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Query: UMLS:C0033774 (pruritus)
 14,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a familial inflammatory skin disorder which is characterized by extreme pruritus, the typical morphology and distribution, the chronic or chronically relapsing time course and the personal or family history of atopy (asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis). However, there exists a variety of additional features which are either less specific or relatively rare. Although this disease has been well-known since the beginning of the century, the pathogenesis is not clearly understood at present. This review summarizes the reported deviations of the immune system as well as the alterations of the mediators of inflammation and the abnormalities of cyclic nucleotide regulation. These findings will be correlated with clinical symptoms. In particular the following topics were taken into consideration: association with HLA-antigens, elevation of serum IgE and generation of IgE immune complexes, numerical and functional deficiencies of T-suppressor cells, involvement of granulocytes, alterations of mediators of inflammation and especially the observations on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-phosphodiesterase. These extremely complex findings based on the interaction between disregulation of the autonomous nervous system and alterations of the immune system may provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis]. 299 74

Symptomatic treatment of pruritus is an important adjunct to the systematic approach of attempting to define the etiology of a pruritic skin disease. This article includes a description of the various systemic and topical antipruritic preparations available to veterinary dermatologists as well as their recommended dosages.
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PMID:Antipruritic drugs. 305 48

Pruritic skin diseases in the cat are best approached in a problem-oriented fashion. The presentations of pruritic skin disease in the cat include miliary dermatitis, pruritus of the head, scaling and crusting dermatoses, alopecia, erythroderma and exfoliation, eosinophilic granuloma complex, macular and pustular eruptions, and pruritic nodular dermatoses. There is a specific differential diagnosis for each presentation. A rational diagnostic plan, based on the likelihood of each disease in the differential diagnosis, may be formulated for each presentation of pruritus in the cat.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis of feline pruritus. 305 51

It has been demonstrated experimentally that the bullae observed in autoimmune pemphigus are due to the action of proteases. So far, no case of pemphigus associated with deficiency in antiprotease has been reported. We present a case of pemphigus associated with familial deficiency in alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), a major human body antiprotease. A 35-year old man presented with pemphigus preceded during 18 months, and accompanied by pruritus. The lesions were polymorphous, being made of solitary bullae, circinate vesiculobullae and squamous scabie plaques. Histopathological examination showed an intraepidermal bulla with acantholysis, a very spongiosis. The diagnosis of autoimmune pemphigus was confirmed by fluorescence of the epidermis in IgG and C3 and by the presence of antibodies directed against the intracellular substance. The initial treatment, which consisted of prednisolone 10 mg/kg/day and 10 plasma exchanges, was rapidly successful, but several relapses occurred thereafter. Two years after the pemphigus was diagnosed, a panlobular emphysema was discovered which made it possible to demonstrate a severe familial deficiency in alpha 1-AT of the Pi phenotype. This is the first published case of alpha 1-AT deficiency associated with autoimmune pemphigus. In our patient the skin disease presented as herpetiform pemphigus (initial features of dermatitis herpetiformis, followed by misleading polymorphous lesions, rare acantholytic cells, good response to corticosteroids), but there was no eosinophilic spongiosis. The frequency of alpha1-AT deficiency (estimated at 1 in 1,000 in northern Europe) and the lack of published cases with such an association may suggest a pure coincidence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Autoimmune pemphigus combined with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]. 306 24

Three family members, at initial evaluation, had generalized comedonal lesions with histologic changes of acantholysis and dyskeratosis. A total of nine cases of this entity, termed familial dyskeratotic comedones, have been documented in the literature. It appears to have autosomal dominant inheritance and onset in childhood or adolescence. Lesions are asymptomatic except for occasional pruritus or inflammation, and general health is undisturbed. A history of acne vulgaris is seen in four of nine patients and is the only associated skin disease. Treatment with oral isotretinoin produced no improvement in two patients. Electron microscopy revealed changes similar to those seen in Darier's disease.
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PMID:Familial dyskeratotic comedones. A report of three cases and review of the literature. 331 19

Dermatoses of pregnancy are relatively rare. The terminology becomes increasingly confusing, as only few of these skin eruptions are proved entities. Apart from pruritus gravidarum and herpes gestationis (pemphigoid gestationis), the symptoms of dermatoses of pregnancy should be classified according to polymorphic exanthema, which are characterized by urticarial lesions, or according to prurigo gravidarum, predominantly characterized by excoriated papules.
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PMID:[Pregnancy dermatoses]. 342

Pruritus occurs frequently during pregnancy; the reported incidence ranges from 3% to 14% of all pregnancies. Pruritus may occur with or without skin lesions, and may be an exaggerated response to a physiologic adaptation to pregnancy, a manifestation of a systemic disorder, or a primary skin disease. We review the most serious skin disorders associated with pregnancy and present an easy, logical approach to their diagnosis and management.
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PMID:Pruritus in pregnancy. 355 34

The observation of a 51-year-old male patient with transient acantholytic dermatosis (TAD) is briefly reported. The discrete eruption, composed of erythematous escoriated papules and papulovesicles, moderately itching, was located on the back and chest, more permanent during the summer season. The biopsy revealed suprabasal acantholysis and Darier-like elements. Lesions of pityriasis versicolor, confirmed by microscopic examination and fluorescence in Wood's light, were intermingled with TAD in the same patient. A topical treatment with selenium sulfide brought TAD lesions to the disappearance in 1 week. Comments are made in relation with the possibility of Malassezia furfur to induce acantholytic phenomena.
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PMID:Rapid response of transient acantholytic dermatosis to selenium sulfide treatment for pityriasis versicolor. 365 68

The diagnosis of trombiculiasis in a cat was based on the presence of an orange, crusting dermatosis, and identification of 6-legged larvae in skin scrapings. The prevalence of the disease may be higher than suggested by the number of reports in the literature, and due to the lack of pruritus, often may be overlooked.
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PMID:Trombiculiasis in a cat. 371 Aug 93

Grover's disease (transient acantholytic dermatosis; TAD), a disorder of unknown etiology, may resemble Darier's disease and frequently resists conventional therapies. The lesions can be extensive and pruritus can be a prominent feature. Four patients with Grover's disease were treated with isotretinoin. Three patients with relatively acute disease responded with remissions of up to 10 months after treatment. One patient with disease of 8 months' duration obtained partial relief but experienced a relapse when medication was stopped.
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PMID:Grover's disease treated with isotretinoin. Report of four cases. 385 1


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