Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The colpitis is one of the most frequent gynaecological disease. The different methods of treatment of colpitis are a matter of discussion in many specialized studies. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Mycosyst (Fluconazol), produced by the pharmaceutical company Gedeon Richter (Budapest, Hungary), on women with acute fungal colpitis. The experience dated from about eight months (April--December 2002) with 27 patient with anamnestic, clinical, microscopic and microbiological data of fungal colpitis. Women were divided into two groups: 16 patients with diagnosed fungal colpitis at the time of interruption of pregnancy and 11 patients with this complaints not related to pregnancy. The therapeutic scheme is 150 mg Mycosyst as a single dose. The subjective complaints began to disappear 48 hours after the administration and were completely eliminated in almost all cases four days later. The medicine has a very fast effect on pruritus, erythema and urinary complaints, and a little bit slower influences the vaginal fluor. Some good pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters of Mycosyst are: fast and complete absorption in gastrointestinal tract, long plasma life, elimination by the kidneys without being metabolized, doesn't affect the plasma concentration of steroids and testosterone, high and long terming concentration in each stratum of skin, nails, vaginal secretion and saliva. Our conclusion is that Mycosyst is reliable, easily applied broad-spectrum azol antifungal. The single dose of 150 mg is sufficient for treatment of acute fungal colpitis in almost 90%. The medicine is comparatively cheap and accessible.
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PMID:[Some opportunities for the application of the drug mycosyst (preliminary communication)]. 1285 97

This pilot study is the first to identify female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) in an Egyptian community setting. The year-long interdisciplinary study, in a small hamlet (ezba), combined clinical assessment with an in-depth study of the social context of reproductive health. Schistosoma haematobium ova were found in 16.7% of women in the study (21/126). Half of the women who agreed to a full gynecological examination (43 of 86) had evidence of reproductive morbidity due to schistosomiasis, either schistosome eggs in the cervix or sandy patches, tissue changes in the reproductive tract. Other reproductive tract morbidities included infections (vaginitis 40%, chronic cervicitis 75%, pelvic inflammation 9%) and prolapse (54%). FGS was associated with dysparunia, abnormal vaginal discharge, vaginal or cervical polyps, contact bleeding, vulval itching and chronic cervicitis. Community members recognized S. haematobium as a health problem, but did not believe that it affected reproductive health. Indeed, they had little awareness of reproductive health and the possible impact of reproductive morbity on women's arduous daily tasks. There was no discussion of any reproductive health issues (except infertility) between women or between spouses. The study identified a number of factors that would affect the identification and treatment of FGS, and reproductive health care in general; (1) the neglect of women's health: (2) misconceptions about reproductive health and family planning; and (3) limited access to, and use of formal health care. The paper ends with a brief discussion of the significance of our findings about FGS, strategies to increase awareness of FGS, and the need for future research.
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PMID:The social context of reproductive health in an Egyptian hamlet: a pilot study to identify female genital schistosomiasis. 1465 48

Inflammation of the vagina as a result of infectious agents is very common, both as an overgrowth of normal or common colonizers, or as a frank infection. The most common causes of infectious vaginitis are yeast, bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and parasites. Infections of the vagina produce an increase in vaginal secretion, vulvar symptoms of itching or irritation from contact with irritating vaginal fluid, and sometimes odor. A careful microscopic examination of vaginal secretions generally yields the correct diagnosis, but atypical or recalcitrant disease deserves a confirmatory culture, as noninfectious inflammatory processes can produce similar symptoms.
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PMID:The diagnosis and treatment of infectious vaginitis. 1475 94

The aim of this study was to estimate therapeutical potentialities of the Mycosyst (Fluconazole) preparation, of the Gedeon-Richter company (Budapest, Hungary), in women with data for mycotic colpitis. 157 patients for three years period (April 2001-2004) were included in this study. Two groups of patients were formed. In 104 patients mycotic colpitis was diagnosed during curettage for feticide or missed abortion. Another 53 women were treated for mycotic colpitis unrelated to pregnancy. Complains of the patients disappear by the 48-th hour and in almost all women there were not complaints by the 4-th day. The most quickly were influenced itching, discomfort, erythema and dyspareunia and slowly and hardly discharge had been influenced. Mycosyst is a broad spectrum antimycotic agent of bistriazol type. It has good absorption and tissue saturation. 1-2 hours after oral administration maximal plasma concentration is achieved. Plasma half life is about 30 hours. This gave us opportunity for single or two doses Mycosyst for vaginal candidosis treatment. Use of two doses of 150 mg. was enough for acute forms treatment in almost 95% of cases. Mycosyst is sure, easy for use broad spectrum antimycotic from the azole group. This preparation is comparatively cheep and in the average Bulgarian income possibilities.
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PMID:[Three years experience of using mycosyst]. 1551 70

Common infectious forms of vaginitis include bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. Vaginitis also can occur because of atrophic changes. Bacterial vaginosis is caused by proliferation of Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, and anaerobes. The diagnosis is based primarily on the Amsel criteria (milky discharge, pH greater than 4.5, positive whiff test, clue cells in a wet-mount preparation). The standard treatment is oral metronidazole in a dosage of 500 mg twice daily for seven days. Vulvovaginal candidiasis can be difficult to diagnose because characteristic signs and symptoms (thick, white discharge, dysuria, vulvovaginal pruritus and swelling) are not specific for the infection. Diagnosis should rely on microscopic examination of a sample from the lateral vaginal wall (10 to 20 percent potassium hydroxide preparation). Cultures are helpful in women with recurrent or complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis, because species other than Candida albicans (e.g., Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis) may be present. Topical azole and oral fluconazole are equally efficacious in the management of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis, but a more extensive regimen may be required for complicated infections. Trichomoniasis may cause a foul-smelling, frothy discharge and, in most affected women, vaginal inflammatory changes. Culture and DNA probe testing are useful in diagnosing the infection; examinations of wet-mount preparations have a high false-negative rate. The standard treatment for trichomoniasis is a single 2-g oral dose of metronidazole. Atrophic vaginitis results from estrogen deficiency. Treatment with topical estrogen is effective.
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PMID:Management of vaginitis. 1560 61

One thousand eight hundred and thirty-six clinical and biological cervico-vaginal flora samples from genital infections in women observed in community practice in 1987 were compared to 368 samples collected in 2001. The diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection (STI) was rarely made. Nonetheless, examining these samples made it possible either to prescribe a specific treatment for a confirmed infection (chlamydia, trichonomiasis, candidiasis, gonococci, vaginosis), or to modify a long-term treatment that was often ineffective and sometimes badly tolerated. Not all vulvar itching, associated or not with pelvic pain, is caused by mycosis. Treatment based on a syndromic approach was often ineffective, because clinical symptoms, whether isolated or associated, even when they were suggestive of an etiology, presented only a minor positive predictive value (the PPV for the association ichting + pelvic pain was only 10% for chlamydia, but 45% for candidiasis). The diagnosis of vaginosis, suggested for the past 10 years as an improvement in the diagnosis of vulvo-vaginitis, was made in only 13% of the cases. The only significant difference in our two studies was a lower number of cases of gonococci, chlamydiae, and ureaplasms in 2001, the settings having remained identical, except for a lower number of patients in 2001.
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PMID:[Genital infections in women, in community practice. Comparison of two studies, 1987 and 2002]. 1562 21

This study focuses on the identification of aetiological agents of vaginitis in Nigerian women. Study subjects are drawn from patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge and itching at the gynaecology clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital and at the Clinical Centre of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, between January 2001 and July 2002. A total of 250 patients gave informed consent to participate in the study. The patients also had pre- and post-test human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling. Each patient completed a questionnaire in order to provide biographical data, past clinical history and socio-economic background information. A cervical swab (CS) and a high-vaginal swab (HVS) were obtained from each patient. Swab samples were examined for pH and under light microscopy by Gram's stain and as wet preparations in 10% potassium hydroxide. Subsequently, samples were cultured on appropriate media at optimal conditions and a drug sensitivity profile for all isolates was determined by standard methods. Blood samples were screened and confirmed for HIV antibodies. Bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens were identified or isolated in samples from 241 (96.4%) of the women. Bacterial agents (Neisseria, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species) were predominant in 128 (51.2%) patients, followed by fungi in 108 (43.2%) and parasites (Trichomonas vaginalis) in five (2.0%). Sensitivity to ciprofloxacin was seen in 40% of Staphylococcus species and in 90% of Neisseria species. Positive HIV serology was seen in 25 (10%) of the 250 women studied, 20 (80%) of which had concurrent microbial infections. Overall, a broad spectrum of microbial agents were shown to be responsible for vaginitis in the group of patients studied.
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PMID:Aetiological agents of vaginitis in Nigerian women. 1564 8

Patients with unspecific symptoms were sometimes tested for Candida. In case of findings of this yeast-like fungus in their stools they often were labelled with the diagnosis of a "Candida-syndrome". This comprises headache, weakness, flatulence, ravenous appetite for sweets, itching skin and several more unspecific symptoms. All 500 randomly sampled patients in 12 mainly naturopathic practices were asked to take part. In case of participation, they received stool-tubes and questionnaires to be answered during the waiting-time by the patients themselves. We asked for details of lifestyle, diseases and a number of unspecific symptoms. The stool-tubes were sent to a microbiological lab within 24 h after being filled. About one-third of all 308 participants carried Candida albicans in their stools. This finding is regarded as normal. Smoking habits were highly associated to Candida: 45 of the 78 smokers (58%), but only 68 of the 230 (29%) non-smokers were Candida positive, P < 0.0001. Three more results were associated with Candida-positive stools: Candida-vaginitis, allergies against food and allergies in general. Hints of a Candida-syndrome could not be found. The relation with smoking cigarettes is a new result. Associations to Candida-vaginitis and allergies were described before.
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PMID:Candida species in stool, symptoms and complaints in general practice--a cross-sectional study of 308 outpatients. 1692 95

Eighty-one patients with clinical diagnosis of aerobic vaginitis (AV) were included in the study. The patients were randomized for treatment, 45 with kanamycin (100 mg vaginal ovules for 6 days, consecutively) and 36 with meclocycline (35 mg vaginal ovules for 6 days, consecutively). The patients were examined before starting the study, 1-2 days after treatment and 30 days after the end of the study. At the first follow-up the patients showed different levels of symptom reduction. Reduction in the presence of leukocytes, vaginal mucosa burning and itching were statistically significant in the group treated with kanamycin with respect to the group treated with meclocycline. Moreover, there was also reduced isolation of Enterobacteriaeae (97%) in the group treated with kanamycin versus those treated with meclocycline (76%). At the second follow-up, vaginal homeostasis (normalization of pH and presence of lactobacilli) was more evident in the kanamycin-treated group. In conclusion, our data suggest that the topical use of kanamycin could be considered a specific antibiotic for the therapy of this new pathology.
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PMID:Topical kanamycin: an effective therapeutic option in aerobic vaginitis. 1702 97

Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis (DIV) is a well-described but poorly understood vaginitis associated with yellow vaginal discharge and vulvovaginal pruritus, burning, and dyspareunia. Although etiologies of an inflammatory, infectious, and hormonal nature have been proposed, response to therapy has been inconsistent and complete resolution of symptoms has been disappointing. We propose that DIV is a mucous membrane manifestation of vitamin D deficiency that results in desquamation of the vaginal epithelium and discharge. Moreover, we suggest that the loss of this epithelium leads to altered vaginal pH levels, mucous membrane fragility, inflammation, and secondary infection. Because vitamin D is a known transcriptional activator, we suggest that vitamin D is necessary for the synthesis of specific vaginal structural proteins, such as cytokeratins. Vitamin D deficiency results in decreased amounts of these proteins, resulting in loss of epithelial structural integrity and desquamation. Correction of the vitamin D deficiency ultimately leads to regeneration of the vaginal epithelium and cessation of desquamation.
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PMID:Treatment of desquamative inflammatory vaginitis with vitamin D: a case report. 1830 53


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