae into the cornea, followed by their straightening and disintegration, was observed with delivery rates as low as 0.1 microgram/hour. Dose-related adverse inflammatory reactions, including the development of globular limbal infiltrates with itching and redness, were seen with delivery rates as low as 0.6 microgram/hour, but substantial inflammatory reactions, including severe vasculitis, were seen only with delivery rates of or above 1.0 microgram/hour. This suggests that it should be possible to achieve beneficial clearing of the microfilarial load, without adverse reactions, by continuous non-pulsed delivery of the drug. Technology exists for such delivery, either directly into the eye or systemically by a transdermal system that could give 3 to 7 days' treatment from each application. The observations reported suggest that after preliminary clearing of the microfilarial load by carefully controlled delivery of DEC it may be possible to maintain therapy by less strictly controlled delivery in DEC-medicated salt, or to use treatment with suramin, without incurring substantial adverse reactions, such as a deterioration in vision in cases in which the optic nerve is already compromised. Continuous non-pulsed DEC delivery systems could have a place in the management of onchocercal sclerosing keratitis. The unique opportunities for using the ocular model to define the requirements for beneficial non-damaging therapy with DEC should be explored in further field trials.
 ...
PMID:Effects of various concentrations of diethylcarbamazine citrate applied as eye drops in ocular onchocerciasis, and the possibilities of improved therapy from continuous non-pulsed delivery. 67 94

Three primates inoculated with Congo virus (CV) developed viremia. The animals showed neither any rise in rectal temperature, nor signs of overt disease; however, in one of them pruritus and rash were observed. Skin biopsy revealed vasculitis and hemorrhage. By complement fixation, neutralization and gel diffusion tests CV antibodies were demonstrated in the convalescent sera of the three animals.
 ...
PMID:Experimantal Congo virus (Ib -AN 7620) infection in primates. 81 8

Viral A hepatitis is a self-limited infection occurring predominantly among children usually as an anicteric often subclinical illness. Adults afflicted with this virus are more likely to develop icteric hepatitis. This is exemplified in developed countries when a common source outbreak occurs among non-immune adults. Fulminant hepatitis is uncommon in the USA and hepatitis A has never been documented to evolve into chronic hepatitis. However, prolonged cholestasis and relapsing hepatitis are well described. The usual features of cholestatic viral hepatitis A are pruritus, fever, diarrhoea, and weight loss. Serum bilirubin levels are > 10 mg/dl and the clinical course lasts at least 12 weeks. Cholestasis will spontaneously resolve, although corticosteroids will hasten the resolution but may predispose the patient to develop a relapse of the hepatitis. A biphasic or relapsing form of viral hepatitis A occurs in 6 to 10% of cases. The initial episode lasts 3 to 5 weeks and is followed by a period of remission characterized by normal liver chemistries lasting 4 to 5 weeks. Relapse may mimic the initial episode of the acute hepatitis. The full duration of the illness ranges from 16 to 40 weeks from the onset and immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis A virus persists throughout the clinical course. Hepatitis A virus has been recovered from stools during the relapse. Extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis A include evanescent skin rash and transient arthralgias. Documented cases of arthritis and cutaneous vasculitis have been associated with cryoglobulinaemia and are rare.
 ...
PMID:Atypical clinical manifestations of hepatitis A. 147 99

Cutaneous reactions, including acne, pruritus, urticaria, and nail dyschromia, have been associated with zidovudine use. Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis is characterized by distinctive patterns of dermal perivascular inflammation without visceral involvement. We treated two cases of cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with fever in patients with severe human immunodeficiency virus-related immunodeficiency in which symptoms resolved on withdrawal of zidovudine therapy and recurred after rechallenge with the drug. This unusual hypersensitivity reaction to zidovudine is probably related to the immune dysregulation and the propensity toward allergic phenomena found in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
 ...
PMID:Zidovudine-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis. 155 46

A 56-year-old woman who developed widespread pruritus and flagellate erythema after attempted pleuredesis with bleomycin is described. The raised linear lesions of flagellate erythema could not be reproduced by scratching, and histopathological examination revealed a lymphocytic vasculitis. The rash faded spontaneously over several weeks to leave streaks of post-inflammatory melanoderma which remained for 6 months. The role of scratching and dermographism in the pathogenesis of the bleomycin-specific eruption is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Bleomycin-induced flagellate erythema. 171 37

Seventeen cases of pityriasis lichenoides diagnosed over a nine-year period in children under 15 years of age are reported. Patients with this benign disease develop papular skin lesions covered with thick, coherent scales which detach in a single piece (reminiscent of sealing wax). Pruritus is not marked. Lesions may be necrotic (Mucha Habermann's small pox-like form, n = 6) or mild (leukodermic form, n = 2). Half of the patients studied developed several episodes and total duration of the disease exceeded two years in one third of cases. Recovery occurred after one or two episodes in half the children. Scars developed in some patients with severely necrotic lesions. None of the patients developed lymphoma. All patients with lymphomatoid papulosis progressing to lymphoma reported in the literature were adults. Pathogenesis of pityriasis lichenoides remains unknown but may involve lymphocytic vasculitis. No truly effective therapy is available. However, oral macrolides can be used especially in patients with early manifestations suggesting an infectious disease. Emollients, heliotherapy and ultraviolet therapy may also be recommended.
 ...
PMID:[Lichenoid pityriasis (parapsoriasis guttata) in children. Report of 17 cases]. 195 4

A female patient aged 39 with urticarial vasculitis is described. She has developed stubborn not itching blisters on the skin, suffered from periodic fevers, arthralgias; laboratory analyses have shown leukopenia, hypocomplementemia, immune complexes circulating in the blood and fixed in the skin vessel walls. Histologic examination has revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The differential diagnosis between this condition, chronic urticaria, and lupus erythematosus is discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Urticarial vasculitis]. 276 11

Anti-hypertensive drugs, including diuretics and beta-blocking drugs, belong to a group of therapeutics used by about a fourth of the Danish population. As with cytostatics, antibiotics, and topical remedies, they rather frequently cause adverse drug reactions (ADR) in the skin. No exact statistical information is available concerning the extent of such side effects. The information obtained by Danish National Board of Health's Committee on Adverse Drug Reactions shows that 10-60% of ADR from diuretics, beta-blocking agents, and anti-hypertensive drugs are dermatological. The skin symptoms are not unique for any specific drug. But certain symptoms occur more frequently than others. Thiazides can give vasculitis, a phototoxic/-allergic eruption, erythema multiforme, or eczema. The combination of amiloride (5 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg) carries the highest number of recorded ADR; 59% of these are in the skin. Half of the skin ADR are phototoxic eczema. Furosemide may give eczema, purpura, a bullous eruption, or Steven-Johnson's syndrome in rare cases. Methyldopa can induce eczematous eruptions on hands and feet, a lichenoid eruption, a lupus erythematosus-like eruption, or purpura. Hydralazine may give lupus erythematosus-like eruptions, eczema, or urticaria. Non-specific beta-blocking drugs can induce a morbilliform rash and may aggravate psoriasis. Captopril may induce pruritus in up to 15% of the patients and skin eruptions in 2%. The most serious dermatological side effect, exfoliative dermatitis, is very rarely seen following the use of anti-hypertensive drugs or diuretics.
 ...
PMID:Adverse reactions in the skin from anti-hypertensive drugs. 289 92

In many countries, increasing rates of skin eruptions are attributed to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They are usually mild, and life-threatening reactions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare. The commonest reactions are pruritus, morbilliform rashes, urticaria and photosensitivity. Urticaria is most frequent in salicylate-sensitive patients, and photosensitivity--a real clinical problem with benoxaprofen--is mainly a phototoxic reaction, predictable from preclinical studies. Other skin reactions are unusual although purpura and cutaneous vasculitis have been attributed to NSAIDs. The main concern is bullous drug reactions--erythema multiforme (EM), SJS and TEN. Whilst EM and SJS have many other causes besides drugs, most cases of TEN are drug-induced. NSAIDs have played an increasing role in the aetiology of TEN and it may be that drugs with a longer serum half-life carry higher risk, especially when administered to patients for infectious complaints who have a predisposing genetic background (HLA-B12). In pre- and post-marketing studies of a new drug, careful attention must be paid to the nature of side-effects, as a high rate of mild reactions belonging to the EM spectrum may be indicative of higher risks of SJS and TEN.
 ...
PMID:Clinical aspects of skin reactions to NSAIDs. 296 Oct 55

A case of chronic urticaria associated with thyroiditis is described. The diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's disease) rested on the presence of nodular goiter, thyroid dysfunction and significantly elevated thyroid microsomal antibodies (greater than 6,400). Skin biopsy showed changes suggestive of leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Immunological studies showed few abnormalities (low titers of antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor) but a search for circulating immune complexes was negative, and serum complement levels were within normal range. The patient complained of severe pruritus and polyarthralgia but no systemic involvement occurred. Urticaria vasculitis has never previously been described in association with thyroid autoimmunity. This suggests the possibility of an autoimmune cause of urticaria. The urticaria improved and disappeared after treatment with levothyroxine. The frequent clinical latency of thyroiditis warrants systematic testing for circulating anti-microsome antibodies in women presenting with an apparently idiopathic chronic urticaria.
 ...
PMID:[Systemic urticaria associated with autoimmune thyroiditis]. 358 5


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>